Nanotechnology Research and Practice

151-164

Authors: Oleg Mosin, Ignat Ignatov

It was developed the improved method for isolation of photochrome trans-membraine protein bacteriorhodopsin (output – 5 mg from 100 g of wet biomass) capable to transform light energy to electrochemical energy of generated protons H+ and АТP. The protein was isolated from purple membranes of photo-organotrophic halobacterium Halobacterium halobium ET 1001 by cellular autolysis by distilled water, processing of bacterial biomass by ultrasound at 22 KHz, alcohol extraction of low and high-weight molecular impurities, cellular RNA, carotenoids and lipids, solubilization with 0.5% (w/v) SDS-Na, fractionation by MeOH and column gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of the final protein on Sephadex G-200 with 0.1% (w/v) SDS-Na and 2.5 mM ETDA. The homogeneity of the isolated bacteriorhodopsin was proved by combination of preparative and analytical methods, including elecrtophoresis in 12.5% (w/v) PAAG with 0.1% (w/v) SDS-Na and regeneration of apomembranes with 13-trans-retinal.

119-136

Authors: Oleg Mosin, Ignat Ignatov

It was carried out the introduction of functionally important deuterated aromatic amino acids  [2,3,4,5,6-2H5]phenylalanine, [3,5-2H2]tyrosine and [2,4,5,6,7-2H5]tryptophan into a molecule of photochrome trans-membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin, synthesized by a photo-organotrophic halobacterium Halobacterium halobium ET 1001. The deuterated protein (output 810 mg) was isolated from purple membranes by cellular autolysis by distilled water, processing of bacterial biomass by ultrasound at 22 KHz, alcohol extraction of low and high-weight molecular impurities, cellular RNA, carotenoids and lipids, with the subsequent solubilization of final product with 0,5 % (w/v) SDS-Na and fractionation by methanol, gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-200, reverse-phase HPLC and EI impact mass-spectrometry of methyl esters of N-Dns-[2H]derivatives of amino acids. Deuterium was detected in all residues of aromatic amino acids. However, the presence in the EI mass spectrum of the BR hydrolysate the peaks [M]+ of semi-deuterated analogues of aromatic amino acids  phenylalanine with [M]+ at m/z = 413418, tyrosine  with [M]+ at m/z = 428430 and tryptophan  with [M]+ at m/z = 453457 with different levels of contributions to the deuterium enrichment of molecules testifies about the conservation of the minor pathways of biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids de novo.

68-71

Authors: Abbas Salimi Fard, Farshad Farahbod

Experimental work is held to investigate how nanoparticles affect the hydrodynamic properties of the fluid. Nano zinc oxide (ZnO) particles with different diameters are produced with using the ultrasonic method using different time duration. In this research the thermal conductivity enhancement, the viscosity changes, heat capacity, shear rate and density of nanofluid are compared with those ones in water base fluid.

81-92

Authors: Oleg Mosin, Ignat Ignatov

This review article outlines an overview of new trends and modern approaches for practical implementation of magnetic water treatment to eliminate scaling salts (carbonate, chloride and sulfate salts of Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and Fe3+ cations) in power heat-exchanger devices and pipe lines. The principles of physical effects of the magnetic field on H2O molecules as well as the parameters of physico-chemical processes occurring in water and the behavior of the dissolved in water scaling salts subjected to the magnetic treatment are discussed. It is demonstrated that the effect of the magnetic field on water is a complex multifactorial phenomenon resulted in changes of the structure of hydrated ions as well as the physico-chemical properties and behavior of dissolved inorganic salts, changes in the rate of electrochemical coagulation and aggregate stability (clumping and consolidation), formation of multiple nucleation sites on the particles of fine dispersed precipitate consisting of crystals of substantially uniform size. There are also submitted data on constructive features of various magnetic water treatment devices produced by domestic industry, based on the permanent magnets and electromagnets (solenoids), such as hydro magnetic systems (HMS), magnetic transducers (MT) and magnetic activators (MA) of water. It was estimated the efficiency of using the various magnetic water treatment devices in water treatment technologies.

13-22

Authors: Farshad Farahbod, Ahmad reza Mohammadi

In this research, a comparison between the performance efficiency of silver catalytic water based reactor in nano and micro scale of catalyst is performed. Process simulation is done to find the dominant parameters in production of formaldehyde from methanol. Mass and energy conservation equations in cylindrical silver catalytic bed are written and solved simultaneously. The bed is discrete in triangular elements in both horizontal and radial dimensions. Conservation equations are solved simultaneously in each element for both micro and nano scale. Due to experiments, the optimum amounts of water to methanol and oxygen to methanol is 1 and 0.3, respectively. The product with 0.48 mol% formaldehyde is obtained using the optimum amount of 1 for water to methanol in feed in catalytic bed.

37-56

Authors: Ignat Ignatov, Oleg Mosin

In this review it is reported about the research on the structure of intermolecular water cyclic associates (clusters) with general formula (Н2О)n and their charged ionic clusters [(Н2О)n]+ and [(Н2О)n]- by means of computer modeling and spectroscopy methods as 1Н-NMR, IR-spectroscopy, DNES, EXAFS-spectroscopy, X-Ray and neurons diffraction. The computer calculation of polyhedral nanoclusters (Н2О)n, where n = 3–20 are carried out. Based on this data the main structural mathematical models describing water structure (quasicrystalline, continious, fractal, fractal-clathrate) have been examined and some important physical characteristics were obtained. The average energy of hydrogen bonding (EH…O) between Н2О molecules in the process of cluster formation was measured by the DNES method compiles –0,1067±0,0011 eV. It was also shown that water clusters formed from 2H2О were more stable, than those ones from Н2О due to isotopic effects of deuterium.