BAR - Brazilian Administration Review

22

Authors: Marco Antonio Catussi Paschoalotto , José Eduardo Ferreira Lopes, Pedro Henrique de Oliveira, Pedro Pita Barros

This article analyzes the differences between public and private health services regarding infrastructure and human resources at the state (subnational) and macro-regional levels in Brazil. The research collected monthly data on inpatient beds and the number of nurses, physiotherapists, and doctors from Brazilian states for 2020. Indicators were created following quarterly changes and comparing the actions of public and private healthcare entities. Variations were analyzed using temporal graphs based on means and standard deviation. The findings suggest: (1) exponential growth in health care infrastructure and human resources led by public sector investment in the second quarter, followed by a slowdown; (2) a more significant variation in the acceleration and deceleration of the public sector response in the North of Brazil and the states of Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte, and the Federal District; (3) the public sector was the primary response mechanism to the pandemic considering the variations throughout the year. The study concludes that the government was the leading actor in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil in 2020, pointing out that responses were uneven in the states.

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Authors: Ana Paula Pereira dos Passos, Eleandra Maria Prigol Meneghini, Jeferson Lana, Marina Amado Bahia Gama

Objective: our study verifies the panorama of scientific publications on nonmarket strategy (NMS) in the management area. We analyze the theoretical perspectives, nonmarket actions, and empirical contexts of the publications. Method: the research includes 10 databases, which resulted in 19,685 papers. We used alignment, duplication, and qualification filters, leaving 144 studies from the best journals in the world, according to the Academic Journal Guide (ABS). Results: we observed the predominance of a single theoretical perspective per publication; there were few that applied more than one theory concomitantly. These publications explore different nonmarket actions, such as lobbying, political donations, advocacy, and philanthropy, with 58% considering the context of developed countries, 26% of emerging countries, and 16% depicting more than one country with different levels of development. Conclusions: we perceive inconsistencies between recurrent calls in the field and empirical studies carried out, highlighting the lack of interaction of market strategies and NMSs and exploration of the relationships between corporate political activity (CPA) and corporate social responsibility (CSR). Thus, we contribute to the understanding of the evolution of NMS, through the description of the schematic model of previous research and understanding of theories, actions, and contexts studied.

26

Authors: Camila Müller, Angela Scheffer, Janaina Macke, Marcia Cristiane Vaclavik

Objective: this study analyses how international literature informs the discussion of sustainability within career scope. Method: we conducted a systematic literature review through the Web of Science database and analyzed 152 papers with the sustainable-career-related keywords: resilience, systems, and ecosystem. By exploring the conceptual foundations of these concepts that have evolved in the context of career sustainability over the last three decades, we identified six clusters of different theoretical approaches. Results: these are the interplay of social spaces in the development of sustainable or unsustainable career paths; need for an open-systems perspective for organizational career management; significance of personal attributes and individual behaviors in career sustainability development; addressing satisfaction and well-being in work and life spheres; external and internal career mobility in complex environments; and contemporary sustainability challenges and their implications for careers, cities, and governments. Conclusion: based on the findings, we established six assumptions that may guide future empirical research in this field.

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Authors: Fernanda Souto Machado, Vinicius Costa da Silva Zonatto, Larissa Degenhart, Debora Londero Kieling, Márcia Bianchi

This research analyzed the enabling cognitive effects of vertical information sharing on psychological capital, managerial attitudes, and managerial performance of professional controllers. A descriptive and quantitative survey was carried out with 267 professionals in the controllership area of companies operating in Brazil. In the context of the budget, the results indicate that, with the sharing of information between superiors and subordinates, the psychological capacities of these professionals are promoted, stimulating self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism, dimensions that comprise psychological capital. People with a positive state of psychological development enhanced their involvement in work, reflecting positively on attitudes that promote performance in the tasks under their responsibility. The research contributes by providing new evidence of the effects of information sharing in companies operating in Brazil on the psychological capital of controllers and the intervening effects of the psychological capabilities of these professionals in the existing relationship between information sharing and managerial performance, which occurs through the promotion of proactive managerial attitudes toward budgeting and engagement at work, which positively reflect on managerial performance.

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Authors: Sérgio Begnini, Carlos Eduardo Carvalho, Carlos Ricardo Rossetto

Objective: this study aimed to analyze the moderating role of the firm’s participation level in a cluster in the relation between absorptive capacity and economic, social, and environmental sustainability practices. Methods: data were collected through a survey applied to 417 small and medium-sized firms participating in clusters. Results: results indicate that the absorptive capacity influences positively and directly the adoption of economic, social, and environmental sustainability practices. Such relations are moderated by the firm’s level of participation in a cluster. Conclusions: we conclude that it is vital for the firm to seek external information and use it in line with the information and resources it already has to generate economic, social, and environmental sustainability practices. In addition, firms with a higher level of participation in a cluster are more likely to grow, establish partnerships, carry out innovation, and increase productivity.

34

Authors: Fabio Frezatti, Daniel Magalhães Mucci, Diógenes de Souza Bido

Objective: the accuracy of planning and control artifacts is fundamental for bringing assertiveness to the organizational management process. The utility of the artifacts is questioned when the desired accuracy is missing. This research aims to identify the relationship between the artifact structure, the market assumptions, and the accuracy of the performance variables with a view to adapting the artifact profile to the desired impact over performance accuracy. Methods: this is a quantitative study based on convenience sampling and the data analysis methods used were structural equation modeling and necessary condition analysis. Results: within a sufficiency logic, the results support adherence between the planning and control artifacts, but not their relationship with performance accuracy. However, when analyzing the necessity logic, the artifacts become a necessary condition for a high level of performance accuracy. Conclusions: we show that the planning and control structure is consistent for achieving accuracy, but defining the desired level of deviation tolerance is a fundamental condition for the efficiency level of the management process. The more demanding the organization is in terms of deviation tolerance, the greater the need for artifacts.

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Authors: Lucas Silvestre de Carvalho, Diogo de Siqueira Camargo Vasconcelos, Márcio Marcelo Belli, Luiz Eduardo Gaio, Gleison Lopes Fonseca

The evolution of the economic context has intensified competition in retail, creating new challenges for companies. Among these challenges are the difficulty of measuring the results of marketing activities, the inconsistency in the sources of information, and the disregard of the temporal characteristics of the returns on these investments. Considering that this context may differ depending on a country’s stage of development, the objective of this study is to analyze the impact of marketing investments on the value of companies. To this end, Tobin’s Q was used as a financial variable and the sample was divided into two groups to discriminate between developed and developing countries. The sample included 1,872 companies from 97 countries. The technique used for analysis was a hierarchical multilevel model of panel data. The results reveal that investment in marketing has a positive relationship with the financial indicator Tobin’s Q, and the impact of such investments in developing countries is greater than it is in developed countries. Thus, from the results of this work, it can be concluded that marketing investments have a beneficial potential for societies, especially those that are in economic environments considered to be in development.

25

Authors: Daniel Magalhães Mucci, Franciele Beck, Angélica Ferrari

This study investigates the association between SEW and EO, considering the moderating role of the generation that is involved in family businesses, considering that EO might benefit from the entrepreneurial and affective attitudes of the first generations. We collected a survey with a final sample of 107 family firms from the textile and clothing manufacturing industry in Brazil. As data analyses, we employed variance-based structural equation modeling using SmartPLS. Our results provide evidence that SEW is positively associated with EO’s three dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking; however, we only found a moderation effect of the generational stage for the relationship between SEW and innovativeness and risk-taking. We show that a high SEW effect on risk-taking is stronger for family firms in later generations than first generations. For higher levels of innovativeness, the level of SEW seems to be relevant only for later-generation family firms. We contribute to the literature on EO antecedents focusing on SEW and the differences in the generational stages. This study also provides insights into how family firms can nurture EO during different generational stage developments, considering family-centric nonfinancial goals.

31

Authors: Luiz Antonio Joia, Valéria Cristina Salvador Torres

This study sets out to identify the social representation of information technology governance (ITG) according to information technology (IT) professionals. Empirical data were collected via online questionnaires answered by IT professionals, being subsequently analyzed by means of the social representation theory (SRT) operationalized via the words evocation technique and the four quadrants of the Vergès’ approach. As a result, it was identified that the central nucleus of the social representation of ITG comprises the following expressions: control, management, strategy, alignment, and planning. A cognitive dissonance between the definition of ITG according to the extant literature and the understanding of ITG according to IT professionals is then revealed. This fact can contribute to the total or partial failure of ITG initiatives, as the benefits promised in the existing literature or derived from the implementation of good practices in this domain are based on an ITG notion that is not fully understood by IT professionals. Therefore, recommendations are presented to align ITG theory with the perception of IT professionals on the subject.

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Authors: Rebeca da Rocha Grangeiro, Alessando Teixeira Rezende, Manoel Bastos Gomes Neto, Jailson Santana Carneiro, Catherine Esnard

This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure the queen bee phenomenon, present in women in positions of command who hinder the professional development of other women. In this article, the phenomenon is understood as a response to the social threat experienced by women who aspire to high positions in men’s organizations. The sample, of 495 women who worked in higher education institutions, was divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1; 248, MAge =44 years old) and Group 2 (G2; 247, MAge = 42 years old). These individuals answered the Queen Bee Phenomenon Scale (QBPS) and demographic questions. Considering the G1 participants, a principal component analysis was performed, which allowed the identification of a hexafactorial structure, explaining 60.5% of the total variance and presenting an overall internal consistency of 0.72. Subsequently, for the G2 participants, the adequacy of the QBPS hexafactorial structure was confirmed (CFI = 0.935, TLI = 0.923, and RMSEA = 0.049). It was concluded that there is evidence for both the validity of the factors and the internal consistency of the measure, which thus may be properly used in other studies.

25

Authors: Fernando Ressetti Pinheiro Marques Vianna, Alexandre Reis Graeml, Jurandir Peinado

This article intends to categorize different classifications used in the literature to distinguish among crowdsourcing platform types, based on their characteristics and intents. This is performed by means of a systematic literature review. The search for texts that combined the terms ‘crowdsourcing’ and ‘taxonomy,’ on the Google Scholar platform, resulted in 61 potential articles to be included in the corpus of the research, which were reduced to 13, after applying additional filtering. The study shows that taxonomies and classifications of platforms differ from author to author, each one of them adopting his/her own criteria and terminology. The 65 different crowdsourcing classifications that were found in the reviewed studies were reorganized in 16 groups, based on their characteristics. We believe that the current work contributes to the standardization of terminology and categorizations adopted in the literature and, therefore, to a better understanding of the crowdsourcing phenomenon.

32

Authors: Roberto Pessoa de Queiroz Falcão, Eduardo Picanço Cruz, Fábio de Oliveira Paula, Michel Mott Machado

This study provides evidence of possible sociodemographic characteristics that would influence the intention of Brazilian immigrants to engage in ventures in Canada. Data were collected through surveys released on Brazilian Facebook groups. A total of 675 Brazilian respondents living in Canada were triangulated with data from seven semi-structured interviews conducted in Canada and with two consulate officials. Survey data analysis was performed with logit equations to check relationships between entrepreneurial intention (EI) and variables — namely, gender, age upon arrival, level of education, length of stay in the country, student/work/tourist visa status upon arrival, and citizenship application status/permanent migration. The key results point to factors with a positive influence on the intention to venture: gender (being female) and all visa status and other variables were either non-significant or had a negative influence. Of the entrepreneurs, age upon arrival was a significant predictor. Variables such as level of education, time in the country, and tourist visa had a negative influence. This paper contributes theoretically by evidencing recent immigration patterns and variables related to entrepreneurial venturing in the Brazilian immigrant community in Canada, which may support mechanisms for attracting and fostering future entrepreneurs. Further comparative studies between other Brazilian and ethnic communities are proposed, including other variables.

23

Authors: Eladian Rodrigues, Wagner Lourenzani, Eduardo Satolo

The basis for application of new technologies in organizations is supported by the continuous analysis of data and information from multiple sources. Blockchain is one of the new technologies that, in association with the concepts and principles of Industry 4.0, could generate gains and improvements. Much has been said about the potential of blockchain technology, its benefits, and its disruptive impact in various areas, including supply chain management. In the academic field, however, the development of this topic is in full swing, as a growing number of scientific studies have been published without a heoretical convergence of their foundations, concepts, and authors being noted. Thus, considering the initial stage of the scientific debate of this object of analysis, this research aimed to understand the scenario of the adoption of blockchain in supply chain management based on academic publications evidencing its characteristics and benefits, through a systematic literature review. Due to profound analysis, characteristics and benefits of its application on supply chain management as transparency, confidence, information decentralization, and information security are disclosed in this study.

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Authors: João Akio Ribeiro Yamaguchi, Teresa Rachael Santos, André Pereira de Carvalho

Several renewable energy certificate (RECs) applications point out that the blockchain technology can be useful in ensuring the traceability and transparency of transactions, despite some barriers to its implementation, such as the legal and market development. However, it is not clear how the organizational positioning, in relation to its given market, influences the artifact developed. In this study, through design science research (DSR) and case study methodology, we structure the problem space of two different positioned organizations in the sustainability field, with blockchain-based applications to produce and trade RECs. We find out that: (a) the position of the organization in relation to other stakeholders changes the behavior of the technology adoption; (b) the technological solution preceded the perception of the problem; (c) organizations create different representations of the artifact for each stakeholder. We suggest other studies to deepen these findings in order to better develop theories that explain how organizations see their problem when developing technological solutions while using DSR.

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Authors: Fernanda da Silva Momo, Ariel Behr

This research aims to analyze the effects of the adoption of blockchain on information governance and transaction costs. We present an exploratory, quantitative, and qualitative study. In the first stage, quantitative, a theoretical model was developed and tested based on structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Data collection was carried out through an online survey with IT and management professionals involved in blockchain projects from different countries. In the second stage, qualitative, a multiple case study was carried out in order to llustrate how the relations of the developed model are established. In the quantitative phase, the study’s hypotheses were supported and it was observed that the adoption of blockchain technology can be seen as a mechanism to reduce transaction costs, since it has a positive impact on information governance. In the qualitative phase, it was observed that, in the three cases analyzed, characteristics such as information security, transparency, and the possibility.