Revista Visión Electrónica: algo más que un estado sólido

159-170

Authors: Nancy Edith Ochoa Guevara, Nelson Felipe Rosas Jiménez, Carlos Iván Camargo Bareño, Luceli Castillo Quintero

This article presents the design and implementation of an embedded system called TES ROv2.0 non-invasive, capable of capturing and transmitting relevant biomedical signals such as: electrocardiography signals, heart rate, oxygen saturation in the blood and arterial pressure with the Support from the Clinical Information System called "SARURO", in which a detailed process of these biomedical signals is visualized and carried out by a doctor or specialist, without direct contact with the patient. Therefore, researchers have been able to affirm that integrated systems are tools that offer great versatility in the medical information market, allowing acquisition, adaptation, transformation in remote places, without linking operation to a single communication alternative, making the Telemonitoring system more versatile in its functionality to transmit over WPAN, WLAN, LAN and CELULARE networks.

177-184

Authors: Richard Camilo Bravo Angarita, Ivan Fernando Vargas Ochoa, Cesar Augusto Peña Cortes

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) occurs in 16% of the Colombian student population and estimates that between 30-70% of these children continue to show symptoms in adulthood. Thus, a tool is proposed for the professional to support his diagnosis according to the criteria offered by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DMS). An omnidirectional platform is implemented, striking for its design, for children, adolescents and that becomes a concentration challenge for adults. With an Electroencephalography (EEG) helmet a brain wave reading is made; with the help of a Computer Brain Interface (BCI) you can have the reading of facial gestures, having said reading is implemented to control the omnidirectional platform, with the same BCI you also have the reading of concentration, stress, excitation, etc. of individuals; Thus, the professional in the area can support his diagnosis according to several factors, such as: EEG interpretation, emotional data (concentration, stress, excitement ...), and the observation of the individual. The evaluation of the patient makes the health professional, generating some challenges to overcome the platform and interpreting the different data according to their professional criteria.

19-25

Authors: Jesica Liceth Talero-Maldonado, Ricardo Alonso Espinosa-Medina

The mathematical modeling of the physiological behavior of extraocular muscles in ocular rotation, contributes to the learning of the oculomotor system and the development of technologies for the control of devices, through the precise prediction of the ocular displacement path. We propose in this article a mechanical model of eye movement, which incorporates the physiological properties of extraocular muscles in the force-elongation relationship and the action of agonist and antagonist muscles. An easy to understand model is presented that allows the analysis of forces applied in muscle contraction, the variation of extraocular muscle length, which generates rotation of the eye and the vector interpretation of the direction in the space towards which the eye directs the view, in movements of adduction, abduction, elevation and depression. The proposed model allows a simplification of the mathematical description, compared with other models, in relation to the action of the mechanical elements (springs and dampers) that represent the anatomical and physiological components of the contractile mechanics of the extraocular muscles. The implementation of the proposed model could serve in the future in the development of technologies that emulate horizontal or vertical eye movements for the control of devices.

35-42

Authors: Brayan Eduardo Tarazona-Romero, Álvaro Campos-Celador, Yecid Alfonso Muñoz-Maldonado, Camilo Leonardo Sandoval-Rodríguez, Javier Gonzalo Ascanio-Villabona

The development of a prototype linear solar collector Type Fresnel, has a purpose the use of direct solar heat radiation for water heating and/or steam production, as an alternative to supply conventional water heating systems or steam generators, which consume energy from fossil fuels. For the development of the system, used the solar radiation of the UTS, located in Bucaramanga, Colombia, is identify the mathematical models to perform the sizing, then materials based on technical specifications and availability in Colombia, in order to perform the assembly and field tests, measuring the ambient and in the collector temperature to determine the efficiency of the model. It should be noted that, the model presented does not have a control system for flow, temperature, pressure and level, it has no solar tracking of any kind; Its movement was done manually with each reflex. Finally, the model does not have a hydraulic system forced, and has a preheater at the entry of the concentration point.

247-253

Authors: Juan Camilo Conto-Campis, Jessica Marlen Ortiz-Guzmán, Ivonne Angélica Castiblanco-Jiménez, Johan Enrique Ortiz-Guzmán

It is given that in Bogota public transport system moves approximately 29.18% of the population, it is essential to ensure that the features of the service provision are the most appropriate for its users; for example, the support bars inside the vehicle are not at an adequate height according to the physical characteristics of the users, generating risks within the vehicles. Due to this failure has not been resolved in its entirety by the service provider is important to implement a method that allows adequate grip to the fasteners, considering this, the project aims to develop a system of grip and support that reduces the risks of physical damage to the user during his trip. This system will allow users who are in the orthostatic position (standing) to anchor themselves in a simple way of the elements incorporated in the vehicle. The development process was carried out using a combination of the Ulrich and Schnarch methodologies.

262-273

Authors: Ernesto Jair Eguis-Eslava, Kelly Marcela Padilla-García, Luis Alberto López-Díaz, José Daniel Soto-Ortiz, Rafael Castillo-Sierra, Mauricio Pardo-González, Cesar Augusto Orozco-Henao, Elvin Arnaldo Jiménez-Matos, Ingrid Oliveros-Pantoja

This article presents analysis of the operation results of a modied IEEE-13 distribution feeder, which was built to scale in the laboratory at the Universidad del Norte. In this article, we show the operating regime cases of the modied IEEE-13, under dierent levels of wind energy penetration. A modied IEEE-13 distribution feeder was built, considering the functionality of each scaled module and its generator-load under the Universidad del Norte laboratory conditions. An experimental methodology was used to compare the results obtained in the actual scaled model with the results of specialised programme simulations. The conclusions describe the amount of wind energy that can be injected into an electrical system that includes conventional power generation, while maintaining operation in compliance with the current regulatory framework.

280-288

Authors: Vanessa Cruz-Carbonell, Ricardo Andrés Castillo-Estepa

This paper describes a quadrupedal architecture assembly process using the modular robotic system Mecabot. Several possible topologies are considered, justifying the nal design that allows using an active column. Based on this, a mathematical model of control is proposed to perform movements of displacement, open turn and rotation. The locomotion proles for the rst two movement modalities are bioinspired. For the rotation modality, a characteristic quadrupedal robot transition is used to allow the correct rotation without using a large number of degrees of freedom. The proposed control model was deployed in a robot tested on structured and unstructured terrains by measuring its speed as a function of the movement frequency variation. For the open turn modality, the turn radius was measured as a function of the oset variation. Based on the test results, the second Mecabot conguration with legs was nally obtained, complementing our research work on apodal (snake, wheel caterpillar) and hexapod congurations.

294-299

Authors: Juan Carlos Martínez-Quintero, Edith Paola Estupiñan-Cuesta, Victor Daniel Rodríguez-Ortega

Radio frequency signal generators (RF) are instruments used to test reception equipment and RF components like lters, ampliers, attenuators, among others. On the other hand, they reinforce the teaching-learning processes and they are widely used in research in the telecommunications eld. This document provides the rst stage of a low-cost signal generator design by using RaspBerry Pi 3, with the documentary exploration about this kind of applications. After that, a recognition of the RaspBerry Pi 3 is done at hardware and software level. Finally, an application of an FM signal generator with RaspBerry in a frequency of 101.3 MHz is evaluated, which does not require any additional hardware. This signal was captured using a spectrum analyzer, which determined good quality of the modulated signal in terms of power, bandwidth and SNR (Signal Noise Ratio). However, there are some unwanted harmonic components.

305-311

Authors: Andrés Felipe Forero-García, Nicholas David Carreño-Pardo, Ruben Dario Hernández-Beleño, Robinson Jiménez-Moreno

This paper shows a mobile robot whose purpose is to provide comfort and meet various needs that may arise in family homes. This mobile has dierent sensors that allow monitoring the house remotely, since it has a direct connection between the user and the robot through a graphical interface connected to a wireless network, which shows all the readings of the sensors among other things. The sensory system sends orders to the dierent actuators that perform the order programmed by the user.

323-330

Authors: Orlando García-Hurtado, Mauro Misael García-Pupo, Roberto Poveda-Chaves

A methodological strategy is proposed for the teaching of Linear Algebra in engineering programs focused on plausible reasoning. These concepts were developed by [1] and [2], through the formulation and adaptation of interesting problems, whose design admitted a didactic model and a methodological procedure for the generation of conjectures through the mediation of technology and geometric visualization as key factors in the construction of the main concepts of the discipline by the students. The diculties in the teaching and learning of Linear Algebra have been studied since last century, in particular since the nineties. The LACSG (Linear Algebra Curriculum Study Group) in the USA is a reference point. On the other hand, Anna Sierpinska and Jean-Luc Dorier lead another group in Canada and Europe. Both groups coincide that one of the greatest problems in the teaching and learning of Linear Algebra is the formal approach of the classes that are traditionally taught. The starting point of this study is the great diculties students experience when assimilating denitions, theorems and demonstrations, which are elusive for the future engineers.

337-349

Authors: Oscar Hernán Cerquera-Losada, Luisa Fernanda Campos-Fajardo, Laura Sofía Cuéllar-Torrecillas, Luisa Alejandra Durán-Vargas, María Camila López-Tovar, Elizabeth Perea-Rodríguez, Erika Andrea Valero-Nieto, Delcy Angélica Villate-Montañez

The present inquiry arises as a result of a constant search of problems that aect cities of the country, by the Hotbed of Investigation of Surcolombian Socioeconomic Studies HISSS, of the Surcolombiana University of Neiva (Colombia) -.In this way, we found those factors and actions that contribute to making Bogota, Medellin, Barranquilla, Neiva, Tunja and Cucuta, cities that the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development through the urban environmental quality indexes (UEQUI) categorizes, at medium, low and very low levels. A methodology was developed that projects positivist and qualitative investigation, corresponding to a descriptive and explanatory study of the environmental sustainability of the cities is obtained from factors such as: public space; green areas; environmental pollution; mobility, public transport. The results obtained are of a relevant nature because they show old direct eects on the quality of life of the inhabitants, so that from them, alternative solutions are interpreted and proposed.

358-373

Authors: Carlos Yezid Rozo-Álvarez, Lindsay Álvarez-Pomar, Ernesto Gómez-Vargas, Imelda Lizcano-Caro

This study shows the results of the analysis of the liqueed petroleum gas (LPG) sector, by covering aspects related to its production and consumption. Initially addressing the international scenario with countries such as Spain, Brazil, China, India and Ghana later, it makes the analysis of the national scenario with a look at the participation of the sector within the energy matrix. Likewise, a comparison with a matrix Colombian national level to investigate the participation of the sector within the energy matrix and compare international and national scenarios. Despite its favourable environmental characteristics such as lower emissions of carbon monoxides, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, as well as fewer greenhouse gases. LPG has a low contribution to the national energy sector considering that energy demand is concentrated in 69% of liquid fuels, the LPG sector can barely reFLect a growth of 0.4% and it is not competitive. Intervention of public policy is thus required to increase its competitiveness within the basket of liquid fuels, in such a way that it becomes a viable energetic alternative and its sectorial structure established from a public policy, allowing to supply a market and to satisfy the social and economic necessities.

17-23

Authors: Helbert Eduardo Espitia Cuchango, Iván Machón González, Hilario López García, Domingo Guzmán Díaz González

Energy distribution systems present alterations in the voltage profile in their nodes when distributed generation elements are installed. As a consequence, tension can be risen in a level beyond the admissible. This paper presents the optimization to three fuzzy controllers located in a distribution network with radial topology. The optimization of each controller is performed using the maximum descent algorithm, which is separately carried out; thus, having a distributed approach. The interaction between generators is considered to perform this process; the results show that the adjustment of the controllers is achieved.

33-38

Authors: Luz Helena Camargo Casallas, Jaime Francisco Pantoja Benavides, Diego Julián Rodríguez Patarroyo

Nowadays, cancer is one of the most important morbidity and mortality factors in the world. For these reasons, efforts have been made to optimize the treatments that are used by specialists in the oncology area. One of the main difficulties is the lack of mathematical and statistical models that allow to characterize the performance of the treatments; one of these innovative treatment trends consists of the use of magnetic nanoparticles which are incorporated into the bloodstream either in order to diagnose or transport medications to the affected areas. This paper presents the process of estimating local minimums for a particular case of a function in R 3-defined by parameters r and t-which allows modeling the kinetics of nanoparticles

50-56

Authors: Javier Oswaldo Rodríguez Velásquez; Jaime Alberto Páez Páez; Sandra Catalina Correa Herrera; Signed Esperanza Prieto Bohórquez; Mario Fernando Castro Fernández; Carlos Enrique Montenegro Marín; Jairo Augusto Cortes Méndez

The normal and abnormal behavior of an adult heart dynamics and its state of evolution towards one of these two states has been characterized successfully in the context of the theory of dynamic systems and probability. The diagnostic methodology of clinical application designed under these two theories has managed to evaluate in an objective and reproducible way the cardiac dynamics from the values of the frequency of the Holter registers. The automation of this methodology through the design of a software that can be docked in any operating system for PC, and contributes as a diagnostic aid tool to generate more timely responses to the patient’s clinical condition. Additionally, the values of the probability of these spaces occupied by the attractor, calculated by the Software, allow using an interface that can be consulted by the specialist to evaluate how far a cardiac dynamic is from normality, analyzing in this way the effectiveness of the treatment.

75-83

Authors: Andrés Felipe Calvo Salcedo; Carlos Alberto Henao Baena; Andrés Castillo González

In this article, it is proposed a prototype oriented to nurse-call, which allows to create and inform the request of emergency care of a patient to the public, by means of embedded devices like the Raspberry Pi and a Display Touchscreen LCD. The emergency call is carried out by means of a network of switches that activate a channel, then this signal is conditioned and processed to be transmitted by means of a serial bus RS-485, then the received message is decoded and shown on an LCD screen, finally the request information is stored in a database. Some experiments were conducted to evaluate the energy consumption, the rate of data loss, the scope, as well as tests to validate the scalability of the prototype. The results show that the proposal presents an increase in the demand of electric energy, mainly due to the characteristics of the technology used, however, the results show that the designed system allows to quantify the dynamic in the time of the nursecall and is compatible with other similar systems.

92-100

Authors: Daniela Naranjo López; María Alejandra González Jiménez; Sebastián Buitrago Toro; Jonathan Gallego Londoño

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is acquired by many patients connected to an artificial airway, causing their death of a great percentage to those who are affected. A close relationship has been found between ventilatorassociated pneumonia and hospital beds tilting angle which the patients rest on. The correct position has been established between 30° and 45° to reduce the likelihood of ventilator-associated pneumonia; so a tilt sensor linked to the hospital beds is a good method for measuring. The present article describes an electronic device which was developed able to create a link between an IMU sensor connected to a microcontroller and a Wi-Fi module that allows to display, in a real time graphical interface, located in the control center, the current position of hospital’s beds for being monitored by the nursing staff providing a record of the patients’ status in intensive care and emergency units. Device’s performance was checked by hysteresis and fixed position test along a previously defined time where errors in measurement of inclination remain within a suitable range.

112-122

Authors: Paula Daniela Bonilla Nieto; Juan Sebastián Carrillo Sanabria; Julián Rolando Camargo López

In this document is presented the process of analyzing, designing and implementing of a solar energy manager controlled by programmable device CY8C5888LTI-LP097 PSoC 5LP. That makes possible the power measurement of generation, conversion and storage in the photovoltaic system, to take decisions about power supplying mode from the solar panels or the electrical network. Also to have a portable monitor with a tactile screen –connected via Bluetooth– it shows variables like: power consumed, generated and battery bank storage. This system sends data via Wi-Fi for the creation of a register in ThingSpeak data base. The energy manager accompanied by user and consumer control allows the power supply of diary basic devices in home by using a solar resource.

135-143

Authors: David Esteban Albadan Molano; Jorge Enrique Salamanca Céspedes

Wind energy is one of the best important sources of renewable energy and an excellent alternative for the transition to sustainable energy that the planet earth needs. The wind energy is contained in the air particles in movement, forming kinetic energy. This energy could be transformed into another type of energy such as electricity, through the use of wind turbines. It is known that horizontal axis wind turbines are more efficient energetically, the power output of a horizontal axis wind turbine depends of it aerodynamic performance; therefore, the correct geometric design of the propeller is essential for an optimum wind turbine. This article analyzes the most relevant aspects in the design of a wind propeller, using MATLAB® software to illustrate its behavior, suggests an ideal airfoil for wind applications to use in the 3D modeling of the blades using the computer assisted design, this blades has been built with a 3D printer.

152-161

Authors: Fran Wilson Sanabria Navarro; Juan Gabriel Bustos; Wilder Eduardo Castellanos Hernández

This paper presents the results of a study on the evaluation of adaptive transmission of video streams using the DASH technique on Software Defined Networks. There are also presented in this document, the description of the tools required for the implementation of the evaluation, as well as a description of the methodology used for the development of the experiments. In addition, the results of an adaptive transmission of a video by using DASH are presented. This transmission was carried out over a software defined network emulated on MININET. The results show that DASH technique easily allows to implement video streaming services that can adapt the quality of the transmission according to the resources available in the network.

178-194

Authors: Miguel Ángel Barrera Pérez; Neider Yampol Serrato Losada; Elisa Rojas Sánchez; Giovani Mancilla Gaona

The growth of networks at a global level is inevitable due to the increase of users, devices and applications, such as: Internet of Things (IoT), processing and analysis of large amounts of information (Big Data), or streaming audio and video, which has demanded from the systems, greater storage resources and bandwidth. To this purpose, diverse paradigms have emerged for the centralized management of all the components of a network through fully administrable, centralized and dynamic technological platforms; among these is SDN (Software-Defined Networks). This document, consequently, establishes the state-of-art from a documentary research of a categorical type to be used as a frame of reference for research in the area of SDN by the Research Group of New Technologies of Social Application GIDENUTAS ascribed to the University Francisco Jose de Caldas. This is chronologically limited to a review, from 2007 until today, focused on the countries that have promoted the development and implementation of this new paradigm, using databases such as IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, as well as documents from standardization organizations such as ONF and ITU.

162-172

Authors: Yuri Ulianov López Castrillon, Fabian Andrés Gaviria Cataño

In Latin America, more than 100 million people do not have access to clean, affordable and constant energy. In Colombia, this happens in the so-called Non-Interconnected Zones–ZNI with a population of more than 2 million people, who live in regions with abundant and diverse renewable energy resources. This paper presents a methodology for the design of microgrids in isolated areas, based on the evaluation of local renewable energy resources. A microgrid is a system that uses several sources and uses renewable energy conversion technologies in electricity to provide electricity to isolated areas. These intelligent “microgrids” consist of an energy system that integrates the generation, transmission, distribution and final use of energy, in an efficient and friendly way with the environment, and with a minimum socio-cultural impact, allowing the exchange of information between All system components for optimal control. Therefore, it is very important to develop an accurate analysis and evaluation of energy resources, with the aim of maximizing the design of microgrids.

180-188

Authors: Germán López Martínez, Clara Buriticá Arboleda, Electo Silva Lora

Electricity in Colombia depends, basically, on hydroelectric (70.0%) and thermoelectric (29.3%) systems, leaving aside other sources of renewable energy such as livestock residual biomass, among others. The manure generated in the livestock operation exceeds 81 million tons per year, with an energy potential of more than 71,000 TJ / year; and it is not currently used. However, it generates pollution problems, mainly caused by its inadequate final disposal, due to the extensive exploitation that is currently practiced, especially in the cases of raising cattle, buffalo, horses, sheep, goats and a fraction of swine. If one wanted to use the current energy potential, only a fraction of it could be used (14.3%); especially the energy produced by the poultry sector and a fraction of swine, because these two sectors have a high percentage of exploitation in technical farms, which facilitate the collection of this resource. It is estimated that 864 GWh / year could be generated if the residual biomass obtained from those farms is used, equivalent to 1.3% of the current national electricity demand.

198-207

Authors: Erika Pinto, Dora Maria Ballesteros, Diego Renza

Image watermarking has been widely used for copyright protection purposes. One of the methods used to insert the marker corresponds to QIM, and it is typically done directly on the image. The main disadvantage is that the level of security is low, and the mark can be easily removed if the value of the quantization step used is known. In order to increase security, we propose an improvement to the traditional QIM method, applying the insertion in the wavelet domain of the image, and only in some high amplitude coefficients randomly selected by the system. According to the tests carried out, it was verified that, if the marked image is attacked intentionally, the recovered mark has a readable content. Additionally, we have increased security, considering the recovery key depends not only on the quantization step, but also on the selection of the wavelet coefficients.

215-225

Authors: Carolina Pimentel Gutiérrez, Fabián Eliécer Pinchao Papamija, Lady Carolina Rodríguez Rojas, Ricardo Alonso Espinosa Medina

This research project consisted in the design of a playful technology, used as a rehabilitation instrument in a game activity, focused on the restoration of the motor function in the upper limbs. The game considered the person as a whole of physical, intellectual and psychosocial systems. The upper limbs are involved in daily-life activities (personal hygiene, holding objects, supporting, among others). The prototype was designed with tests performed on 50 young people between the ages of 16 and 22, apparently healthy, who decided to participate voluntarily in the game. The toy consisted of an electronic bracelet (remote control) and a toy car that had the function of displacing simultaneously with the movements made by the player with his upper extremity. The toy moves in the middle of a track divided by three levels of difficulty. It was found that the recreational activity was carried out with the requirement of an activity within the framework of the rehabilitation, because the construction and realization of movements are articulated, from the proximal joint of a shoulder, following the elbow and the wrist. It also carried adjacent benefits, at a cognitive level, because the player must understand and identify the space in which the game is developed, in such a way that the player presents a game strategy based on strategic actions, actions and consequences, and certain social attitudes, evidenced in the appreciation that the game generates in the participant, identified through an evaluation in factors such as: fun, attention, pressure, sense of competence and effort.

234-242

Authors: Carlos Andrés Jurado, Luz Helena Camargo, Esperanza Camargo

To understand the behavior of the plantar pressure in elderly people, and the factors that influence on it, this is of interest to several researchers, due to the accelerated aging of the population and the consequences that this phenomenon carries. In this work, a simulation in 3D of the human foot has been done during the march, using the finite elements method. This study used the data of several elders, the national average of elders and a young individual as control. The peak pressure and the contact area were obtained, finding the existence of intrinsic parameters which modified the footprint of an elder, such as the weight and height; the greater weight, the greater peak pressure, and the greater height, the lower contact region. Men, unlike women, present the major contact area during the march. This study found values of average peak pressure in elders, 7,325 ± 3,97 psi in the heel support stage, 14,25 ± 1,60 psi in the charge transference stage and 16 ± 7,77 psi in the takeoff stage of the heel.

252-257

Authors: Santiago Orjuela R, Fernando Martínez

The objective of this project is to design a power supply system for an electric arc ignition circuit, in a conventional domestic stove, using Peltier cells as an electric source. The regular working conditions of a domestic gas stove were replicated, doing temperature measurements, by means of a thermographic camera on the stove surfaces, and by means of a conventional instrument on its inner room. Starting from the measurements, the most appropriate type of Peltier cell was selected, as well as its amount and optimum location. After that, the prototype circuit was designed, as for the load of the storage device, as for the electric arc ignition system. A design of a battery-based power supply circuit was obtained, whose energy recharge source is based on Peltier cells, and which has an energy consumption of 650mW. In conclusion, it is possible to use the thermal energy produced by a stove or any other energy dissipating, for supplying power to low-power circuits, taking advantage of the thermoelectric effect.

265-277

Authors: Jhon Alejandro Londoño Alzate, Aldemar Fonseca Velásquez, Eduardo Alberto Delgadillo

This paper presents the results of research project whose objective was to analyze, design, implement and verify a remote laboratory from a didactic thermal plant installed in the Technological Faculty of the Distrital Francisco José de Caldas University. During the execution of this project, several technical challenges of a hardware-software-web development were presented, such as: the selection of plant variables to be uploaded, which actions that could be performed remotely, what hardware and software platform would respond to the technical requirements, what is the availability of the web server, what is the best user-friendly interface to a remote user and how to have low response times. The justification of a remote laboratory can be seen in the need that is in engineering teaching programs -or training of qualified personnel- to practice control, instrumentation, automation with real plants when there is trouble with the availability of resources and staff. For this, it is proposed achieve this taking advantage of the advances in technologies like IoT (Internet of Things) and offer alternatives that are worth studying.

294-306

Authors: Alexis F. Ladino T, Jeimy A. Martínez R, Clara I. Buriticá A

The objective of this document is to define a methodology called "APRENDYSAGE", which consists of the use of waste from livestock biomass (animal waste) and its application from self-generating systems. For this purpose, an analysis of previous research studies at national and international level is carried out, in order to define and identify the theoretical and technical energy potential, associated with this resource, and to provide the tools to establish a route and conversion technology, in order to Generate electricity from non-conventional sources of renewable energy (FNCER), overcoming the limitations and problems of other techniques and methods proposed, and establishing a model that takes into account the geographical, cultural and normative characteristics of Colombia. It is evident that the main attribute of the APRENDYSAGE methodology is its ease of application at different scales in regions of the Colombian geography, where the livestock residual biomass resource is available.

319-338

Authors: Harvey Gómez Castillo

The article explores and proposes elements for reflection about the incorporation of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), through discursive practices of convergence and flexibility as part of a strategy of knowledge / power sustained over time, in the technology process of pedagogical practices. For this purpose, an archaeological-genealogical approach is proposed which also tells how a subject is configured for efficiency.