Revista Contexto & Saúde

001-004

Authors: Antônio José de Lima Junior, Luiza Maria Gerhardt

A segurança do paciente é definida como a redução do risco de danos desnecessários (eventos adversos), associados ao cuidado à saúde, a um nível mínimo aceitável (WORLD..., 2009). Relatos e preocupações com as questões de segurança do paciente são destacados desde Hipócrates (460 a 370 a.C.) como demonstrado pela célebre frase Primum non nocere – primeiro não cause o dano. E, ao longo da História, outros personagens históricos se destacaram devido à ênfase na temática segurança do paciente e qualidade, como Florence Nightingale, Ignaz Semmelweiss, Ernest Codman, Avedis Donabedian, John E. Wennberg, Archibald Leman Cochrane, entre outros (NEUHAUSER, 2003; BARR, 1955; ROBERTS; COALE; REDMAN, 1987; DONABEDIAN, 1990; WENNBERG, 2010; COCHRANE; BLYTHE, 1989, apud BRASIL, 2013b).

015-024

Authors: Danyllo do Nascimento Silva Junior, Yago Rodrigues Silva, Ellany Gurgel Cosme do Nascimento

The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of data and information recorded by health care professionals regarding basic care in relation to the treatment of users with tuberculosis. This is a documentary research, with a quantitative approach, carried out in nine Basic Health Units of the urban area of the municipality of Pau dos Ferros, in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte. The data were collected from February to March 2014 by means of an instrument of the checklist type, which contained questions involving the user regarding the treatment for tuberculosis, such as onset and type of disease, initial symptoms, Adverse effects, sputum smear and sputum examination, presence of multiresistant bacteria, medications used, health professionals' guidelines, registry of home visits, Directly Observed Treatment (ODD), comorbidities, presence of the Sinan record in the medical records And other tests other than tuberculosis. The results evidenced the poor quality of the records and the absence of important data and information that should be included in the medical records, which compromises the quality of care provided to users, since essential details of their conditions are being neglected. In this sense, it is expected that the findings of this research may contribute to the improvement of the aspects discussed.

033-045

Authors: João Batista de Vasconcellos Siqueira, Teila Ceolin, Silvana Ceolin, Janaína do Couto Minuto, Stefanie Griebeler Oliveira, Aline Daiane Leal de Oliveira

Objetivo: Investigar el conocimiento sobre las plantas medicinales con los hipertensos y diabéticos de un equipo de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia Rural de Pelotas. Método: Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio. Los participantes fueron cinco miembros del grupo HiperDia de un equipo de Estrategia de Salud de la Familia Rural de Pelotas. Los datos se recogieron en septiembre de 2014. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación sistemática de las plantas medicinales, recolección y registro fotografico. Para el análisis de los datos de la entrevista, se utilizó propuesta operativa. Resultados: Fueron citadas 22 plantas medicinales utilizadas de forma complementaria en el cuidado de la salud, combinada com otros cuidados, tales como el uso de medicamentos, atención nutricional, actividad física y el bienestar emocional. La mayoría de estas plantas medicinales tuvieron evidencia para las indicaciones mencionadas y su uso resulta a menudo de las costumbres tradicionales del entorno familiar y/o comunitario. Conclusión: Se destacó la importancia del intercambio de conocimientos, el fortalecimiento del vínculo entre la comunidad y profesionales de la salud, y la creciente necesidad de formación de los profesionales de la salud para satisfacer esta demanda.

055-066

Authors: Elitiele Ortiz dos Santos, Cristiane Kenes Nunes, Daiane de Aquino Demarco, Simone Coelho Amestoy

This study aimed to report the experience of post-graduation students on Problem-Based Learning in the teaching/learning process of nursing students. This is an experience report about the “case of paper” based on the methodology of ProblemBased Learning, with a class of the 4th semester of the Faculty of Nursing of the Federal University of Pelotas, in July 2013. The “paper case” is conducted in a small group with 12-15 students and a teacher/facilitator in two meetings, at the first moment called "opening the case" the problem situation is triggered and defined the learning issues, which will subsidize the search for references to the construction of a synthesis of the next meeting, called closure. Four meetings were followed, between openings and closings. There was a joint construction of knowledge, the student is considered the protagonist and the teacher acts as a mediator of the teaching/learning process.

075-084

Authors: Sônia Teresinha DeNegri, Simone Coelho Amestoy, Rita Maria Heck

Our objective is to focus on the history of Nutrition in Brazil from the inception of nutrition profession, to the current context. This is a search to reflective thought, using literature available in the classical canon of nutrition and scientific articles. From the beginning, nutrition has been under the influence of biology only studying the binomial of malnutritionnutrition and health, in a hospital setting. Gradually, the nutritionist began infiltrating other social spaces. The dialogue with other sciences will contribute to the expansion. Challenges are necessary to form professionals with generalist, humanist and critical profiles, who contribute to food security of the population.

093-101

Authors: Cássia Cassol Damo, Daiana Argenta Kümpel, Elisa Pelissaro, Ana Luisa Sant'Anna Alves, Tatiane Basso

This study aims to describe the measure of the thickness of the adductor pollicis muscle (APM) as a predictor of the undernutrition in oncologic patients. This is a quantitative study of cross-sectional design with oncologic treatment patients with diagnosis of cancer of head and neck. The data were collected by a nutritional anamnesis application that discusses demographic data, clinical and anthropometrics. For anthropometric assessment, we used the following parameters: body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), triceps skinfold (TSF), arm muscle circumference (AMC), corrected arm muscle area (CAMA), dominant adductor pollicis muscle (DAPM), non dominant adductor pollicis muscle (NDAMP) and weight loss percentage (%WL). The results indicate, higher prevalence of males (82.1%) with an average age of 64,57±12,52 years. As for the location of the tumor we found a higher prevalence of larynx cancer (28.6%), followed by cancer of the oral cavity (25%) and oropharynx cancer (17.9%). According to BMI, the majority of the patients were eutrophic (46.4%). Undernutrition was more prevalent through measures of AC, TSF, CAMA, DAPM AND NDAMP. It was diagnosed that 78.6% of the patients were undernourished according to the measure of the APM of the dominant and non-dominant hands. The results suggest that the AMP can be a sensible method to the identification on the undernutrition, however, more studies are necessary with the objective of verifying the effectiveness of this measure, thus providing, a greater understanding of the use of the same for these patients.

115-123

Authors: Rosemeire Bueno, Lucas Vedeschi Ferreira, Daniele Malimpensa de Oliveira, Carlos Diego de Souza Rodrigues, Luciana Aparecida Giacomini, Andrea Varsone Carreri

Water is considered a key substance for the existence of man and needs to have a good quality, even under conditions of water scarcity in order to prevent waterborne diseases mortality. The purpose of this study was to analyze and monitor the microbiological and physico-chemical quality of the water used by the resident population in the Itu city, in a situation of water scarcity, aiming at raising awareness of the population regarding the storage methods and appropriate water treatment to ensure consumer safety. Were prioritized the collections in five public water distribution points consisting of 20,000-liter boxes, "bica" (artesian well) and a water distribution system for pockets, in the period from October to December 2014, corresponding to the water shortage experienced by the population of this municipality. Water samples were analyzed by using the MPN (Most Probably Number) technique in the enumeration of total and thermotolerants coliforms and Escherichia coli, according to the American Public Health Association. Analysis showed that 100% contained total and thermotolerants coliforms and E. coli and the samples did not meet the requirements of the Brazilian Health Ministry regulation 2914/2011, which advocates the absence of E. coli in 100 mL of water. Within the context, it is proposed that the need for greater public attention and adoption of simple control measures in order to avoid intake of contaminated water by microorganisms responsible for waterborne diseases by part of the population.

134-143

Authors: Christiane de Fátima Colet, Tania Alves Amador, Isabela Heineck

Introduction: Warfarin is one of the most commonly used oral anticoagulants (OACs) in primary health care. With narrow therapeutic window, it exhibits great variability of pharmacological response, and great susceptibility of adverse events,such as bleeding and venous thromboembolism. Objectives: To carry out a review of the literature on pharmacotherapeutic follow-up of outpatients using warfarin. Method: This is a review study. The keywords used for the selection of the articles were: Warfarin, Therapeutic Monitoring, Clinical Pharmacy, Oral Anticoagulants. Results: The use of warfarin is associated with adverse events, with hemorrhages being the most frequent, which can be prevented with INR monitoring. Monitoring of blood coagulation is of paramount importance in controlling patient efficacy and adherence to anticoagulant treatment. In a multiprofessional outpatient clinic for patients receiving warfarin, an increase was observed in the percentage of patients with INR in the therapeutic range, with the prolongation of the follow-up time in the outpatient clinic. Patients attending anticoagulation clinics tend to present more INR values in the therapeutic range ranging from 60 to 88%. Another important result related to the clinics was the lower frequency of supra-therapeutic INRs and longer time in the therapeutic range. In addition, pharmacist follow-up may result in lower costs of care and adverse events related to anticoagulation, hospital admissions, and emergency services. When ACOs are administered by pharmacists, there appears to be a shorter time to therapy stabilization and a greater percentage of time in the therapeutic range, as well as a decrease in the frequency of medication errors, longer time in the therapeutic INR range, and reduction of Drug interactions.

001-003

Authors: Thiago Gomes Heck, Giovano Pereira Buratti, Adriane Cristina Bernat Kolankiewicz

Agora, no final de 2016, temos a satisfação de publicar mais uma edição da Revista Contexto & Saúde (RCS). Nesta data divulgamos também alguns dados sobre o processo editorial realizado nos últimos quatro anos, ou seja, dados referentes aos últimos seis números da revista. Nesta trajetória passamos por mudanças em busca de qualificação de nosso processo editorial, ampliando o número de editores, nomeando editores por área (seções da revista) e ampliando o número de seções por edição.

015-024

Authors: Francisca Alanny Araújo Rocha, Antonio Rodrigues Ferreira Junior, Carlos César Menezes Júnior, Maria Eunice Nogueira Galeno Rodrigues

The Family Health Care Strategy (FHCS) is regarded as a conducive environment to promote health in the area of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EB). In view of this situation, the nurses comprised in primary care has characteristics that enhance their work of guidance and the monitoring of mothers and babies during this process. This article examines the health promotion actions toward AME conducted by nurses from the FHCS, in the year 2015. This is a qualitative, descriptive exploratory study, conducted with eight nurses working in primary health care of a small municipal community in the north of the state of Ceará. The data collected occurred through individual semi-structured interviews carried out in Health Care Units, as well as participant observation which occurred during ‘well child’ visits and documented in the field journal by the researcher. The content of the analysis was used for the discussion of the results and generated the following categories: Dialogue is fundamental; Home visit: space orientation; AME as a family planning method; practices of health care promotion and encouragement of breastfeeding. The ethical guidelines were followed. It was perceived that the role of nurses for health promotion was related to breastfeeding and also the importance of primary health care as a enabling environment in regard to these actions. However, each professional should have its role expanded in promoting breastfeeding, in order to improve the indicators of the area and optimize the quality of life for the people under their responsibility.

034-042

Authors: Vanessa do Nascimento Silveira, Danúbia Moraes Legramante, Greice Machado Pieszak

This is a literature narrative type of descriptive and exploratory nature with a qualitative approach, which aims to analyze the publications on pediatric oncology and the implications for nursing care. The search was conducted in February 2016, the Latin American database and Caribe Health Sciences (Lilacs), we used the following descriptors: "Pediatric Nursing" and "Oncology Nursing". From the data analysis, three categories have emerged: the perspective of caring for the child cancer in the context of family and nursing staff; the impact of the feelings and emotions that permeate the disease process; and the promotion of the family oncological and child quality of life. In this sense, it is concluded that the nursing staff, should not be limited only to therapeutic protocols, but also include humanized actions that value the constant participation of the family in this context, since the cure should not be based solely on biological recovery, but the well-being and quality of life of these children

056-069

Authors: Aline Sobreira Bezerra, Fernanda de Bona Coradi

This study aimed to evaluate the meals served to children from seven months to five years old, enrolled in a municipal nursery of Rio Grande do Sul, focusing on the nutritional needs according to age and the menu level of acceptance offered. Worked with the menu served during the week and portioning for each age group. As a reference to assess the supply of nutrients to children, were used the macro and micronutrient recommendations of the national Education Development Fund. The results showed that for students of nursery was vitamin A deficiency and sodium, for maternal was vitamin A deficiency and calcium and the preschool was deficient in most nutrients offered on the menu, except for protein, vitamin C and iron. The inadequacy of the food given to the children can be justified by a deficiency in the design of the proposed menu, lack of technical data sheets and training for handlers and the lack of cooperation from handlers to follow the menu proposed and elaborated by nutritionist.

079-088

Authors: Daisy Eckhard Bondan

The physical therapy professionals are being called to enter a new field of activity that's not common being utilized in this area, until nowadays, seeking in this way information about physical therapy based on virtual reality for children with cerebral palsy, conducted a literature review in national level, on the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in the treatment of cerebral palsy, with children during physical therapy appointments. The used methodology for the research had basic and exploratory nature, aiming to verify how virtual reality is being utilized in physical therapy care for children with cerebral palsy, in Brazil. The major question in this research was: Confirm if use of Virtual Reality in physical therapy for children with cerebral palsy enables a playful service, even though it functional. From the scientific material analysis included in the national literature review, was possible to suggest that virtual reality can be a great ally to the physical therapy treatment for children with cerebral palsy.

096-103

Authors: Angelo Viana Weber, Luana Taís Hartmann Backes

The glutamate as one of the most abundant amino acids in the central nervous system (CNS) plays the role of main excitatory neurotransmitter. Thus, this review is to evaluate the relationship glutamate in the development of Huntington's disease (HD) through the excitotoxic process involving its mechanism of action, receptors and associated glutamate transporters. For this, we carried out a revie w of the literature in the VHL databases SciELO and Google Scholar. They were separated 53 articles, and selected 25. The other articles were excluded for not addressing the desired theme. The DH is a polyglutamine disease caused by a mutation in the gene encoding the protein Huntingitna. The mutant Huntingtin will promote a number of changes since the overstimulation of N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) to the involvement in the regulation of glutamate transporters 1 (GLT1), glutamate transporter and aspartate (Glast) and low levels of carriers subtype of excitatory amino acids 1 (EAAC1). Thus leading to neurodegeneration process by excitotoxicity by increased levels of glutamate. Thus, it would be necessary to act simultaneously on all the pathophysiology of levels to acquire more expertise in neurodegeneration mechanisms, particularly excitotoxicity by glutamate. In this sense, there is a need for a more targeted action to the pathophysiology of DH levels, in order to acquire new specific knowledge regarding the mechanisms of neurodegeneration, especially by glutamate excitotoxicity.

116-127

Authors: Raquel Borelli Finatto, Karin Hepp Schwambach

The Pharmaceutical Services is a fundamental part of the health care service. For its effective implementation in the context of the Unified Health System it is essential to have as a basic principle guiding the pharmaceutical services cycle, which must be properly planned to ensure the quality and effectiveness of services provided. In this context, the qualification of management is possible through the planning, organization and structuring of the developed activities group. That way, the Strategic Situational Planning appears as an instrument to achieve this objective, because it is a participatory method, that allows you to analyze reality, diagnose problems and develop strategies to solve a given situation. This study presents the case report of the lived experience through the development of an operating plan for Pharmaceutical Services of a municipality in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre. It can be said that planning is a management tool which, through analysis and discussion of reality, seeks to propose alternatives, identify ways to enable a transformation and take actions to implement the planned activities. The Strategic Situational Planning tool by drawing the operating plan and the interaction with the different actors in the workshop was very rich and contributed to the service organization

139-148

Authors: Daiany de Carvalho, Natália Silva, José Alexandre Bachur, Juliana Luzia França Mesquita, Aline do Carmo França-Botelho

Burnout is a psychological syndrome resulting from chronic interpersonal stressors at work and is characterized by: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decrease Involvement Staff at Work. Health professionals have been highlighted as very vulnerable to burnout because they are exposed daily to an enabling work environment, dealing with illness, suffering and death. The aim of the study was to determine whether there is burnout in health care professionals working in two cities of Minas Gerais, Araxá and Santa Juliana. This is a field research, quantitative, exploratory, cross, performed with 75 professionals. Inventory Maslach Burnout was used for – for Health Research Services (Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey – MBI HSS). The overall sample averages were: 20.2%, 6.8% and 34.7% for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, respectively. These percentages are classified as average levels of burnout in all dimensions. As for individual analysis, there was a high level in all three dimensions simultaneously in 6.7% (5 volunteers) of the sample. The presence of at least one dimension at a high level was found in 62.5% (47 volunteers). The results indicate the presence of Burnout in the samp le, which may compromise the health and quality of life, as well as adversely affect the professional performance of these professionals

165-172

Authors: Maria de Lourdes Custódio Duarte, Kelly Viana, Agnes Olschowsky

Attention to crack users has been guaranteed from reformulations Brazilian law, given that the traditional and exclusionary model of psychiatric care has changed from the Psychiatric Reform. Thus, the Centers for Psychosocial Care (CAPS) Alcohol and Drugs constitute services created from the psychiatric reform that aims to mental health care in the territory. It has the objective to describe the strategies used by a CAPS AD the western border of Rio Grande do Sul to guarantee the attention to crack users. This study it is an experience report and that there was the daily service from July to October 2012. It was evident that the Support Groups, the Vocational workshops and home visits by this service are understood as activities strategies for comprehensive care and ensuring attention to crack users a quality service, the logic of the Unified Health System

186-195

Authors: Lucas Vieira Assunção, Jefferson Fernando Coelho Rodrigues Júnior, Igor Ferreira Nunes, Vânia Silva Macedo Orsano

Introduction: Strength Training (ST) has been broadly used due to its benefits to the subjects. It presents many structures and methods, with different objectives. Objective: To compare the effects of the ascending and descending pyramid method in the net number of maximum repetitions (MR) produced in three series in the exercise curl machine in a strength training session. Methods: 10 young women (24,5 ± 8,5 years old; 53,9 ± 14,1 kg; 158 ± 7 cm) performed the strength training for at least six months. The data was obtained in four non -consecutive days during two weeks. For the ascending pyramid, it was performed three series with intensities of 70%, 80% and 90% of the load of 1MR, and for the descending pyramid the order of the intensity was the inverse, with an interval between series of three minutes. In order to analyse the difference between the methods, it was used the Student t-test with significance level of 5%. Results: There was no significant difference between the net numbers of maximum repetitions performed in both protocols. However, in the intensities of 90% and 80%, it was performed a greater number of maximum repetitions in the descending pyramid protocol. In the ascending pyramid protocol, on the other hand, there was a greater number of MR in the intensity of 70% compared to the descending pyramid method in the same intensity. Conclusion: Descending pyramid method would be beneficial for the adaptation in the transition of tensional trainings to the metabolic trainings and when he training is with progressive increasing of load volume, ascending pyramid method is pointed out to be more efficient

001-002

Authors: Teresinha Heck Weiller

CONSEQUENCES OF THE CURRENT CONTEXT BRAZILIAN FOR THE HEALTH AREA

014-020

Authors: Aline Raquel Ceolin, Arlete Regina Roma, Teila Ceolin, Patrícia Tuerlinckx Noguez

Objective: to analyze results of pap exams of cervix from women attended in a Family Health Strategy (FHS) from a city in the southern region of Brazil. Methods: research with quantitative and descriptive approach, with a documental source. Data collection occurred between 2008 and 2010, through the book of register; analysis of data occurred through grouping the same and the distribution of frequency. Results: were evaluated 774 records of pap exams, with predominance of age between 30 and 39 years old. Among the ones who presented vaginal discharge, there was prevalence of Gardnerella vaginalis. Only three exams were compatible with Low Grade Intraepithelial Lesion. Conclusion: the results of this study contribute in the sense of provide indicators about the pap exam to, in this way, subsidize actions of education in health to attended women in service.

028-035

Authors: Vanessa da Silva Cuentro, Thayná Modesto, Marcieni Ataíde de Andrade, Marcos Valerio Santos da Silva

Polypharmacy is a factor that has great impact on the security of the elderly patient, considering that is largely responsible for drug interactions. The objectives of this research were to identify the prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy. The methodology used was a prospective descriptive quantitative study based on document analysis through a semi-structured instrument, analyzing the data in SPSS 20.0. The results demonstrated that the mean age was 71.9 years, 52.7% female. The length of stay scores a 21.7 days, the average number of diagnoses per patient was 2.6. The main hospital was diagnosed with diseases of the circulatory system (20.3%). The average number of drugs prescribed per patient was 6.8. The most used drugs were part of the digestive and metabolic system (32.4%), the prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescription drugs evaluated during hospitalization was 11.2%. With regard to potential drug interactions, were identified in 65.5% of prescriptions drugs most involved in the interactions are part of the cardiovascular system (38.6%). Given these results, there is the need to adopt strategies for the optimization of pharmacotherapy given to the elderly.

047-054

Authors: Roberta Soldatelli Pagno Paim, Rosana Pinheiro Lunelli, Kemberly Zanchett, Patrícia Menon, Samanta da Costa, Thainá Giachelin

Self-medication is a common and widespread practice in all countries, and may delay the diagnosis and cure of diseases as well as contributing to adverse reactions and serious consequences. The goal is to update the health professionals and the general population in relation to the damage, sometimes irreversible, that irrational self-medication can cause, in order to avoid and reduce the high level of intoxication. A literature review was carried out in order to synthesize the national expatiate publications on the subject. 25 articles were analyzed the Lilacs, Scielo and Medline databases. According to the studies, the main reason for self-medication is in pain relief through painkillers. In relation to age group, all are exposed to self-medication, but children and the elderly are those with higher risks. It was also the high prevalence of self-medication among health care workers. In addition, the ease in acquiring medicines, lack of access to health services and lack of guidance are the main factors that lead to self-medication. Considering the results, it is necessary the creation of awareness programs about the rational use of medicines and health professionals to guide the population about the risks of this practice.

064-076

Authors: Matias Nunes Frizzo, Alline Pastorio Dick, Josielli Trachynski

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a balanced translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, which involves the fusion of the BCR/ABL genes, and this rearrangement known as the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph). It is a neoplasm with an incidence of 1-2 cases per 100,000 adults, and accounts for 15% of all leukemias. This disease progresses through three stages: initial chronic phase (CP), accelerated phase (AP) and final phase called blast crisis (PB). Currently, there are several treatment strategies adopted for Ph+ CML, including stem cell transplantation, use of busulfan, hydroxyurea, IFN-α and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib busotinib). Imatinib mesylate is a first generation inhibitor capable of inhibiting the proliferation of cells of different lineages of hematopoietic of CML and progenitor cells. This drug has shown good efficacy in all phases of the disease, particularly in patients with newly diagnosed CML in chronic phase. The second generation inhibitors are effective and safe in the treatment at all stages, in patients who have failed therapy with imatinib. In this article, we performed a literature search with indexed material published after 2000. CML is not a curable disease with drug treatment, however through treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors have a high rate of overall survival.

085-091

Authors: Mauro Henrique Moraes Vargas, Régis Vieira, Renato Carvalho Balbueno

Cardiac rehabilitation it is defined as activities needed to allow patients with cardiovascular disease have a best social, mental and physical condition in order to improve their quality of life. The aim of this study is to identify the major clinical outcomes resulting from cardiac rehabilitation programs in phase I and II in the last five years. This study is characterized by a literature search, performed through periodic located on databases Lilacs, Scielo e Bireme and data published over the last five years. Eight (08) items involving cardiac rehabilitation phases I and II programs were selected and among the benefits found stand out better score for dyspnea, sensation of effort, tidal volume, vital capacity, pain, strength of the muscles responsible for breathing, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, functional capacity, biochemical profile and hence improves the quality of life of individuals. It can be concluded that cardiac rehabilitation protocols involving the association of conventional physiotherapy with incentive and other therapeutic techniques as EPAP, BiPAP and BS provide a satisfactory and individuals who need immediate results.

100-109

Authors: Renata Labronici Bertin, Nilce Priscila dos Santos Elizio, Raquel Nascimento Telles de Moraes, Caroline Opolski Medeiros, Lize Stangarlin Fiori, Anderson Zampier Ulbrich

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1) is responsible for 90% of diabetes´ cases in children, but only 50% of the cases are diagnosed before the age of 15 years old. The nutritional therapy is fundamental in prevention and treatment of the disease, in order to provide a good nutritional status, physiological health and individual life quality. The aim of the study was to understand the perceptions and eating habits of children and adolescents with type 1. The research was exploratory, with a qualitative approach, with children between seven to eleven years old, and adolescents with ages between 12 to 18 years old. The semi-structured interview was done with the mothers of children under 11 years and with their own teenagers aged between 12 and 18 years old. Responses from the interviews were analyzed under the method of content analysis. It is evident that the disease does not only installs in the body, but occupies a large space in the lives of individuals and their families, in addition, it is noted that mothers of children and adolescents are aware of the daily care and face difficulties in treatment and control of DM1, especially when food is combined with the emotional, friendly and socioeconomic. It was concluded that health professionals must constantly search for knowledge that can help diabetes patients and professional nutritionist, strategies must be created in order to encourage the search for an adequate diet that provides the maintenance and promotion of health.

116-125

Authors: Raissa Mont' Alverne Barreto, Rayann Branco dos Santos, Ana Caroline Lira Bezerra, Maria Adelane Monteiro da Silva

Objective: To know the perception of pregnant adolescents about STD through the development of a group approach, from Paulo Freire Cultural Circle frame. Methods: This is a study with qualitative research-care type, which was used a group approach based on Paulo Freire Cultural Circle for development of meetings with seven pregnant adolescents assisted by the Family Health Center Padre Palhano in the city of Sobral, Ceará, during the months from February to July 2014. Results: It was found in this study that women demonstrated no or insufficient knowledge about STDs and the consequences of diseases her and the baby. The participants also said they did not receive adequate and sufficient information related to STD in schools and health facilities. It was found that pregnant women contributed significantly following the group proving to be interested on the basis of sharing experiences or moments experienced through third parties. Conclusion: there is a need to articulate resolving educational actions by health professionals and school teachers, enabling the reduction of the lack of information about STD, so teens have a different look through careful with safe and humane approach and technique the use of participatory methodologies, since, through this research, there was the possibility of transformation of pregnant adolescents strengthened by their learning achievements and the acquisition of knowledge.

135-141

Authors: Laisa Cruz Torres Vieira, Jefferson Fernando Coelho Rodrigues Júnior, Neivan José Andrade Magalhães, Caio Victor Coutinho de Oliveira, Sergio Luiz Galan Ribeiro, Marcos Antonio Pereira dos Santos

Introduction: The practice`s incorporation of the exercises modalities alternatives for flexibility promotion is more and more common. Studies demonstrate association between flexibility and life quality. In this context, yoga and ballness arise as tools capable of improving the individual’s flexibility. Objective: To compare the flexibility levels of the trunk flexion of the middle-age women of the ballness practioners and yoga. Methods:Twenty-four middle-age women were selected voluntarily. They were divided into three groups (N=8/group): Control (C) (48,87±2,80 years),Ballness (B) (48,62±5,63 years) and yoga (I) (49,12±5,48 years), for inclusion in the study, the subjects of (B) and (I) should be practicing the modality for six months, with a minimum frequency of two meetings a week. Besides, the entire sample should be free from injuries in the lumbosacral region, in the hip and in the lower members of the musculature. Results: The flexibility of the exercises groups proved to be better than that of (C) group (p<0,05 for (I) p<0,001 in (B), the average reached distance of (B) was 37,1±6,0 cm against 32,1±6,1 cm of (I) and of 20,5±3,1cm (C), no differences between (B) an (I). Additionally, in the ‘sit and reach’ test, the subject of the groups (B) and (I) had a “good” prevalence level of 37% and 37,5% respectively, whereas nobody of (C) showed in this condition. Conclusions: The regular practice of the ballness yoga and middle-age women, even with low weekly frequency, are sufficient to promove greater flexibility compared to sedentary

149-157

Authors: Liamara Denise Ubessi, Michele Neves Meneses, Marcos Aurélio Mattos Lemões, Roberta Antunes Machado, Neidi Regina Friedrish, Celmira Lange, Vanda Maria da Rosa Jardim

Human Rights exist as a path to the defense of life. The Popular Affection Stalls deal with the fight for human rights with emphasis on health. This work aims to narrating the implementation experience of Popular Affection Stalls in the extreme south region of Brazil, brokered by the Povareu South Collective, in relation to human rights as a production sense. Thus, the text aims at describing what the People’s Affection Stalls are, because they are brokered, what is the relationship with human rights, and that is the fabric of these workmanship ‘Stalls’, defense and life support. Popular education significantly contribute to these seams, because it facilitates the inclusion of people knowledge, problematizations and the collective construction of clashes possibilities of the challenges that affect the guarantee of the right to health and other that are fundamental feasibility of this. Finally, the Popular Affection Stalls constitute in connection devices, questioning and incitement to changing social realities. The output shown in joining the conversation-action for the production of an affective collective becoming that are not fixed, but that creates and facilitates the flow of thought and the collective construction hitching up with other plots in the defense of life and human rights.

001-003

Authors: Thiago Gomes Heck

O Plano Nacional de Pós-Graduação (PNPG 2011-2020), editado pela Fundação Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), definiu diretrizes, estratégias e metas para a política de Pós-Graduação e pesquisa no Brasil. O recente histórico de incentivo para ações de saúde que de algum modo contribuem para a melhoria das ações do próprio Estado, são evidentes na ênfase dada na consolidação de Programas de Pós-Gradua- ção, especialmente aqueles distantes dos grandes e tradicionais centros de pesquisa no país. É neste contexto que temos satisfação de publicar nesta edição da Revista Contexto & Saúde 14 trabalhos em diversas áreas do conhecimento relacionadas à grande área Ciências da Vida, ou áreas da Saúde e Biológicas. Os textos constantes nesta edição foram enviados por autores com vínculo em 14 distintas Instituições de Ensino Superior de 8 Estados brasileiros. Esta edição, portanto, caracteriza-se de algum modo por publicar as múltiplas ações de pesquisa em saúde realizadas no Brasil, considerando-se a diversidade de instituições e Estados de origem dos autores.

015-021

Authors: Diego Silveira Siqueira, Fernando Riegel, Cristiane Mendes Manfroi, Taise Regina Braz Soares

Objective: to highlight the perception of self-care of patients waiting for a corneal transplant. Methodology: qualitative exploratory study. The sample consisted of ten patients with visual deficits in the immediate preoperative corneal transplantation. Data collection occurred from semi structured in the period April-May 2010 For data analysis we used content analysis proposed by Bardin. This study was approved by the IRB of the Methodist University of Porto Alegre IPA under CAAE – Number: 422/2009. Results: from the analysis of the data obtained, it was possible to recognize the difficulties presented by patients with loss of vision in daily activities, highlighting the importance and impact of the guidelines provided by the nursing staff. Conclusions: the contribution of the guidelines provided by the nursing staff has significant importance in the realization of self-care, so the patient feels safe and able to perform the activities of daily living.

030-036

Authors: Keysse Suélen Fidelis de Mesquita, Candida Maria Rodrigues dos Santos

It is a case study of descriptive character, which aimed to identify a person of nursing diagnoses with mental disorders attended a Psychosocial Care Center and build a plan of care using the nomenclature of the International Classification for Nursing Practice version 1.0. Nursing care was carried out according to the systematization of nursing care, based on the Theory of Orem Self Care, the person admitted in a Psychosocial Care Center of a state in northeastern Brazil, in the months November and December 2012 during the stage of Nursing Residency in Psychiatry and Mental Health. Data collection took place by surveying primary data obtained through anamnesis and physical examination, and secondary data from reports of the person legally responsible for the treatment and readings of chart records, making the nursing history. And from the meeting of this information, it was possible to identify the nursing diagnoses and the construction of the care plan, according to the steps of the systematization of nursing care. After evaluation of the plan, it was observed that the expected results have been achieved, with the rescue of self-care, improved welfare and quality of life of the person accompanied this study. It is believed that nursing care planned benefits the assisted person organizes his work, strengthens the category from their expertise as well as providing the assistance of nurses in performing their functions.

045-057

Authors: Graziela scheffer scheffer, Fabiane Brito Camargo

The article is the result of research “Municipal Health Council (CMS): A Tool for Participation and Social Control”, aimed to verify the implementation of the Municipal Board of Health by analyzing the performance of municipal health counselors to contribute to the strengthening SUS. The investigation was conducted through semi - structured interviews and documentary analysis of Minutes of Meetings of CMS in the first half of 2011.

063-068

Authors: Alessandro Rolim Scholze, Luiz Fabiano Zanatta, José Roberto da Silva Brêtas

Objective: To identify whether there are Public Policy and Health Surveys that have contemplated the issue of alcohol consumption among rural youth. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the literature, developed on sites of official bodies such as Ministry of Health, National Secretary on Drug Policies (Senad) and the Brazilian Center for Information on Psychotropic Drugs (Cebrid) and in three virtual bases data Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (Lilacs) and the Nursing Database(BDENF). Results: There are Public Policy and Health Surveys that address the problem of alcohol consumption among the rural youth in the last 12 years, and these specifically include the urban population, and to observe the databases there is also a lack of publications related to the theme addressed. Conclusions: The absence of data on alcohol consumption among this population promotes breaks the guidelines of National Policy on Drugs, connoting immediate urgency about this field of research.

079-080

Authors: Wendel Mombaque dos Santos, Caroline Mombaque dos Santos, Camila Pigatto, Luiz Osório Cruz Portela, Francisco Maximiliano Pancich Gallarreta

Objective: To evaluate the maternal metabolic abnormalities and fetal repercussions Doppler and cardiotocography in pregnant women subjected to aerobic exercise. Methods: A transversal, experimental research, to be carried out with otherwise healthy pregnant women between 26 and 34 gestational weeks, assessing pre maternal and fetal hemodynamic parameters and post exercise treadmill. Expected Results: no evidence of maternal and fetal abnormalities after aerobic activity, ensuring greater safety in this prescription during pregnancy.

091-096

Authors: Valéria Baccarin Ianiski, Denise Bocorni, Lígia Batriz Bento Franz, Maristela Borin Busnello

This paper intends to report the experiences of nutrition students during a traineeship with children in early childhood education from a fulltime school northwest the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The objective of this study is to demonstrate to all other professionals in the health and also education professionals that is valid and resonates to introduce in education the construction of knowledge in nutrition with children in their education environment. Activities were developed so they fit this knowledge in their daily schedule, and their eating behaviors was guide to the proposed activities for these children. The purpose of this work is based on children’s ability to influence their relatives and colleagues encouraging them to develop habits of health promotion and prevention, and so slowing the development of chronic diseases that are becoming more frequent in our days.

104-111

Authors: Andreia Regina Haas da Silva, Aline Augusti Boligon, Liliane de Freitas Bauermann, Rita Maria Heck, Marcio Rossato Badke

The study evaluated the knowledge, acceptance and access to medicinal plants by population Roque Gonzales – RS. 171 interviews were conducted, with the collection instrument a questionnaire with closed and open questions. 274 plants were cited by all respondents is that 88.88% of people said they grow some of these plants in their yards and gardens. It was found that 89.50% use medicinal plants, with the highest prevalence females. It was proved that the majority of respondents (78.36%) believe that treatment with medicinal plants to be effective. Knowledge of uses and methods of preparation comes, in general, the family (79.77%) and the age group that makes more use of plants with medicinal action is the elderly (36%), confirming its importance in the field of this type knowledge. The use of plants to treat diseases rather than drugs is still very significant and such studies are needed to recover and value the popular knowledge about the use of these plants.

001-002

Authors: Thiago Gomes Heck

A Revista Contexto & Saúde (RCS), com sua publicação inicial em 2001 (v.1, n.1), destacava e registrava a participação e a inserção do então Departamento de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Unijuí) no contexto das discussões acerca das ações de profissionais de saúde com implicações diretas e indiretas na sociedade. Na apresentação da edição inaugural, escrita pelo professor doutor Gilmar Antonio Bedin, as relações profissional-paciente e acadêmica-sociedade, são abordadas como processos de necessária e contínua reflexão para o aprimoramento ao cuidado com a saúde humana, como ação inerente ao reconhecimento da dignidade da pessoa humana.

010-022

Authors: Ibrahim Clós Mahmud, Isabel Ortiz Pereyra

The pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is a disease caused by toxins of Clostridium difficile, which, its main risk factor for colonization,the use of prolonged antibiotic therapies. The aim of this paper is to analyze a case of PMC diagnosed in a Regional Hospital de Santa Maria – Rio Grande do Sul – Brazil – in 2014 and a review of the literature on the subject. During the period from February to December 2014 was conducted data collection patient with their medical records. In the end, the literature search in databases of Scielo, PubMed and MedLine was performed. The PMC is a disease that primarily presents with fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea, which if not treated early can be fatal. It was identified that the patient made use of different antibiotics for the evolution of their initial illness, with that increase the risk of PMC. It was noted that health teams need training about the use of antibiotics and the PMC. It is also held emphasis on new therapeutic available that are still used by very few professionals.

028-031

Authors: Guilherme Hammarstrom Dobler, Eliane Reis, Francesca Werner Ferreira

Introduction: This work comes through a study of macroinvertebrates and fish fauna of the drainage ditches associated with the stream Crespo, located in the county of Chiapetta – RS. Objectives: are to evaluate the impaction and environmental quality of forest fragment by chemical and taxonomic analysis above this site, and relate to environmental degradation to quality of life, health quality. Method: At collection points, set up a distance of approximately 10 meters in mesh networks whose ends were placed 0.1 cm between adjacent (shading) to ensure isolation of the sampled area. There were two collections at each point in opposite shifts and different days, drag netting. At all points are collected water samples for determination of biochemical parametres. Results and Discussion: In this study was observed that the number of individuals caught (401) belonging to four phyla, class six, eleven and twenty orders families show a low biodiversity. Conclusion: The research reinforces that drainage of wetlands is harmful to biodiversity and the agriculture uses may cause irreversibles damages to life forms including humans.

041-049

Authors: Letícia Dahmer, Tiago Bittencourt de Oliveira, Carlos Kemper, Amanda Pontin Sant’Ana, Gabrielly Lunkes de Melo, Janine Goldschmidt de Avila

Rate the quality of life of hypertensive and diabetic leads us to the impact of treatment of the condition on physical and psychosocial problems of the patient caused by changes in lifestyle of the carriers of these chronic diseases. This knowledge allows clarification on the adaptation and acceptance of the disease and its treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of hypertensive and diabetic patients who participated in a program of health education. This study was observational and cross-sectional survey of the type being conducted with hypertensive and diabetic patients attending health education group Project on Education for Work-PEW-Health Surveillance 2013-2015. A socioeconomic and cultural questionnaire was administered in addition to the standardized and validated questionnaire of quality of life – WHOQOL-BREF. Twenty-five patients were interviewed, of these 68% were female. The domain scores were found for Physical 59.00 (± 15.67), psychological 69.16 (± 14.12), social 69.33 (± 11.71), environment 64.25 (± 12.30). The overall average score was 72.44 (± 9.12). The results were positive, whereas values above 50 are interpreted as satisfactory. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of evaluating the quality of life of hypertensive and diabetic, since the discovery and treatment can affect the quality of life in many ways. Moreover, it is the duty of health professionals to guide and help effectively the pathology of these patients. That minimize the impacts on quality of life that the disease or the treatment might cause.

062-066

Authors: Nayara Mendes Cruz, Jhenne Daynny Aristides Cruz, Amanda de Figueiroa Silva Carmo, Laísla Alves Moura, Daniela de Alencar Lubarino, Rodolpho Kleber Malta Brito

Know the perception of nurses regarding the prevention of pressure ulcers for patient safety. Qualitative research conducted at a university hospital, through a semistructured interview. Applied content analysis. Revealed ignorance of the existence of ulcer prevention protocols by professionals, who used it often did not. The change in position was the most reported conduct. There is disparity between the conduits held ulcer prevention and scientific bases,

076-083

Authors: Vanessa Ketzer Lucca, Nádia Rosana Fernandes de Oliveira

The present study aims to analyze the consumption of rice and beans mixture for schoolchildren aged between 9 and 12 years, of both sexes, enrolled in a public school located in the municipality of Ijuí (RS). Data has been collected through a semi structured dietary survey and been tabulated at Excel® 2010 and posteriorly analyzed and described. From the total sample 52,4% were boys and 47,6% were girls. 35.7% (n = 15) reported consuming mixing rice and beans every day of the week (7 days), two main meals of the day, lunch and dinner. It was also found that the majority of students, 40% (n = 16), consumes two to three tablespoons of rice and 50% (n= 20), two scoops of beans. The findings of this study show that the tradicional Brazilian diet keeps being consumed by children that are in growth phase and forming eating habits.