Društvene i humanističke studije DHS (Social Sciences and Humanities Studies)

14

Authors: Rusmir Šadić

The fundamental features of Abdolkarim Soroush’s philosophy of religion is an issue that is at the very heart of the article. Although he is one of the most important contemporary Muslim thinkers who has offered a significant contribution in the field of political philosophy, philosophy of science, sociology of knowledge, and mysticism, our focus remains on Soroush's philosophical interpretation of religion. The theory of the expansion of religious knowledge, which represents a real epistemological turn, as well as the theory of the expansion of prophetic experience, are the cornerstone of his philosophy of religion, which appears as the very key to his reformist discourse. With Fazlur Rahman (1919-1988), Isma’il Faruqi (1921-1986), Mohammad Arqouna (1928-2010), Hassan Hanafi (1935-2021), Nasr Abu Zayd (1943-2010), and Muhammad ‘Abid Jabiri (1935-2010), Abdolkarim Soroush appears as one of the most prominent contemporary Muslim neo-rationalists.

16

Authors: Nirha Efendić

During ethnographic research into newly established suburbs around Sarajevo, which are mainly inhabited by Srebrenica’s population who survived the persecution and genocide of 1995, I had the task of recording certain lifestyle changes of these refugees. This paper analyses the oral literary lyrical heritage of the Srebrenica region, ie. oral songs which were remembered mostly by women. Since I was myself one of those populations I relied on my personal experience that expanded my insight into more detailed knowledge, as well as the various circumstances that shaped the way of life of my respondents. On the other hand, the research aimed, among other things, to examine the role of Srebrenica women in the memory of the intangible cultural heritage of their region in recent times. First, I considered women’s self-organizing as a response to the genocide and the consequent absence of male family members and community leaders. Then I draw upon my research to consider the impact of these activities on collective attitudes toward the memory of the Srebrenicas' former spiritual life examining the presence of traditional and oral patterns in everyday life. The paper relies on interpretative and analytical methods of the science of literature.

16

Authors: Bojan Mirić, Mirsada Zukorlić

This paper presents the results of theoretical and historical research and study of ideas and thoughts of the classics of pedagogy from the XVII to the XIX century (J.A. Comenius, Jean J. Rousseau, H. Pestalozzi, J. Locke, and Johan F. Herbart). The subject of our study is a review of scientific ideas of pedagogical classics on teaching and curriculum. We see the significance of this paper in presenting the understanding of pedagogical classics on teaching and curriculum, many of which are still relevant and important today. Throughout history, teaching has grown from individual to frontal through a series of transitional forms, and its most modern form assimilates the positive achievements of previous development. When it comes to the curriculum, from the point of view of interpreting pedagogical historiography, there are curricula and programs (contents) that were studied in schools in that period. That is why we are guided by the idea that we look at modern pedagogical topics such as teaching and curriculum, from a historical aspect in the light of theories and ideas of the classics of pedagogy.

18

Authors: Lejla Žujo-Marić

Alija Nametak and Almin Kaplan are two writers of Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature. Their prose work is defined by two separate historical periods. Alija Nametak`s prose originated in the 1930s, retaining a realistic poetic framework of storytelling and thematically entering into historical strife, folklore, and social relations amalgamated into the patriarchal way of life of Bosniak rural communities in Herzegovina. On the other hand, Almin Kaplan creates in the cultural climate of the first decades of the 21st century, combining poetic and prose expression in his literary work. Kaplan's literary world built on post-war actuality realistically depicts Bosnian society and convincingly portrays a man sandwiched between the magma of dreams and harsh reality, at the crossroads of personal and collective values, in a time of economic transition, unemployment, broken ethical values, and new globalist movements, but still burdened by the war trauma of the 1990s. Although they are separated by almost the whole century, Alija Nametak and Almin Kaplan can be connected by certain similarities that will be the backbone of this research: woven into the Herzegovinian ambiance with all its geographical, historical, social, and cultural conditions, both draw their literary motifs from the socio-cultural landscape of Herzegovina, which is a stage for small human stories and universal truths. The research corpus of this paper will be based on the novel Meho (2019) and the collection of short stories Dubravske priče (2020) by Almin Kaplan and several short stories from the collection Trava zaboravka (1966/1998) by Alija Nametak.

18

Authors: Katarina Mišetić, Maida Koso-Drljević, Nermin Đapo

Questions about cognitive aging are inherent questions about why individuals of different ages or from different subpopulations differ from each other and how these differences change over time. One of the main goals of cognitive gerontology is to describe how cognitive abilities change over time and to link these changes with brain aging. When we talk about the cognitive deterioration in the elderly, we have to consider great individual differences in cognitive functioning, that are greater than in the earlier period of life. In neurophysiology, significant progress has been made in mapping the brain areas responsible for changes in cognitive functioning; whether biological weakening will manifest in our behavior is greatly determined by life experiences and habits. Emotional stability, openness to experience, higher level of education, higher socioeconomic status, enjoyment in intellectual activities through the lifespan, and better physical and mental health are positively correlated with preserved cognitive abilities among older adults.

18

Authors: Gorjana Vujović, Jovana Šupić

Creative self-concept is a construct that refers to the self-assessment of one's creativity, and it consists of two dimensions, creative identity, and creative self-efficiency. Creative identity determines how important creative potential is to a person, and creative self-efficacy represents faith in personal creative abilities. Since the Short Scale of Creative Self-Concept (SSCS) was not validated on a sample of respondents from Bosnia and Herzegovina, this study aims to validate and verify the metric characteristics of the scale. The sample consisted of 238 students from different faculties from BiH, aged 19 to 46 (M = 22.21; SD = 3.27). Using a two-way procedure from English, 11 items that make up the SSCS scale were translated: 5 items examine creative identity, and 6 creative self-efficacy. The SSCS scale as a whole has good reliability (α = .904) as well as representativeness (KMO = .908). At the subscale level, these values are also satisfactory: for creative identity (α = .902; KMO = .871), and for creative self-efficacy (α = .823; KMO = .776). Convergent and criterion validity was confirmed by a high correlation between the total score on the SSCS scale and scores on the personality dimension Openness to Experience (r = .680) and scores on the Creativity Self-Assessment Questionnaire (r = .768). Exploratory factor analysis, with Promax rotation, retained two factors that together explain 68.03% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis tested three models: Model 1 - the original version of the scale with one dimension; Model 2 - the original version of the scale with two dimensions; Model 3 - the abbreviated version of the scale with two dimensions. As Model 3 (in which problematic items were omitted) was the only one with adequate matching parameters (χ2/df =3.357; CFI = .964; TLI = .948; RMSEA = .103), the metric characteristics of the shortened version of the scale were rechecked and showed that everything is satisfactory, except discrimination. The conclusion is that an abbreviated version of the scale can be applied, but also that it would be useful to conduct a new validation study in which all items from the scale would be retained, with linguistic modification of claims that were problematic in this study.

18

Authors: Sabira Gadžo-Šašić, Safet Mušić, Anesa Agović

The paper theoretically elaborates on the issue of the families of missing persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is still relevant after more than two and a half decades since the last war. In this regard, the text highlights the lack of relevant information on finding missing persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the war as the main problem facing families of missing persons. The media play an important role in the visibility and pointing out the need to solve the problem of missing persons in B&H, and often contribute to the overall picture of the public through their (non)work. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the importance and shortcomings of media reporting from the perspective of the families of missing persons in B&H. In this regard research was conducted that included 100 family members of missing persons, to examine their views on the manner and frequency of media reporting, the perception of the professional approach of journalists to whom they had the opportunity to give a statement, but also ways to improve media coverage the issue of missing persons. The conducted research revealed that the statements of family members of missing persons in the media are reported factually, mainly during the anniversary celebrations, and less investigative journalism, and that newsrooms do not have specialized journalists on this topic. According to the results of this research, we concluded that closer cooperation between the media and the Associations of Families of Missing Persons is needed to improve media reporting on the topic of missing persons in B&H. It would greatly contribute to solving this problem in society.

20

Authors: Edina Murtić

The play in numerous philosophical, literary-theoretical, and artistic texts is recognized as a constituent part of life and as one of the vital determinations of a human being. This Paper perceives the play as a fundamental principle that permeates all levels of the texts in the selected examples in the literature for children and youth of Ljubica Ostojić. We will show how Ljubica Ostojić takes the play and artistic creation as a thematic-conceptual base of her texts, focusing on structural, semantic, and language aspects of its presence in the text. The analyzed texts of Ljubica Ostojić are helpful example of the accomplished correlation of the reality between the child and the world with elements of a fantastic discourse. In the parallel existence of realistic and fantastic, deconstructing the traditional children's literature, the author writes various types of texts for children and youth, which share the seeming disharmony and complexity of the structure.

20

Authors: Gordana Stojić

Concern for human existence in a world shaped by technology is a subject of reflection in art, philosophy, and science. Unlike techno-optimism expressed in most utopias, dystopia is most often based on the idea that technological development can endanger freedom, values, and the current way of human life. The themes of dystopia are different - from the use of technology to control the population to the rule of the machine over its creator. In the novel Player Piano, Kurt Vonnegut develops a dystopian image of a society organized around automated production. The paper addresses the potential consequences of production automation on society and individuals presented in the novel - unemployment and fear of losing a job, social inequality, social position, and identity of the individual in the conditions of widespread use of machines. In the second part of the paper, these problems will be analyzed in the context of ideas developed by Marx, Anders, and other theorists who deal with the problems of labor and the social consequences of technology.

20

Authors: Marko Cekić

The paper deals with the theory of the application of video games in teaching discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using video games as a teaching tool, as well as to raises some additional issues that require further consideration of the use of video games in the classroom. The cathode ray tube amusement device (patent US2455992A) is at the start of its ninth generation of technology. All current knowledge, skills, and innovations of the current age of civilization are united in the creation of such a device and medium when it reproduces for entertainment. Certainly, each of these media, of any kind and how much content, of which there are already more than a million (as shown by digital video game stores Steam, GOG, Google store, PlayStation network), carries a certain amount of data, all kinds of knowledge of our civilization. As video games are popular with all ages, the idea of using them for education and in-classroom automatically arises. This paper is an overview of theoretical considerations of various aspects of the application of video games in the teaching of various authors who have researched this field.

20

Authors: Borka Malčić, Stanislava Marić Jurišin

Teacher reflection is becoming increasingly important in cultivating a responsible, critical, and autonomous work of teachers in practice. Little research has been conducted in Serbia, and these are predominantly theoretical. There is no validation of metric tools that could be applied in researching teacher reflection. The aim of the research illustrated in the present paper is to determine to construct validation of the factor structure of the English Language Teaching Reflective Inventory(ELTRI) within the Serbian educational context among primary school teachers. The research included 310 teachers of upper-primary subjects and elementary school grade teachers. We have applied exploratory factor analysis and extracted variables and determined four factors: affective, metacognitive, cognitive, and practical elements of teacher reflection. The reliability of the first three subscales (affective, metacognitive, and cognitive) was satisfactory, while the reliability of the fourth subscale (practical element of teacher reflection) proved to be low in our research. This is possibly caused by the research sample and education context of the respondents. The conclusion is that, in our sample, Teaching Reflective Inventory (ELTRI) can be used in a reduced form when testing teacher reflection, with 23 items and three factors. The present paper also gives the authors’ recommendation of adding the practical element factor with an appropriate number of items which potentially obtain a four-factor solution to the questionnaire.

22

Authors: Adnan Sivić, Aleksandra Golubović

In this paper, we will present the specific and pioneering brand of existentialism developed by Søren Kierkegaard, an immensely influential European thinker who ushered in a whole new era of philosophy. We will analyze his view of the problem of existence and, more specifically, the self as to how an individual must first become separated from others (the masses or the public), to then become a new person through faith in God, the key Other that makes one’s whole life appear as new. Kierkegaard’s influence on the further development of philosophy is almost beyond comparison, as is apparent first and foremost in existentialism and its various versions developed in the 20th century, and through these developments, it has shaped the course of philosophical thought extending far beyond the borders of Europe. In his view, the life of a human individual is tightly bound up with the relation towards the other. This requires, on the one hand, a certain denial of the other qua the others and, on the other hand, an all-encompassing turning towards and acceptance of the Other, i.e. God (as the highest degree of human accomplishment cannot be achieved without this recognition of God as the Other with the initial capital).

22

Authors: Amina Smajović

Conflicts increasingly waged at the request of one's ego are taking on socially significant proportions. The real manifestation of ethics pays attribute to wisdom. Pedagogical activities complemented by wisdom help students use knowledge to promote the idea of the common good. Therefore, we believe that the development of wisdom should become a vital goal of upbringing and education. In the research, we tried to determine whether the components of clever thinking are integrated into the curricular content of subjects. The analysis showed that reflective, dialogical, and dialectical thinking, as components of wise thinking, are not significantly involved in the curriculum for high school. The paper aims to understand the phenomenon of wisdom, contribute to the enrichment of literature, and also provide a theoretical framework that will apply to future research. It pointed out the need to change the dominant paradigm in the teaching process and offered indications of the education of wisdom through three forms of teaching; teaching about wisdom, teaching for wisdom and teaching with wisdom.

22

Authors: Gordana M. Stepić, Daliborka R. Popović

Team teaching is a complex teaching system that depicts the school culture based on cooperation and mutual sharing. The research aims to consider the representation of team teaching in the first cycle of primary education, as well as the advantages and difficulties in its planning, implementation, and evaluation from the teachers’ perspective. The research sample consisted of a total of 120 teachers, 104 of whom were teachers with experience in team teaching. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire. The content analysis method was used to process the collected answers. The results show that teachers most often participate in team planning and preparation, occasionally in team implementation, and sporadically in team evaluation of teaching. Teachers presented a large number of positive characteristics regarding the implementation of team teaching, in contrast to a large number of problems regarding team planning and preparation. Teachers are rarely involved in the evaluation of team teaching. They see the advantages of team planning through the resource of ideas for teaching and preparation of teaching content, and the disadvantages through organizational and technical problems and difficulties in the functioning of the team. They see the advantages of team realization in the possibilities of professional development, better designing of the teaching process, and better student learning, while the shortcomings are expressed in the organizational and technical domain and direct work with students. Teachers generally consider the planning and preparation of team teaching concerning themselves, and the realization of team teaching is mostly about students. Creating conditions for efficient and effective planning and preparation of team teaching is a basic prerequisite for the implementation of this teaching system, according to teachers.

24

Authors: Benjamin Nurkić, Resul Mehmedović

The rule of law is, along with democracy, one of the main concepts of the 21st century, while Islam is, along with Christianity, the most populous religion. On the other hand, Muslim states face the problem of accepting the rule of law as a concept that originated in the West. The paper discusses the compatibility of the rule of law and Islam as well as the reason why the rule of law is not developed in Muslim countries. The authors investigate whether the underdevelopment of the rule of law in Muslim countries is inherently related to Islam or to the socio-economic circumstances that led to it. The authors of the paper put forward the thesis that the cause of the underdevelopment of the rule of law in Muslim countries is primarily caused by socio-economic circumstances, and not because of the very concept of Islam as a religion.

28

Authors: Nehrudin Rebihić

Correspondence as a source for the study of literary, cultural, and political circumstances and events in Bosnia has not received an appropriate place in the humanities and social sciences because the letters are treated exclusively in the field of privacy. However, letters are sometimes a first-class source for presenting an image of a particular period or event, especially if it is interesting to determine how a particular person or group understands events or processes in society and culture. Studying the letters would open a different perspective on some events since it is often about an "informal" form of communication. In the framework of Bosnian studies, the so-called "letters from the border/krajišnička pisma" (Muhamed Nezirović and Lejla Nakaš) have been the most comprehensively studied, with slightly fewer letters in oriental languages (Sabaheta Gačanin), while letters from the 20th century (Hamid Dizdar, Munir Šahinović, Alija Nametak, for example), unfortunately, did not receive proper valorization. In this paper, the correspondence of Alija Nametak between the two world wars will be presented. Considering the dispersed thematic content of the letters, they are grouped into several thematic units. Letters about Safvet-beg Bašagić, letters about political censorship of articles and literary and artistic works, and correspondence with Slavists throughout Europe especially stand out. The letters were linked to other texts (co-text) that were in the broadest sense related to the topics of the letters. We tried to present as much as possible the events to which the letters referred. We also pay attention to the need to renew the study of Bosnian archival and documentary material, especially in the study of the history of literature.

44

Authors: Enes Pašalić

For years, the public speech on the Brčko District of B&H, established in 2000 based on The Final Arbitration Award, has been all about political phrases that have lost all connection with reality. Therefore, it is high time to speak competently about what was the socio-cultural and political novelty made by the Final Award, which has been disintegrating for years in a way that calls into question the very survival of the District. The Final Arbitration Award produced "an area under new political jurisdiction." "Bosnian new space" can be reduced to several important characteristics. The establishment of the District created: New constitutional structure of B&H; A new political model has been established in the District (civil), as opposed to those in Bosnian entities (ethnonational); A democratic unitary government has been established, unlike the consociational government in B&H and FB&H; Consistent insistence on multiethnicity (multiculturalism) in all spheres of public life. All these elements are interconnected and form one whole, so questioning any one of them endangers the survival of the others. Unfortunately, all of these elements are questionable today. On the hand, that is thanks to the changes made to the District’s Statute by Supervisor Gregorian. On the other hand, that is thanks to the disregard of the Final Award, the Statute, and the law by local politicians. It is high time to point out all of these problems that the District faces to get the professional and political attention that this specific socio-cultural and political model deserves.

12

Authors: Goran Miraščić

During the Trump administration, the American economy experienced some of the best results since World War II. Unemployment and poverty were at record lows and the stock market was booming. At the same time, the fiscal deficit and public debt increased, while the harm is done to the rules-based international trading system is yet to be seen. Using historical data, the aim of this paper is to provide a comparative overview of some of the hallmarks of Trump’s economic policy taking a critical look at each one of them: tax cuts, deregulation, and protectionism. While the pre-pandemic U.S. economy was in some aspects truly impressive, it is difficult to disentangle to what extent this was owed to the president’s economic policies and to what extent this was simply due to a positive external environment, which should be the subject of future scientific research.

12

Authors: Nasih Osmanović, Nasiha Osmanović

This study aims to find out what are the impacts of Blended learning on communication. Research shows that in the higher education system there are positive outcomes of communication using Blended learning techniques. According to this research, if the system is entirely online, it will never revolutionize the mindsets of students. Blended learning and online learning help the students to explore more techniques and tools for faster acquisition of knowledge. It has a positive impact on the cognitive and interpersonal skills of the students and automatically impacts positively the concept of online learning from the student’s perspective. The research showed that online learning even if it is not taken in the classroom can be a part of positive effects in communication among the students and their effectiveness and performances. Using the variety of technology in the class is improving communications skills and forcing learners to incorporate information technology and have a strong command of modern communication instruments.

16

Authors: Muedib Šahinović

The focal point of this paper stands on the polyvalent nature of secularity which is detected through its various forms and practical application as well as through ideological instrumentalization resulting in extreme derivatives. There is the specific influence of secular ideas and practices on the Bosniak social context, which has been marked during historical development by different phases of the relationship between religion and the state, dating back from the middle of the 20th century consequently leading to highly difficult and complex changes within the Bosniak existence. These changes were primarily aimed at a completely new perception of the notion itself and a considerably decreased application of religious standards. Those standards have been sustained under the pressure of secular moralities hence transformed into the pattern that has transitioned to antidotes briefly described by the phrase "fluctuating religiosity". It was these compromise solutions that enabled the "soft" transformation of Islamic legal norms into religious-moral norms (as a milder and more acceptable form of normative determination). This conversion of the Islamic spirit, practice, and worldviews of Bosniaks retain the amassing consequences on a significant contingent of identity categories. The whole process is being critically assessed through sociological analysis in this paper. Taking into account the Bosniak path through modernity, which begins in the late 19th century; secularization represented a serious Rubicon that needed to be bridged, and within the framework of new understandings of religiosity to build a necessary and adequate frame for the preservation of religious and ethnonational identity. On the example of Bosniak practice which has found a middle ground between nominally irreconcilable secular laws and religious imperatives, a general conclusion can be drawn about the existence of a probable sociological model of harmonization of different antagonisms in the relationship between the state and religion that affirm ideas such as separation with cooperation, overlapping consensus or neutrality with respect, guaranteeing fundamental freedoms and human rights and within them; inter alia, the preservation of religious sovereignty, identity and practice, which opens the door to convergent perspectives in a global context.

16

Authors: Maida Koso-Drljević, Esma Čelenka, Nejla Omerović-Ihtijarević

During the 2020/2021 academic year, the working conditions of students during online classes, the levels of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms, and their correlations with resilience and sleep quality were examined on a sample of students from the University of Sarajevo (UNSA). The results of the research show that most students have satisfying working conditions from home, but also that a large number of them still feel fear and anxiety that something will happen to the internet connection or computer during online classes and exams. About 50% of students have increased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, which are significantly in correlation with poorer sleep quality. Higher levels of resilience in students are correlated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and better sleep quality. The level of student depression is a variable that is the best predictor in explaining the criterion variable quality of sleep.

18

Authors: Nikola Dojčinović, Samir Ljajić

In the digital age, the Internet is the dominant tool for realizing political strategies. The potential of computerized propaganda was made possible, especially by social networks, through which it is possible to network contacts on a global level. Given that billions of people around the world are active on social networks every day, political strategies must be implemented through them to achieve political interests. The term political manipulation takes on a new dimension in the digital environment, taking technological advantages and ubiquity of internet users on networks. One of the world's most famous politicians who has intensively used digital platforms to propagate political views is Donald Trump. The main goal of this paper was to investigate the dominant patterns of use of social networks for political propaganda, primarily Twitter, from Trump's official Twitter account. The paper pays special attention to Trump's rhetoric, apropos his language and style of expression on social networks, with special reference to the 2016th year during the election campaign. The results of the analysis show that the use of social networks by Donald Trump, his PR management, and Facebook and Twitter analysts, largely contributed to Trump's campaign to become the 45th president of the United States. Dominant patterns of Trump's use of social networks were based on attacks on political opponents, as well as on self-promotion. The analysis found that Trump's rhetoric was based mostly on insults, criticism, inappropriate vocabulary, and lies to achieve dominance over opponents.

18

Authors: Adisa Ahmetspahić

The most prominent concerns of contemporary British literature have been reserved for the revision of tradition and history and contestation of metanarratives through historiographic metafiction and historiographic metadrama. Liz Lochhead’s works are abundant in elements of historiographic metadrama which Lochhead uses to rewrite (hi)stories from a different angle, especially (hi)stories involving famous women and their position in the society, as is the case with Blood and Ice and Mary Queen of Scots Got Her Head Chopped Off. Blood and Ice focus on Mary Shelley’s process of writing her novel Frankenstein while Mary Queen of Scots got her Head Chopped Off presents Mary Queen of Scots and Elizabeth I in the light of their strained relations. Pertaining to Blood and Ice, the aim of this paper is to discuss the position of Mary Shelley as a woman artist surrounded by Romanticists such as P.B. Shelley and Lord Byron and their liberal humanist ideology which shows great indebtedness to the patriarchal metanarrative. With regards to Mary Queen of Scots Got Her Head Chopped Off, the paper examines Mary Stuart and Elizabeth I’s roles as women and monarchs, masculinity-femininity dichotomy surrounding the queens, the problematics of their historical representation, as well as the danger of their mythologization. The analysis of the elements of historiographic metadrama in the two plays shows that they are examples of ‘herstories’ that dismantle male-centered narratives as imposed rather than natural.

18

Authors: Miljana Pavićević, Tijana Živković

The research aimed to determine the predictive power of social resources and social strategies in predicting social loneliness. The sample consisted of adult respondents, a total of 253 (103 males and 150 females) from 18 to 45 years, average age AS = 28.26, SD = 5.61. The instruments used in the research are these: the Social resources scale, Social strategy scale, and Social loneliness scale. The results of descriptive statistics show that the most pronounced social resource is leadership and the most pronounced social strategy is management. Also, the results show that the respondents have below-average social loneliness. The results of the regression analysis show that increased care for others leads to greater social loneliness and low expectations of success lead to pronounced social loneliness.

20

Authors: Minka Džanko, Alma Čović-Filipović

When lexemes are borrowed from a foreign language they go through different phases of integration, typically divided into four types: phonetic, orthographic, morphological, and semantic. The question of which gender to assign to a loanword and which gender assignment criteria to apply is still ambiguous in linguistics. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine the regularities of gender assignment to lexicalized and non-lexicalized anglicisms in German within linguistics and glottodidactics. In addition, the present study also investigates the question of whether deviations in gender assignment, in the case of lexicalized anglicisms from our corpus, can be explained by their semantic differences. The corpus for our research is composed of a total of 194 scientific articles, containing a wide range of linguistic topics and issues in the field of glottodidactics. The analysis showed that different criteria are used to assign different genders. Thus, in the case of feminine and neutral nouns, the suffixal analogy prevails, while in the case of masculine nouns, semantic analogy and monosyllabicity play a greater role.

22

Authors: Nusreta Kepeš

Service-learning (S-L) aims to promote the quality of education as well as improve local development in the community. In this approach, a child learns theories in the preschool classroom, but practices work in the local community. The best example of service-learning is described in the Concept of education for the 21st century, where Delors(1996) states: “Learn for learning, learn to work, learn to be, learn to live together with others.“From this concept, one can notice lifelong learning that has a specific social intervention based on solidarity and realization of true needs in the community. The research was conducted on a sample of 17 kindergartens in Zenica-Doboj Canton that applied Service Learning in their work. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Service Learning can influence the development of civic competencies in preschool children. According to the research data and statements made by a preschool teacher, children had excellent experiences during the realization of Service-Learning ( S-L). In addition, parents and community members had positive attitudes and readiness to work in partnership with kindergartens. Namely, Service-learning as a project method in kindergarten is a great example of how the youngest can set a community in motion but also encourage its development through civic participation. The acquired data suggest that Service learning had been recognized as activity “civic education” in an area that enables them to act and educate the future generation of socially responsible citizens.

24

Authors: Aida Džiho-Šator

With his 2016 novel The Noise of Time, Julian Barnes showed once again that he had not finished with postmodernist experimentations, nor with his interest in biography and history. This paper discusses the political and postmodernist elements of The Noise of Time. In The Noise of TimeBarnes embarks on a journey of exploration of the strains political repression has on an artist living and working in Stalinist Russia where everything was conducted under the directives of the political regime. Barnes intertwines the characteristics of both postmodernism and political novel to render a fictional biography of Dimitri Shostakovich, a renowned Soviet composer who lived and worked through the oppression of Stalin’s regime and in the years of his successors. In his portrayal of the workings and implications that ideological artistic doctrines and forms of political power can have on artists, Barnes uses primarily intertextuality and historiographic metafiction, and this paper will mostly focus on these two postmodernist elements of the novel.

24

Authors: Daliborka Popović, Božana Rašković

The paper starts by considering the factors that determine the development of musical abilities and emphasizes the role of adequate support within institutional music education. It references an adequate pedagogical approach in the choice of content and their didactic-methodological operationalization. In order to determine the importance of an adequate pedagogical approach in that sense, research was conducted on a sample of 118 preschool children in the preschool institution "Veselo detinjstvo" in Raska, ie, experimental verification of the impact of applying optimal didactic-methodological postulates in developing musical abilities. The results of the application of the experimental program showed positive effects in the development of musical abilities, in relation to the established practice, which implies stronger support of music pedagogues to educators. It is concluded that it is necessary to provide a better type of support to educators starting from initial education, and also through professional development, in order to adequately support children's musical potentials and talents, from the earliest age.

26

Authors: Mladen Obrenović, Lejla Turčilo

Donald Trump's term as President of the United States was marked by, among others: nationalism, populism, rejection of democracy, political arbitrariness, exclusivity towards racial and national minorities, xenophobia expressed towards immigrants, but also close (Mexicans) and distant peoples (Chinese), forcing divisions in American society, misogyny, spreading misinformation in all spheres and especially during the pandemic, belittling the attitude towards intellectuals, and especially constantlycalling out and insulting journalists. Injustice towards media houses and journalists did not stop during the entire term of Donald Trump, who called them 'fake news media' and 'enemy of the people, thus turning the public against them and creating big problems for them, which resulted in open violence during police protests. the assassination of African-American George Floyd, but also in the attack on Capitol Hill. All of these terms, along with some other features of his rule in domestic and foreign policy,are encompassed by a common denominator called ‘trumpism’. Although he was defeated in the 2020 presidential election, his legacy remained significantly present in American society, but also outside it - on the American and Asian continents, but also in Europe, and especially in the Balkans. Using qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis of Donald Trump's communication model, especially in his relationship with political opponents, media houses and journalists, and the communication model of Balkan politicians, this paper deals with information and communication matrices that have been very successfully accepted and perfected by some politicians. Balkans through a special review of the spread of 'information disorder' in its three manifestations - misinformation, misinformation, and misinformation.

26

Authors: Mirsad Čizmić, Aida Čizmić

The authors consider the referendum as the most pronounced form of direct democracy, which is direct decision-making where citizens express themselves by direct and secret ballot on a particular issue. It is not a substitute for representative democracy, but its corrective factor. In this paper, the authors give a systematic overview of good practice of referendums as an instrument of direct democracy, primarily in Switzerland, Italy, Croatia, Denmark, Serbia, Slovenia, Germany, USA, UK, etc., but also the place of referendum democracy in the legal order of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The authors will try to show that a referendum in some of these countries can be a great democratic step forward, but that it can often be not only an instrument for direct will but a negation of direct democracy in several cases. In support of this claim, the authors will point out the legal and political aspects of conducting the referendum.

34

Authors: Benjamin Nurkić, Suad Murselović

This paper analyzes the constitutional position of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) between constitutional nationalism and human rights. In its judgments in Sejdić and Finci v. BiH, and Zornić v. BiH, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) found that the BiH Constitution was not in line with the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR). Namely, the privilege of the three constituent peoples in the Constitution of BiH, the ECHR was assessed as contrary to the prohibited discrimination prescribed by the ECHR. In this sense, the paper analyzes the current Bosnian constitutional model of a form of consociational democracy or constitutional nationalism. The authors analyze the presumption of the ECtHR in terms of the (non) existence of a legitimate goal for maintaining discriminatory provisions in the Constitution of BiH. Also, the paper analyzes the importance of the implementation of the ECtHR judgment for the future of the rule of law in BiH.

12

Authors: Belma Duvnjak

The main goal of our research was to determine whether social competence predicts employee life satisfaction. The online survey involved 415 respondents from different parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina who work, regardless of employment status. Based on the conducted research, we obtained results that show that only certain components of social competence overlook the life satisfaction of employees. While concerning gender, the results show that social competencies are significantly less developed in men than in women.

14

Authors: Tahani Komarica

The paper aims to present the characteristics of the net given through the prism of supporters and skeptics. That range reveals net traps at social platforms through the crisis of democracy as an introduction to netocracy, and at the individual platform. A particular problem that arises from this is the definitions of media literacy that are focused on life in the media. The paper presents completing the definition of media literacy with the term „exclusion“, which leads to life with media.

16

Authors: Melida Travančić

This paperwork presents the literary constructions of Kulin Ban's personality in contemporary Bosnian literature on the example of three novels: Zlatko Topčić Kulin (1994), Mirsad Sinanović Kulin (2007), and Irfan Hrozović Sokolarov sonnet (2016). The themes of these novels are real historical events and historical figures, and we try to present the way(s) of narration and shape the image of the past and the way the past-history-literature triangle works. Documentary discourse is often involved in the relationship between faction and fiction in the novel. Yet, as can be seen from all three novels, it is a subjective discourse on the perception of Kulin Ban today and the period of his reign, a period that could be characterized as a mimetic time in which great, sudden, and radical changes take place. If the poetic extremes of postmodernist prose are on the one hand flirting with trivia, and on the other sophisticated meta- and intertextual prose, then the Bosnian-Herzegovinian romance of the personality of Kulina Ban fully confirms just such a range of stylistic-narrative tendencies of narrative texts of today's era.

16

Authors: Ahmet Alibašić

The article discusses the self-perceptions and outside images of the Bosnian Muslim Community by looking at a selection of recent scholarly works on the topic. The emerging picture is one of conflicting and shifting (self)perceptions. To some, this community is a source of hope and inspiration, and to others, it is a source of concern. In the aftermath of genocide, the community itself is uncertain about its future and its place in the hearts and minds of its neighbors and global community.

16

Authors: Vesna Minić, Marija Jovanović, Živorad Milenović

The aim of our paper is to conduct a theoretical and empirical analysis of the relevance of an encouraging environment in the development and progress of gifted students within the modern knowledge society. In order to ensure the highest level of sample representativeness, the research was carried out on a sample of 106 teachers working with specialized classes for talented students, and teachers who had worked with those students at their previous stage of schooling. The study was conducted in schools belonging to the areas of the City of Nis and Kosovska Mitrovica (Republic of Serbia)*, by using the scaling technique. Through factor analysis, the following 5 most prominent features (factors) of an environment that encourages the development of gifted students within the knowledge society were extracted: 1) differentiated curricula, 2) encouraging problem-based learning, 3) integrated approach to learning, 4) encouraging research-based approach to learning, 5) developing logical and creative thinking skills. This research also found that the level of schooling of gifted students significantly determines the differences in teachers’ perceptions of the characteristics of an environment that encourages the development of gifted students, while school location was not a deciding factor.

18

Authors: Vildana Pečenković, Nermina Delić

In the period between the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, Bosniak literary science found itself, like its literature a century earlier, in proving its own identity. The recent generation of Bosnian-Herzegovinian theorists confirms in numerous studies the validity of the application of different literary-theoretical concepts in the study of the Bosniak literary past, with identity issues in literature being among the most important. In this regard, the paper will focus on two important issues. The first is the decades-long neglect of Bosniak literature and, consequently, the scientific exploration of its structural-poetic features. The second question, which the paper will attempt to answer, was raised in the study 'Literature and the Identities' by Vedad Spahić. This theorist believes that the most significant moments of literary science are when it reveals the deep structures of the whole culture while talking about literature. Apart from Spahić, the corpus of literature includes the studies by Enes Duraković, Sanjin Kodrić, and other theorists of the 21st century. Their works confirm that Bosniak literary identity today exists in areas distorted borders strict autonomy of literary science.

18

Authors: Lamija Milišić

The research for this paper was initially prompted by the insights of Alison Landsberg (Prosthetic Memory, 2004) on the development of prosthetic memory, namely the phenomenon of personally experienced content through the mass media – and the idea to apply the same insights to the film "Quo Vadis, Aida" (2020) directed by Jasmila Žbanić, because of the relevance of its topic on the Srebrenica genocide in 1995 for modern society. This paper analyzes the difference between collective and prosthetic memory, affective engagement concerning the process of identification in acquiring historical knowledge and prosthetic memory, and the elements of the film that encourage epistemological uncertainty and therefore potentially develop historical awareness and responsibility. Given the example of the film "Quo Vadis, Aida?", this paper aims to show the potential of mass media in developing prosthetic memory, which consequently brings to thinking about the other from the current perspective, thus encouraging moral responsibility and critical thinking.

18

Authors: Enes Pašalić

The Centre for Culture and Education "Logos" in cooperation with the Institute for Religious and SocialResearch and the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Tuzla organized a scientific conference: "Religion, Politics, Secularism" on the 2nd and 3rd October 2020., with the participation of scientists from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Croatia and Serbia. The consideration of the historical connection between religion and politics, through the meaningful understanding of secularization, contextualizes us on the margins of the modern era where one can read the meaning and significance of the historical destiny of B&H and its social, religious, confessional, national and cultural subjects. From eleven contributions from this scientific conference, only one of them (Tadic, Sljivo 2020) explicitly, and three of them implicitly (Krivak 2020, Pešić 2020, Hodžić 2020) contextualize the subject of their studies in the narrow framework of the given theme: "Religion, Politics, Secularism". The other seven contributions, although theoretically and methodologically outside of the (self)referenced, conscious epochal relationship of religion, politics, and secularization, illuminate the aspects of the problems in the question in their own way, and sometimes from a quite unexpected angle.

18

Authors: Ozrenka Bjelobrk-Babić, Merima Čaušević, Dragan Partalo

Professional training is part of the professional development and lifelong learning process of an individual. The teacher in the classroom has very complex tasks and great responsibility in the upbringing and education of future generations in every society, and lifelong professional development is especially important. Therefore, the research aims to determine the level of teachers' self-assessment of professional development for teaching music culture, ie in the field of music theory and pedagogy. A sample of 365 teachers from the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina used the Likert-type scale, within which the respondents expressed their assessments of the forms, areas, and reasons for professional development for teaching music culture. The research results indicate that teachers highly prefer various forms of professional development. They express the need for professional development in the fields of playing and creativity, and the most pronounced reasons for professional development are the need to maintain musical competencies that are lost over time. Based on the research findings, the authors give recommendations regarding possible directions and ways of professional development of teachers in the field of music theory and pedagogy, ie. for teaching music culture.

18

Authors: Mirko Jakovljević

The mass media in the sphere of work include the production of information, communication, and the creation of public opinion in all areas of social life, including the areas that belong to the social and natural sciences, where ecology also belongs. They have become the basis for initiating social action in the field of environmental protection, which is necessary for the existence of raised ecological awareness, which is also expressed through knowledge about the threat to the balance in biodiversity and nature. The protection and preservation of biodiversity, as a significant part of the human environment, deserves more attention from the mass media, but also from the members of a social community. A modern man lives in an era of information abundance. It on many occasions disorients the modern consumer. For these reasons, a person, who already lives in a kind of "new media order", is recommended to adopt fundamental knowledge about the so-called media literacy, as well as biodiversity protection. This paper considers how the mass media should influence the raising of environmental awareness in the field of biodiversity conservation, taking into account all the dynamics and drama of information technology development and emerging forms of environmental and biodiversity threats.

20

Authors: Nermana Mujčinović, Nada Vaselić

Heroin addiction impairs every aspect of physical and psychological health of the addict, and at the same time, it impairs all forms of social functioning of the addict, as well as of everyone who loves him/her and of society as a whole, so it's necessary to put a lot of effort into treating this disease successfully. Working with heroin addicts shows that the treatment is a long and uncertain process, as the treatment must simultaneously cover three segments: psychological traits of heroin addicts, the degree of social support they have, and their motivation for this treatment. The theoretical goal of this research was to find out whether there is a link between social support and motivation for addiction treatment. The practical goal is to provide the improvement of the motivational aspect of treating heroin addicts, as well as to determine the role of social support in evaluating treatment outcomes. The research was conducted on a sample of 227 heroin addicts under treatment. The perception of social support for heroin addicts is the greatest when it comes to their families. A positive correlation was found between persistence in treatment and perceived social support from family members.

24

Authors: Ena Begović-Sokolija

In seven dramatic texts written by six Bosnian-Herzegovinian authors – Borivoje Jevtić, Štefa Jurkić, Nikola Šop, Nasko Frndić, Nada Đurevska, and Dževad Karahasan – from the perspective of the art of memory we follow the construction of literary imaginaria on the examples of three Bosnian-Herzegovinian Franciscans (Anđeo Zvizdović, Matija Divković and Ivan Frano Jukić). The paper examines the relationship between historic reality and fiction, where in history was an inspirational incentive for dramatic texts, with individual members of the Franciscan order transformed into a collective place of traumatic memory. For this conscious work on cultural memory we are to thank both the history of remembrance and memory (mnemohistory) and the motivational associative images that have been cultivated in literature and the historiography of literature for more than a century.

28

Authors: Senadin Musabegović

The text problematizes the connection between art and the power of technology. The question arises: how can photography as an art, created as a technical invention, respond to the challenges of technical power, which manifests itself as an unconditional desire for domination that knows no limits? The esthetician from Sarajevo, Sadudin Musabegović, understood the very power of photographic representation precisely through the figures of division: mimesis - poiesis - techne. Martin Heidegger's opinion on technique is connected with the figure offered by Musabegović. Sadudin Musabegović's aesthetic thought provides possible answers to the question: how is a man present in photography itself when the famous film critic Andre Bazin said that photography is the only art we enjoy because of an absence of a human? And what role does art play in overcoming the crisis established by technology in the modern world? In the 'age of mass reproduction', art itself has lost its aura, as Walter Benjamin states, and Musabegović adds that even the photographed being has lost its aura. The problem of losing the aura can also be understood as a new beginning, as a ‘new source’ for art itself. But for the source itself, Musabegović says that he finds himself in the flow, that he is always outside himself, he is in the intertwining, permeation that manifests itself in a dynamic, reversible, and moving figure: mimetic activity – making techne – productive poiesis. This text aims not only to explain the meaning of this figure, which Musabegović established originally within aesthetics, and especially in the field of photography and film, but also to analyze its meaning in the context of unmasking the logic of modern technical control, which marked a modern way of living, thinking, and perceiving the world.

10

Authors: Almir Bašović

This text is an introduction to the thematic block of the journal Social Sciences and Humanities Studies on the literary and theatrical aspects of Bosnian drama and theater. It recalls the presence of theatrical and sub-theatrical phenomena on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina in antiquity, and then lists the specifics of Bosnian culture in the Middle Ages, from which arises a specific relationship to drama and theater. The attitude of Islamic culture towards theater and drama significantly influenced the status that drama has even after the departure of the Ottoman Empire from Bosnia and Herzegovina. With the arrival of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, there are significant differences concerning European civic theater. Through the most important conclusions from the individual texts that make up this block, the status that Bosnian drama has in our theatrical culture is pointed out.

12

Authors: Marko Misirača

The text reviews the presence of Bosnian drama and prose literature on professional theater stages in BiH through performances that participated in the Theater Festival of BiH in Jajce in the last 50 years. Through an overview of the participation of performances at one of the most important state festivals, the presence of BiH plays in professional theaters in Bosnia is analyzed in the mentioned period - the treatment of BiH dramas by theaters as well as perceptions of them by the professional audience.

14

Authors: Marijana M. Prodanović, Valentina M. Gavranović

Assessing students’ progress and creating objective and reliable tests occupy an important place in the ELT sphere. This paper focuses on the analysis of the answers provided by a group of undergraduate students majoring in English. They responded to two grammar online tests assessing the knowledge of the verb tenses used in context. The analysis includes the comparison of the results obtained via the low-stakes test comprising fill-in type tasks, on the one hand, and the high-stakes test containing multiple-choice tasks on the other hand. This study aims at exploring which tense-related aspects the students find either the most or least demanding and whether there are similarities or differences in the outcomes gained from two different tests and task types. The findings show that the analyzed answers exhibit similar characteristics regardless of the format and type of testing. The pedagogical implications arising from this study point to the areas which could be improved in terms of specific uses of tenses in context.

16

Authors: Matija Bošnjak

In the literary and theatrical critique of his time (second half of the 20th century), Miodrag Žalica was recognized as a representative of symbolist poetics in Bosnian-Herzegovinian drama. The features of Žalica’s dramatic symbolism have, however, rarely been observed through analyzing the technique of his dramatic works in concreto. The Piece Mirišu li jorgovani u Njujorku, written in 1988, certainly represents the culmination of Žalica’s poetics, and is, in that sense, suitable for an analysis of the symbolic network as a specific trademark of his authorship with regards to the poetics of symbolism in European modern drama at the turn of the 19th to 20th century.

16

Authors: Tanja Kuštović

The 1375 Paris Miscellany and 1404 Hval’s Codex are the medieval codices created at the end of the 14th and the beginning of the 15th century, which means that they were written less than thirty years apart. Although the author of Hval’s codex was unlikely to have been familiar with the content of the Paris Miscellany, these two texts have a lot in common. This article attempts to bring out their similarities and differences. The author analyses the places of their origin, the locations of their safekeeping, the notaries, their purpose, material description, content, language, and script. To illustrate the linguistic parallels and contrasts between the two medieval codices, the author introduces the linguistic analysis of the Lord’s Prayer, which exists in both texts.

16

Authors: Selma Porobić, Senada Mujić, Edina Malkić, Maida Dedić, Ksenija Mujčević, Mahir Bečakčić, Tarik Hasanić, Enver Tursunović, Almedin Rizvić

The COVID-19 pandemic, or better known as the coronavirus pandemic, brought many challenges in education, and one of them was the transition to online teaching, that is. use of information and communication technologies in teaching. Information technology is a term that describes parts (hardware) and programs (software) that allow access to download, organize, manipulate and present information electronically, and communication technology (CT) is a term that describes telecommunications equipment that can send, receive information, search and access them. This research aimed to examine the subjective experience of teachers about personal competencies in the use of information and communication technology in teaching. The population of this research consists of primary school teachers in the area of Tuzla Canton, and the total sample consists of 138 respondents. An anonymous internet survey was used, which is distributed with the help of social networks “Facebook” and a Facebook group called “Prosvjeta TK”, which brings together educators from the Tuzla Canton area. In this paper, we assume that teachers assess their information and communication competencies as positive and they consider themselves competent in their use in the teaching process. It also explores aspects of teachers’ digital competencies as essential competencies for 21st-century education. The paper will provide insight into the personal perception of teachers regarding ICT competence, which is included in the fund of previous knowledge and theoretical knowledge. The results of this research could help understand and analyze further practices, decide on further steps to build teachers’ ICT competencies in and for the future of the school.

16

Authors: Amina Vatreš

In the era of distinctly new media-marked social reality, the process of dissemination of disinformation is becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. As one of the technological innovations that stands out in this field is the deepfake phenomenon – a hyper-realistic digital falsification of video and audio formats. Since it is based on the most sophisticated technology, supported by achievements in the field of artificial intelligence, deepfake unequivocally represents a kind of turning point in the context of production and distribution of fake audio-visual content. To poly perspective point to the multiple repercussions of this phenomenon, the paper provides a deeper insight into the very definition and the specific factors that contribute to the acceptance of deepfake, with special emphasis on its implications on reliable journalism and its social function. The text articulates the role of deepfake in the process of creating and receiving media content, as well as the problem of the emergence of erosion of public trust within a hyperreal media environment.

18

Authors: Olivera Pavičević, Ivana Stepanović, Ljeposava Ilijić

The paper is an attempt to redefine the concept of resilience in the context of changes taking place globally. One of the key changes was caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. It has shown the inadequacy of the neoliberal discourse of resilience that shifts responsibility to individuals who must be prepared to overcome the circumstances of crisis or shock. However, resilience can be seen in terms of solidarity, dignity and responsibility towards others. Resilience also implies strategies that involve large investments in public health, ecology and self-sustainable solutions to battle climate change that is causing infectious diseases. The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of the need to start creating a set of public policies that would imply an ethical evaluation related to the success or failure of treating others responsibly.

22

Authors: Hasan Zahirović

The Bosnian-Herzegovinian drama was occasionally performed on the Czechoslovak and Czech stages. The plots were not systematically translated, nor cultural-artistic contacts were planned, especially when it came to the twentieth century. With the arrival of students in the Czech Republic in the last two decades, systematic translation began, various stage readings were organized and Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature, including drama, began to be published. In the history of Czech theater, Ahmed Muradbegović was the first Bosnian dramatic who was tagged in Czechoslovakia, while the audience could also read contemporary playwrights, which were either published (Bašović, Imširević) or represented by theater agencies (Bukvić, Karahasan, Milenić, Šljivar). Text adaptations of Bosnian authors, dramalets, performances, and various stage events are presented and held in the Czech Republic thanks to the Bosnian community in Prague.

22

Authors: Moses Joseph Yakubu, Adewunmi James Falode

This work analyzes the protracted conflict between the Nigerian authority and Boko Haram from the perspectives of Karl Marx’s theory of economic determinism. It explores the financial interests of corrupt officials as a plausible explanation for unsuccessful counter-terrorism. It also argues that the major factor responsible for the intractable nature of the conflict is the material benefit that the political elites derive from its prolongation. The authors use the theory of economic determinism to vividly show how the ruling oligarchs in Nigeria have thwarted every attempt to end the conflict. Using the qualitative research methodology, the work tends to illustrate how the desire for massive and unbridled wealth accumulation drove the political and military elites in Nigeria to hinder every effort made to resolve the conflict between Nigeria and Boko Haram. In other words, the work reveals the crucial links between wealth accumulation and the prolongation of the Boko Haram conflict in Nigeria.

22

Authors: Damir Markulin

In this paper we have explored the influence of sculptures and paintings by the author of this article as an incentive for motivation and artistic work of preschool-age and school-age children with disabilities in inclusive education through the application of the qualitative research method of observation in all three phases of the method of aesthetic transfer: perception, reception, and reaction. The research was carried out at CIERI (Centre for research, education, development, and training) at the Hercegovina University in Mostar on a sample of 15 children with disabilities in inclusive education, whereof 7 boys (2 preschool-age and 5school-age children) and 8 girls (3 preschool-age and 5 school-age children). In research by using free conversation, we have examined attitudes and opinions about the use of works of fine art as an incentive for motivation and artistic expression of children on a sample of three experts in education and rehabilitation and three parents of preschool-age children with disabilities in inclusive education. By applying the method of analysis and comparative analysis we have determined positive influences of use of works of fine art on the motivation and artistic creation of children with disabilities in inclusive education regardless of age: influence on increased motivation to work, choice of motives, more intensive use of colors and tonal painting, playful composition solutions and the making of complex art volumes. The research has determined that the boys prefer making three-dimensional shapes more than the girls. The research has shown positive attitudes and opinions of the educational and rehabilitation experts and parents towards the use of the mentioned works of art as an incentive for the artistic creation of children.

24

Authors: Gabriel Pinkas

This paper presents the results obtained on a sample of 467 teachers from 25 elementary schools in the wider city area of Tuzla. The subject of the research was the relationship between the principal leadership styles, as perceived by teachers, and the work motivation of teachers, through the perception of the school climate as a potential determinant of this relationship. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), the Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers (WTMST), and the School Level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ) were used to collect data. The obtained results indicate that the principal leadership style, perceived by teachers, affects teacher motivation directly, and indirectly, through the teachers’ perception of the school climate. This, however, explains a small part of the total variance of motivation, which suggests that motivation is mostly determined by the sum of other factors.

24

Authors: Dejan Đorđić, Ruženjka Šimonji Černak, Mila Beljanski

The results of researches on distance teaching from the teacher’s aspect during the state of emergency are presented in this paper, there are the teachers of primary schools, from the territory of Vojvodina (Serbia). The aim is to answer questions about how the respondents assess competencies for distance learning, job satisfaction, and how demanding are the different teaching platforms. The sample consisted of 574 teachers. The questionnaire The teacher’s and educator’s thoughts and experiences on distance teaching during the state of emergency was used. The questionnaire was distributed online. The data was collected from April 2020 until the end of the school year. Respondents assess that they have technical and IT competencies, acquired in informal education and that they need further education. Distance teaching is a professional challenge and is stressful, and the vast majority of respondents prefer regular teaching. The stress level is higher, more work, student engagement, and clarity of expectations from teachers are reduced. Respondents most often used already known communication channels during distance teaching: mail and Viber.

28

Authors: Dženeta Omerdić

Before the socio-political communities are posted, a very demanding task of defining the subject on whose name will behalf political power is implemented over a given state territory. However, the question about the subject of sovereignty should in no case be misunderstood as an issue of simply theoretical approach. The level of a state’s democracy, as well as its ability to realize internal and external sovereignty, depends entirely on fact: does the power belong to the People and whether it derives from the People. In other words, the issue of popular sovereignty is a substantial, constitutive element of modern democratic states. When we speak about contemporary Bosnia and Herzegovina, the functionality of the entire state government is often hindered by the complex decision-making processes at all state levels which lead to obstruction of the entire decision-making process. Such a dysfunctional decision-making process on the state level poses a threat and disables the Bosnian plural society to respond to the modern challenges of a democratic functioning state. The legal nature of Bosnian society is determined by the existence of constituent people who have “usurped” the entire decision-making process. There is still no end in sight to the struggle that leads to an oligarchy of the ruling elites; furthermore, there is still no appropriate socio-political mechanism that will enhance the accountability of the representatives to their voters; it is still inconceivable that decisions of state authorities are effectively and consistently implemented throughout the national territory. In other words, there is still no appropriate mechanism that will enhance the principle of popular sovereignty. It is necessary to “offer” Bosnia and Herzegovina’s pluralism and its political tradition a form of democratic authority which in no way should be a cliché. Furthermore, it may not be one of the “copy-paste” models of democratic authority. Currently, citizens of B&H are completely suspended (de facto, there are only citizens of entities). In the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbs are suspended, while in the Republika Srpska, Bosniacs and Croats cannot equally participate in the decision-making process. An unfinished process of implementation of the Dayton Agreement and, in particular, Annex 4 (the Constitution of B&H), whose provisions permit discrimination against the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the impossibility of the realization of the principle of equality in the exercise of universal suffrage), as well as the non-application of the Decision of the European Court of Human Rights contributes and is conducive to further segmentation of Bosnian society.

30

Authors: Andraž Teršek

At the time of the official Coronavirus, 2020-2021 Pandemic emergency measures and general restrictions on the freedom of movement and the other fundamental human and constitutional rights and freedoms were and still are in place. The question of what kind of world will we enter after the official end of the Pandemic was quickly raised. The problem of fear intensified. This is not only a social problem but also a legal one: people have a fundamental human right to protection against fear. The absolute short-term priorities of public administration in all EU and Council of Europe Member States will have to be focused on ensuring that fear and anxiety do not become a new epidemic. Concern for the efficiency and quality of the public health system should be strengthened and improved. Including mental health care and suicide prevention, care for the well-being of the elderly and terminally ill, people with disabilities (in general and disabled workers), care for children, especially children with special needs, and care for large, diversified, and quality palliative care. Also, a need exists for a changed and improved legal policy regarding the system of education, scientific research, and employment. Last but not least, care must be taken not to take fundamental human rights and freedoms for granted. The health crisis will result in a new economic crisis. It should not be accepted as the end of the Welfare (Social) State. It is a new opportunity to defend social and economic human rights and to create the common European Welfare State. Right now, new ideas are needed –even crazy ideas. We need a kind of utopia. And faith and hope in it, which will be the driving force of active action. The experience of the Pandemic must not prevent or take this away from us.

10

Authors: Amra Džajić, Sena Družić, Dijana Sulejmanović

Statistical reports show that there is an increasing number of registered juvenile delinquents in the society of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of this paper is to stimulate interest in better and more extensive research and study of this phenomenon and possible relevant solutions in the resocialization of juvenile delinquents. Many aspects and perspectives on the occurrence of juvenile delinquency permeate this work, with a special accent on the importance of quality and consistent provision of post-penal protection to juveniles with delinquent behavior.

12

Authors: Amina Vatreš

Positioning one of the crucial dimensions of recent global society - global interdependence in the center of interest, the essential goal of this paper is primarily to reflect on the communication potential of global risks as a new reflection of interdependence within McLuhan’s global village. The paper explains how the media’s reduction of the world to the level of a global village has affected and transformed the relevant determinants of various risks, but also the process by which different societies cooperate and communicate to deal with them effectively. Speaking primarily from the perspective of global interdependence, as a product of a globalized-driven change in the communicative-technological-social paradigm, the paper is oriented towards theoretical consideration of the position of risk as a communication phenomenon in the modern age.

14

Authors: Maja Žmukić

The goal of this research is to examine and determine whether the teaching of art studies is realized according to the current curriculum in the primary school grades III and IV grade. The sample consists of 214 students and 10 teachers. The research methods selected for deriving relevant conclusions are a descriptive method, theoretical analysis method, historical method, and experimental method. Results obtained through a survey questionnaire, related to the surveyed teachers, about whether they represent fields of art equally in their art classes, are that they answered in the representation of 100%, as well as the majority of students (96.26%) who answered affirmatively to the same question. During the experiment, 80% of students encountered graphics for the first time, so in this case, the answers in the first survey for teachers and students did not match the current situation in the school. In answering the question of what most art classes are about, the majority of students (82.71%) answered drawing, while the remaining 18.69% answered that they usually paint. According to the students, the areas of art are not equally represented in teaching, as shown by the results of a survey conducted among teachers. With this paper, it has been determined that graphics, as an art discipline, even though it is planned by the primary education’s curriculum with an exact number of hours, is not fulfilled or equally represented in the art studies.

16

Authors: Lejla Tekešinović

The paper discusses two elliptical constructions introduced by subordinators of reason. These structures lack some of the main sentential elements, which is why it is difficult to consider them complete subordinate reason clauses as they are usually translated into the Bosnian language. Therefore, while at the same time analyzing the examples of these constructions in the French language, the author is also considering their translation equivalents in Bosnian, proposing a possibility of resorting to more precise translation equivalents in terms of the elliptical structure parce que / puisque + attribut.

18

Authors: Rijad Delić

The paper analyzes the organization of local self-government in the Republic of Kosovo through the prism of the Constitution, the Law on Local Self-Government, and other laws that affect the work and functioning of municipalities. In the social context, local self-government is very important. Citizens exercise most of their rights through the competencies of local self-government. With the European Charter of Local Self-Government, the Council of Europe has set the standards of local self-government that are implemented by its members. Kosovo is not a member of the Council of Europe, but through UNMIK regulations and its normative acts, it applies the standards of the Charter. The Republic of Kosovo, with the help of the international community and non-governmental organizations, strives to become a modern, democratic state and a member of the European Union. Along the way, Kosovo is implementing the reforms needed to comply with EU acts. In addition to presenting the organization of local self-government in Kosovo, this paper intends to determine the extent to which the Law on Local Self-Government is harmonized with the European Charter of Local Self-Government.

18

Authors: Lamija Silajdžić

Given that recordings of wars, terrorist attacks, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and other tragic and catastrophic events have become commonplace and ubiquitous in the modern mediated world, this paper questions the importance and role of the media as a mediator in distributing these recordings to the public. The role of the media in providing credible information in situations of crisis is very important, but also difficult, especially when it comes to live reporting, when there is no possibility to control the situation and when no one can know whether we will see death or hear it live. The paper uses a case-study of two regional news televisions (N1 and Al Jazeera Balkans) reporting on the earthquake inPetrinja (Croatia), to show the weight of dilemmas and challenges that a journalist faces when he experiences, sees, and records a tragic event, and must report about it immediately - ethically, professionally and objectively. The aim of the paper is therefore to point out the reality of the journalistic profession in which sometimes, not with the intention of relativizing journalistic objectivity, there may still be a gap between ideals and practice.

21

Authors: Nehrudin Rebihić

Although of little aesthetic significance, the song ˝Ostante se tutuna˝ šejh Hasan Kaimija has been the subject of various controversies in the Bosnian scientific community for a whole century. This paper aims to show how the poem, from its first publication until modern times, has been used as an “ally” to deny or support certain narratives. As the central theme of all the texts in the dispute throughout the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century, the “thesis of Bogumilism” was imposed, apropos whether Kaimija could have known about Bogumils in the 17th century. The text is mostly used as an “ally” in historiography, identity theory, economics, religion, and only to some extent in literary history. Also, the aim was to show how the poem figured in these discourses, and especially the “controversial verses”, but also what kind of interpretation and valorization poem had in different historical contexts.

22

Authors: Lejla Muratović, Amer Ćaro

The implementation of inclusive education in practice results in greater complexity of the teacher's role, andpre-professional teacher's training imposes new approaches, values and expectations. The initial education is the first step in teachers’ professional training. Training of future teachers for competent performance in the field of inclusive practice should be one of the priorities in the development of curricula and programs of initial teacher's education. The aim of this research was to determine the possibilities of initial teacher's education for the acquisition and development of inclusive competencies. To obtain the necessary data, we used the documentation analysis procedure. We analyzed the initial teacher’s education programs at the University ˝Dzemal Bijedic˝ of Mostar, the University of Tuzla and the University of Zenica. The analysis of initial teacher’s education programs showed inconsistencies in the number and representation of subjects relevant to inclusive education at three universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, lack of cross-curricular approach to inclusive education, and lack of integration of theoretical and practical participation in curricula intended for the development of inclusive competencies. The obtained results imply the direction of changes within the initial teacher education program that would lead to the more efficient acquisition of inclusive competencies of future teachers.

24

Authors: Nusreta Kepeš

A framework law on preschool education in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2007 requires all preschool institutions to apply and practice inclusion as well as the compulsory preschool education in a year before children start school. The same law emphasizes that children with developmental disabilities should be included in preschool institutions according to programs adapted to their individual needs. Namely, the goal of applying inclusion in kindergartens is directed towards giving every child the opportunity to progress following their abilities. In that sense, to realize inclusion it is necessary to provide important preassumptions such as curriculum, methods of work, didactic tools, professionally educated team, and permanent assistants in individual assistance. Children with developmental difficulties deal with additional discrimination because most preschool institutions do not have the above-mentioned preassumptions for work and they are often excluded from the educational process. To find the solution to this problem, the focus of this paper is aimed at choosing a curriculum that will enable each child with an equal opportunity in life. In this context, a group of experts who completed the Montessori specialization have created the Integrated Preschool Adaptive Curriculum (IPAC) that is intended for inclusive kindergarten groups. The basis for its development was the contextual and dynamic assessment of abilities, knowledge, and skills of children who attended kindergarten a year earlier and worked according to the methodology of Montessori teaching and techniques. In this paper, we intend to present the results of a three-year study that was based on examining the impact of the Integrated Preschool Adaptive Curriculum (IPAC) on children's readiness to go to school. Readiness in this context considers reaching a certain degree of maturity in cognitive, socio-emotional, and physical development as well as in specific abilities in the cultural, hygienic, and work habits domain.

26

Authors: Zerina Brkić

Noun compositions portray a model of word formation where at least two independent words are combined to a new one. Modern German is rich in noun compositions and because of that, this phenomenon is very frequent in use. This available contribution is aiming to analyze this model of word formation in the German teen magazine Bravo. Considering the classification of noun compositions, it is to say that it was followed by the theory of Fleischer and Barz (1995). As a research object, teenage slang was chosen for its classification as language variety and its playful language structure. On top of that, we analyzed 10 news reports from "Deutsche Welle" to recognize if there are any differences between teenage slang and media language.

26

Authors: Merjem Sušić

This article aimed to make a theoretical review of the importance of ICT education of teachers in service of preparation for more efficient performances required by their profession in the context of general globalization changes they are exposed to. In that sense, a review of the advantages of ICT utilization and the requirements of lifelong learning which sets informatical skills as an imperative had been presented, emphasizing the role of teachers, since it requires working on self-improvement, as well as directing others towards competent, critically observed and purposeful usage of modern technological achievements. Some of the priorities for the development of higher education in B&H have been presented, where in the context of scientific research work for the 2016-2026 period, providing all of the public higher education institutions with ICT equipment is planned, which indicates that the teachers working in these institutions must possess the competencies for their utilization, especially because institutions of higher education should play the role of one of the main promoters of lifelong learning.

26

Authors: Damir Šehanović

This article discusses the Balkan narrative in the movies, as a model for cultural diplomacy or propaganda, through the analysis of two Balkan movies nominated for the Best International FeatureFilm Oscar – Bosnian Quo Vadis Aida? and Serbian Dara from Jasenovac. The analysis is based on"film cards“, a methodological template of the author's research for the doctoral thesis, but also on thearticles of journalists, film critics, and political analysts published in the period January 4th, 2021 -March 4th, 2021. In the analysis of the movies and the published texts, the author discusses various forms of public diplomacy (foreign and domestic), building/dismantling of the relations between nations in the Balkans, online media impact on social networks and their users informing public opinion, and achieving effective goals through strategic communication with the targeted public. Conclusions drew point to the importance and the power of online communication through the media and social networks, but also at their importance of strategic planning of the communication with targeted audiences in achieving the planned goals.