European Journal of Psychological Studies

3-7

Authors: Ekaterina S. Medvedeva

Perinatal psychology is currently being studied in higher educational institutions only within the framework of a separate section of developmental psychology, where not enough hours are allocated for its development. In other forms, perinatal psychology acts as an additional professional education or is a commercial service of specialists in this field. However, modern problems with childbirth in society make us understand that this psychological direction should still be considered as a separate educational discipline of higher education with an appropriate number of academic hours for training future psychologists. In this regard, the preservation of the reproductive health of the population becomes especially important. At the same time, the unification of both psychological and medical knowledge and the discussion of interdisciplinary practice at the academic level becomes a prerequisite for high-quality pedagogical training of perinatal psychologists.

16-23

Authors: Hanna Ulunova, Oleksandra Ivleva, Аndrii E. Lebid

The article deals with the problem of gender peculiarities of the relationship between academic procrastination and academic perfectionism among higher education students in an online learning environment. Based on the results of the empirical study it was found that male and female students have similar indicators of academic procrastination, self-focused academic perfectionism, others-focused academic perfectionism, and socially prescribed academic perfectionism. At the same time, significant gender differences were recorded in the relationship between academic procrastination and types of academic perfectionism. Thus, female students have an inverse correlation between the indicators of academic procrastination and the indicators of self-perfectionism, as well as between the indicators of academic procrastination and the indicators of socially prescribed academic perfectionism. Male students showed direct correlation between academic procrastination and self-prescribed academic perfectionism, as well as between academic procrastination and other-oriented academic perfectionism.

3-9

Authors: Ekaterina S. Medvedeva

To date, the problem of the distribution of male and female roles in marriage is a pressing one. This factor is caused by the fact that there is a transformation of traditional family values, which leads to their destruction in society. The expanding globalization of the world, which is reflected in all spheres of society, also erodes centuries-old sociocultural traditions, which also affects the gender imbalance in the institution of the family. Despite the existing public position and a number of legislation to equalize the rights of men and women, there is still a gender advantage in an industry. Therefore, it becomes necessary to study the various personal and family problems affecting the harmonious development of society. The article studies the prevailing family attitudes of spouses with different types of personal scenario. It is based on generally accepted psychological methods related to the personal scenarios of couples and their family settings. The author selected an experimental group of 40 couples (40 men and 40 women) with 10 to 25 years of family life (middle and late marriage). Based on this study, the author analyses the role of conscious and unconscious attitudes in shaping perceptions of oneself related to gender identity in marital relationships. The experiment also provides an opportunity to see the distribution of roles in the family due to gender.

17-24

Authors: Hanna E. Ulunova, Andrii E. Lebid, Daiana Tarasiuk

The article is devoted to the problem of gender characteristics of the perceptual-analytical functional component of the culture of professional communication of civil servants. Based on the results of empirical research, it has been established that in the analytical perception and knowledge of colleagues, visitors and oneself as subjects of professional communication, the most significant differences between male civil servants and female civil servants are the orientation in professional communication and the acmeological invariants of a person's professionalism in professional communication. Indicators of psychological competence among male civil servants correlate with indicators of psychological literacy in professional communication, and among female civil servants – with indicators of orientation in professional communication. Constructs such as psychological literacy in professional communication and psychological competence in professional communication, as well as general indicators on the scale "Perceptual-analytical component of the culture of professional communication of civil servants" do not differ in male civil servants and female civil servants.

3-8

Authors: Hanna A. Chernyakova

The article covers the problem of parents using various coping strategies in teenager’s upbringing as one of the major factors that affects the parent-child relationships and the formation of the teenagers’ personality. The concept of coping is revealed, a brief excursion into the history of studying this phenomenon is carried out. Parental cognitive, emotional and behavioral coping strategies are considered from the point of view of their effectiveness in solving difficulties that arise in the process of upbringing. Adaptive, relatively adaptive and non-adaptive coping strategies are distinguished, with the characterization of behavioral options in various difficult situations. It is noted that adaptive coping strategies help to solve difficult situations quickly and successfully, relatively adaptive ones help only in certain situations, non-adaptive do not eliminate the stress, but strengthen it. The ambiguous nature of relatively adaptive coping strategies is determined. In some cases relatively adaptive coping strategies can lead to a successful solution of a problem situation, in other – to its complication. The analysis of the research results of individual ways of coping in stressful situations that deals with the teenager’s upbringing is also presented. The possibility of increasing the effectiveness of parents' coping behavior by developing their personal characteristics that affect the choice of coping strategies is considered.

3-10

Authors: Irina V. Kobryanova

The article examines the personal characteristics of military doctors with different types of behavior in a conflict. Military doctors are most likely to implement strategies of cooperation and compromise in conflict situations. Doctors who are inclined to cooperate in the conflict, generally have no accentuation, except on anxiety and exaltation scales, while at the same time, those surveyed who are inclined to implement a compromise strategy noted accentuation on a number of scales (hyperthymic, stuck, pedantic, cyclotypic, demonstrative and excitable). For military doctors with a cooperative style of behavior in a conflict situation, a higher level of empathic abilities is characteristic.

19-24

Authors: Natalia N. Teslyk, Dariia V. Berezhna

The features of stigmatization of sex offenders depending on the mechanisms of psychological protection of the individual are considered. The interrelations between the psychological defence of the individual and his tendency to stigma are substantiated and proved. The tendency to distance from criminals arises as a limitation of the risks of social interaction. The mechanism of psychological defence distorts attitude and behavioural reactions in a special way. The features of the perception of the situation of a sexual crime by individuals are analysed depending on their propensity for certain psychological defence mechanisms. The high level of stigma for sex offenders is proved. The negative perception context of criminals increases depending on the type of crime. The article identified specific manifestations of stigma among students and graduate students on the basis of age, as well as gender-specific stigma.

4-11

Authors: Anton V. Fefilov

The psychological types in C.G. Yung, H.J. Eysenck, M. Lusher, N. Herrmann and M.J. Chalvin’ theories are analyzed. Extraversion and introversion, logical and intuitive intellectual processes, neurotismus and psychotismus, heteronomous, homonomous (autonomous), as basically definitionsand its genesis are discussed. Principally new individual characteristics’ typologies and psycho diagnostics methods are analyzed and discussed too.

21-26

Authors: Elena A. Volodarskaya

Тhe work is devoted to discussion of new requirements for competences of research scientists in the new conditions of functioning of domestic science. The position of competence approach refers to such aspects as the skills progress of scientific knowledge in connection with the integration of science and education, communicative methods of persuasive influence and conflict resolution in the framework of the negotiation process, ability to organize and conduct educational tours within the scientific and educational tourism. If previously it was about interpersonal communication with colleagues within the research team, but now the emphasis is transferred to the communication scholar, not only with representatives of other fields of knowledge, but by laymen as interested in scientific knowledge (knowledge-intensive business), as well as with representatives of public authorities , the media and the public. It involves the development of communication skills, skills persuasive impact, the resolution of conflicts within the framework of the negotiation process. These competences are for the most part new to the traditional teachings. New competencies demanded of the scientist based on changes of the education system and of training scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel. The creation of research universities is associated with increased integration of science and education, transfer of accumulated knowledge as they say "first hand", from the researcher to student-student. In this regard, the professionally important quality of a scientist is his ability to simply and clearly explain complex to adapt, but not to dilute the essence of the subject. It is important to be able to inspire, to interest the younger generation. It is important not only erudition and intelligence, but also enthusiasm, personal charisma and leadership. Modern technology aimed at improving human life; affect the ethical, moral, philosophical issues, i.e. social aspects of the expression. The social side of scientific and technological progress becomes a full element of techno science, particularly in the form of bioethics, Nanette. In this regard, the most important function of the scientific community becomes a scientific education, and promotion of knowledge about the possibilities of the current level of technological development. Therefore, the competence of the promotion of their own research interests not only among fellow scientists, but also in a wider social circle, it seems relevant and significant. One of the areas of promotion, popularization of the science in general, and the Russian Academy of Sciences is a scientific tourism. In Soviet times, "scientific tourism", as an independent direction came in 1980 at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Geographical Society as part of the local history and tourism of the Presidium of the Company subsequently converted to the Commission, the Commission of scientific tourism. Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute has developed a system, expeditions parks, stations, etc., are actively involved in activities to attract a wide range of people to visit these scientific forms. To this end, Russian Academy of Sciences jointly with the Russian International Academy of Tourism created a scientific agency tours whose main task is to ensure that the results of the original Russian explorers became the property to not only fellow professionals but also a wide range of stakeholders in the scientific knowledge of the fans. The new competence of the Russian scientists is manifested in the ability to organize and conduct this type of innovative tours in the framework of scientific tourism. Form of self-actualization for a scientist can be as follows: first, the demonstration and qualified explanation about scientific objects; secondly, the attraction of tourists as assistants in the restoration work, archaeological expeditions, biological studies, in the reserves; third, the cooperation with scientists from independent scientific research tourists. The role of RAS and scientists – to provide interesting, reliable, attractive. This activity differs considerably from traditional scientific research. The Scientific formed among other researchers, learning the traditions of scientific research and personal knowledge, broadcast in the texts, scientific communication with colleagues, and therefore it is important to determine not only what should be a future scientist. However, to understand what the requirements are to have already formed scientists continue to work in science. From the standpoint of the competence approach, the level of education in modern conditions is determined not so much by the amount of knowledge, their encyclopedic character, as the ability to solve professional problems and tasks of different complexity based on existing knowledge. Тhe substantial component of science - it is an internal logic of its development, associated today with interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary, technologization, a change of attitude of the scientist and nature. The socio-cultural context is associated with the strengthening of requirements for scientific productivity, organization and management science. Which resulted in radical reform of the RAS. All these phenomena have impact on individual level in changes of important psychological personality characteristics of effective scientist, in particular, of new professional competences. Social psychology of science, drawing on the rich theoretical, methodological and empirical baggage, takes into account and describes new trends in the functioning of science as a social institution, the individual scientist and research groups, allowing it to retain its social relevance and predictability.