History and Historians in the Context of the Time

4-7

Authors: Teimuraz Akhalmosulishvili, Madona Kebadze

For its geographical location Georgia represents the part of old cultural world situated on the border of two continents-Europe and Asia. Such location always provided Georgia’s cultural and agricultural promotion during its long history. As it is well-known, from VIII century of old era, on the south-east of the Black Sea and later on the east (Georgian today) coast Greek settlements appeared. First settlements were Sinopi, Pazisi, Gienosi, Dioskuria, etc. Greek settlements also appeared on the west and north coasts of the Black Sea in the VII-VI centuries of the old era. Greek settlements played an important role in the process of cultural-economic development of the Black sea population with the antique world. Keeping in mind the history of old Greece and Georgia’s military-political, economical and cultural relations, it should not be surprising that these relations revealed in sport life that made the basements of Olympic movement in Georgia.

16-23

Authors: Razhabat M. Gichibekova

This article, based on archive and other materials, describes the methods and means of gaming religious Moslem leaders in the Caucasus on purpose to discredit the standard bearers of the people’s liberation struggle and suppress that struggle. The author brings to light the contradictions within the Moslem clergy of Dagestan subsequent to the end of the people’s liberation struggle of the peoples of the Caucasus in the 2nd half of the 19th-20th centuries. The article examines the mutual relations between the Russian authorities and the Moslem clergy of the Caucasus and specific aspects of the autocracy’s religious policy in the Caucasus in the first third of the 19th century.

31-38

Authors: Sergey A. Oreshin

This article addresses the transformation of state governance in Stavropol Governorate subsequent to the victory of the February Revolution of 1917 and the making and evolution of post-Revolutionary bodies of state authority. Based on archive materials and press publications, the author brings to light the process of creating new institutes of authority and analyzes their social composition and their interrelationship. Special attention is given to the activity of the committees for social security – bodies of self-government that were created by the liberal general public in the spring of 1917 and aspired to run the region – and their operation within the governorate in parallel with the bodies of authority of the Provisional Government. The author comes to the conclusion that the lack of consistency in the actions of the new bodies of authority and their renunciation of social reform for peasants led to the radicalization of the latter, which facilitated the triumph of the proponents of Soviet authority in the governorate in late December, 1917.

51-60

Authors: Galina N. Volnaya (Kertseva)

This article was put together based on unpublished materials from the collection of the Caucasus Museum and little-known documentary sources. The author discusses the primary history of the making and development of the Caucasus Museum, which afterwards became the S.N. Dzhanashiya Museum of Georgia. It has been proven that the Caucasus Museum is still of great interest to the scientific community and tourists alike. The institution’s major objective is to explore Caucasus Krai and coterminous countries. The author concludes that the museum still ranks among Russia’s top museums and is considered an institution of great significance.

68-75

Authors: Sergey S. Belousov

This article examines the Russian government’s state policy on the formation of a network of stationary settlements on Kalmyk lands in the second half of the 18th-19th centuries. The author explores its aims, character, and results. In the end, the author comes to the conclusion that the settlers did not have a major impact on the economic scheme of life of the Kalmyk people, its lifeway and culture and that the Kalmyks, likewise, had little impact on them as well. The events in Kalmykia once again substantiated the axiom that it is impossible to achieve changes in the scheme of life of nomads through just settling with them sedentary landowners or via incentive, much less administrative, measures.

84-91

Authors: Anna N. Eremeeva

This article attempts to reconstruct the emotional state of the intelligentsia of cities in Kuban and the Black Sea area in the early 1920s. The subject of the study is, above all, the capital’s intelligentsia who fled to the South during the Civil War, and after its close were doing their best to return.

101-105

Authors: Igor' A. Tveritinov

This article, based on archive documents and materials from print media and monographic literature, examines the struggle against the so-called “German stranglehold” in the territory of the Black Sea Governorate during World War I. In the end, the author notes that the campaign for the struggle against the “German stranglehold” was a manifestation of political speculation aimed at ousting from power the so-called “pro-German circles” and as well liquidating German landownership in Russia.

109-112

Authors: Andrey A. Kibrik

Рецензируемая монография принадлежит перу Александра Юрьевича Петрова, ведущего сотрудника Института всеобщей истории РАН, известного историка Русской Америки. Книга посвящена персоналии Наталии Алексеевны Шелиховой (1762–1810), жены и партнера одного из основателей Русской Америки купца Григория Ивановича Шелихова (1748–1795).

4-11

Authors: Elena Krymskaja

On the strength of analysis of legislative acts passed in the Russian Empire and a whole range of archive materials, the author attempts to mark out the characteristics of and changes in land relations in the towns and boroughs of the Podolia Governorate for the period from the late 18th to the mid-19th centuries.

24-36

Authors: Michael N. Saiko

The mortgage contracts engraved on the bronze plaques found in the Italian region Veleia and called Tabula «Veleia» are in the focus of investigation of the present paper. These are the agreements between authorities of the Imperial alimentary fund in Gallia Cispadana and Liguria and land owners of Veleia, Placentia, Luca, Parma and Libarna about granting loans on land lending. Money got on interest payments were directed towards orphans and poor parents free-born children support till their adulthood. Tabula «Veleia» contains 52 loan contracts, 15 of which are translated into Russian in full, others are given in brief. The structure and content of these mortgages are determined and some mistakes in calculations are found in the documents and some publications. The land domain size the square of which ranges from some dozens jugerum till more than 1000 jugerum is analyzed. The attention is also paid to the owners’ estates consisted of separate manors the square of which ranged within considerable limits (from 2 till 490 jugerum) and their names are studied. It is determined that the manors’ names which end with «anus» belonged to the Roman names, others – to the Celt-Ligurian. Tabula «Veleia» allows becoming more familiar with finance and credit documents and the conclusions made on the basis of its analysis promote the deep insight in the social-economic relations of Ancient Rome.

48-54

Authors: Irina G. Tazhidinova

The turn to the cultural-anthropological dimension of the past leads to re-evaluation of the significance of literature as a historical source. The article brings to light the potential of lyric poetry for the study of the emotions of the man of the 1930s and the history of the Soviet everyday. The work analyzes the verses of young poets (P. Kogan, N. Mayorov, and N. Ovsyannikov), which can be treated as “declarations of emotional independence”. In them, the authors declaim against hypocrisy and asexuality, which were being cultivated in Soviet society, and advocate for freedom of expressing emotions – above all, love feelings.

62-64

Authors: Sergey I. Degtyarev

Проблема украинской политической истории начала ХХ в. уже неоднократно становилась предметом исследований учеными – историками, политологами. Ими изучались события, которые происходили в период Первой российской революции; история формирования первых украинских политических партий, объединений, кружков и т.п.; деятельность на территории Украины в это время российских партий; роль отдельных общественных и политических деятелей в процессах, которые протекали в Украине.

68-73

Authors: Igor A. Melnichuk

The article analyses the reasons and consequences of gradual evolution of worldview and political positions of the senior elite in the course of wars between Zaporozhian Army and Poland in 20-40s of the XVII century from the self-identification as a special social group and military caste within Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth till understanding of their liberation mission and formation of autonomous ideology and politics.

92-97

Authors: Sergei V. Yanush, Sergei I. Linets

Russia is in high need of professionals, meeting the requirements of international standards, highly skilled, well-informed, legally savvy specialists, patriots of their work, having civil maturity and high moral and ethic qualities. Modern Russian society wants the employers of all levels to have deep understanding of civil importance and social significance of their activities, strong moral and spiritual basis, high cultural behavior. Training of such specialists is closely related to patriotic upbringing, creation of value-motivational core of the society and resource base of Russia’s restoration through the reproduction of a man of culture, citizen, patriot, moral, responsible, composite and spiritual personality, having distinct guidelines, ideas and ideals of the Russian patriotism. According to the president of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin: ‘We need the strategy of national policy, based on civil patriotism. High patriotic idea, the idea of statehood is the backbone, the foundation of the spirituality of modern Russian society and its future.” Nowadays, when Russia ‘gathers stones’ of its history, patriotism as the phenomenon of national spirituality and the component of public consciousness is as crucial for Russian reality as it was many centuries ago. The power of any country is mainly determined by the depth of patriotism of its citizens.

108-116

Authors: Irina G. Tazhidinova

The paper examines the specific character of combatants’ leisure activities during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The article, using private sources (private correspondence, diaries, memoirs), considers such form of leisure activities as frontline concerts. On the one hand, recollections of live performances by actors themselves, on the other – impressions and estimations by frontline soldiers are performed. Special attention is attached to the amateur performances by army amateur-talent groups.

4-14

Authors: Aleksandr P. Skorik, Irina M. Fedina

The article discloses the process of Cossack khutor establishment and development in the Kuban Region as the adapted social and economic world order of the migrated agricultural population. The change of the generations, which laid the basis of Cossack khutor prosperity by the early XX century is shown. The cause and effect relationship of decay of khutor household in the Kuban Region by the end of 1920s is indicated.

24-29

Authors: Nikolai P. Kalmykov

The article cites a small quantity of archive data, concerning repressions in the Don Region during collectivization. The description of events of the early 30s of the XX century is presented on the basis of a certain fate.

40-46

Authors: Iryna Y. Sklokina

The article presents the Nazi occupation in the public space of Soviet period, which highlighted the success of the economic recovery and motivated the population on new achievements. Specific method of occupation representation inseparably linked the urban identity of Kharkov and its Soviet character, while the celebration rituals used mostly the rhetoric of population’s gratitude for liberation. This fact promoted the reintegration of the postwar society on the base of Stalinist political culture. Despite the fact that after 1948 there were no days-off in commemoration of the war, war reminiscences were celebrated at the local level during the postwar period, but they mostly related to mobilization and propaganda, rather than to recreation and entertainment.

52-57

Authors: Valeriya V. Shaparenko

The article analyses the reasons of actual inaction of UN in arrangement of international conflicts after the ‘Cold War’ termination, the stages of UN operation in early 90s of the XX century. The UN Charter as a major legal regulator of states’ responsibility for international security violation is considered.