Spei Domus

9

Authors: rez Delgado, D.F., Cely Leal, D., González, S.D., Niño Vera, L.J., Robledo Palomino

The bacteriological and compositional quality of raw bovine milk has very important economic and health implications for the agricultural development of the country. The aim of this research was to analyze raw bo-vine milk bacteriologically and compositionally from dual-purpose livestock production systems in the mu-nicipalities of Puerto Asís, Villagarzón, Orito and Valle del Guamuez in the department of Putumayo. For this, intentional sampling was used in 250 livestock farms, thus obtaining 854 milk samples. The parameters of somatic cells (cs/mL), aerobic mesophilic bacteria count (cfu/mL), fat, protein, lactose, and total solids were analyzed. The data obtained were subject to analysis of variance with a significance of 5%. A difference was evident for the parameters of fat and total solids between the municipalities. When analyzing the results with respect to the ntc 399 raw milk standard, the parameters of somatic cells, mesophilic bacteria, protein, lactose, and total solids are met in the four municipalities. For its part, the fat parameter is met in Puerto Asís and Valle del Guamuez

14

Authors: Rúa CV, Tarazona A

Introduction: Goats are selected browsing and selective ruminants, in natural conditions they use up to once hours a day for food consumption. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior and other diurnal behaviors in adult female goats. Methodology: Twelve animals were evaluated under a grazing system with the presence of native trees scat-tered in the low tropics, without introduced grasses and with a supplementation composed of cut grasses and canoe concentrate within the paddock. The observation of the behaviors was carried out for twelve hours a day and a frequency of five in three days, with which 876 observations were obtained per day and 2628 observa-tions in total, climatic variables were taken into account. The information was processed using the Microsoft Excel program and a multiple correspondence analysis was made, using the R statistical package. Results: The consumption behavior in grazing was presented with a higher frequency during the day (26.4 %), decreasing among the 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m., where high precipitation was evidenced and at 11:00 and 16:00 by canoe supplementation. The browsing behavior was presented in 8.95%, with less frequency in the hours between 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Quiet and rumination behavior in the lateral ulna position represented 20.4% and 11.5% respectively, both observed throughout the day. Behaviors such as sleeping, drinking and consuming salt, presented very low frequencies. Conclusions: Goats present a constant ingestive behavior during the hours of the day evaluated.

21

Authors: Quintana-Avila VM, Galeano-Pinilla. YA, Pulido-Medellín MO.

Case report study where the syndrome of persistence of the Mullerian ducts in male canines of the Schnauzer breed is analyzed, characterizing the symptomatology associated with the presence of pyometra in cases of pseudohermaphroditism, this is part of a process of sexual differentiation that is It begins in the uterus and continues in development until reaching maturity, dividing into three phases: chromosomal, gonadal and phe-notypic sex, an alteration in sexual development is the syndrome of persistent Mullerian ducts that is present in cases of apparent hermaphroditism male, which is hereditary, autosomal, recessive in XY individuals, in which the presence of the uterus and other structures of the female reproductive tract is observed in a male animal, derived from an interference in the response to the anti-Müllerin hormone at the receptor, which has been reported in dogs of the Miniature Schnauzer breed, from this perspective in this article we report So three clini-cal cases observed in a veterinarian in Bucaramanga, the symptoms reported indicate episodes of decay, fever, diarrhea, abdominal palpation pain and tenesmus, alterations in blood chemistry, in the clinical examination pyometra was observed, and purulent dripping discharge from of the urethra, gynecomastia and cryptorchism, recurrent appearance in cases of canine pseudohermaphroditism.

24

Authors: Ilein Karine Tarazona-Daza, Luz Zoraya Duarte-Rodríguez.

Poultry production in Colombia is one of the main activities given the high consumption of this protein, due to its easy access for the entire population. According to the indicators of the Ministry of Agriculture, the poultry sector registered in the 2020 a growth of 4.5% and according to FENAVI for 2020 the per capita consumption of chicken was 35.5 kg / year. The industry has been affected by the different diseases that affect birds, one of these is viral arthritis or tenosynovitis which is a serious economic and health problem for the industry. The objective of this research was to carry out a literature review of the current state of knowledge about the factors associated with the presentation of tenosynovitis in broilers. For this, a review was carried out in databases (ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Scopus, among others) to search for documents and articles related to the subject. A total of 359 articles were found, of which 12 were finally selected for the review. Given that viral arthritis or tenosynovitis is a disease caused by avian arboviruses (ARVs), the findings of the different studies associated with ARVs show that in recent years these pathogens have evolved through greater genetic diversity and their pathogenicity. Therefore, since the control of the disease associated with ARV infection is increasingly difficult, new prevention and control measures are required, since vaccination has proven not to be totally effective.

47

Authors: Lorenzo Álvarez-Ramírez.

Homeopathy is one of the most widely used practices in alternative medicine, both in the care of human pa-tients and in veterinary medicine. Its origin dates back a little over 200 years and its popularity has been up and down ever since. Since its beginning and until modern times, the postulates of homeopathy have been the subject of debates in medicine and science. Concepts applied in homeopathy such as similia similibus curentur, vital force, dynamization, minimum or infinitesimal doses, and other peculiarities of the practice, are currently little recognized or even completely rejected. The weakness of homeopathy’s theoretical framework and the scant of serious evidence it has provided makes it difficult to consider it as a tool of modern scientific medicine. In this review of the available literature, the principles of homeopathy, the experimental evidence of its efficacy, and its suitability in current medicine are described in a critical and rigorous way, to determine whether it can be considered an acceptable medical and veterinary practice in the XXI century.

15

Authors: Andrés Camejo-Hernández, Yudisleivy Hernández-Martínez, Yenyce Montes-Martínezde la Cotera, Olga Lidia González-Barreiro, Claudia Untoria-Gómez, Caridad C. Rodríguez-Torres, María R. Pérez-Capote, Irania Guevara-Orellanes, Aníbal Domínguez-Odio, Daniel Leonardo Cala-Delgado.

A study was carried out to evaluate in vivo the dermal and ophthalmic irritant potential of the Curcuvet product (antiseptic and healing solution for veterinary use obtained from the hydroalcoholic extract of C. longa). The acute dermal toxicity, primary dermal irritability and ophthalmic irritability tests were carried out in Sprague Dawley rats, F1 rabbits and New Zealand albino rabbits, respectively, as established by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD No. 402, 404 and 405). The animals exposed to Curcuvet du-ring the dermal toxicity tests did not show clinical signs that evidenced toxic processes. In contrast, the ocular conjunctiva, iris and cornea were severely damaged from the first hour after application, reaching an irritability index of 110. It is concluded that the Curcuvet formulation administered in a single dose, classifies as non-der-mal irritant and as severe ophthalmic irritant.

21

Authors: Ingrith Katherine Hernández-Rojas, Daniela Michell Merchán-Amaya, Juan Diego Miranda-Fontecha, Paula Andrea Morales-López, Nelson Cala-Moreno.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of COVID-19 on the export, production, and consump-tion of beef in Colombia in relation to the world. Information related to the export, production and consumption characteristics of beef was searched using exclusion criteria and keywords in web pages such as ScienceDirect and Google academic. FAO and DIAN databases from 2018 to 2020 for Colombia, Brazil, India, Australia, USA and China were consulted. Results showed an increase of 52% in beef exports in the last year in Colombia, while production and consumption per capita showed a negative trend. The above may indicate a positive artificial effect on the impact of the Colombian beef market. The studied traits trends showed the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the global beef market. In conclusion, regarding the assessment of Colombian beef exportation, it is essential to consider the international negotiation policies of the Colombian beef importing countries and each country’s response capacity to meet its consumer demand which directly affects imports. Finally, the pandemic affected Colombian beef exports because of its domestic presentation and evolution and its impact on the countries of Colombian meat imports.

1-18

Authors: Cristiane Aparecida Moreira Mesquita

Geo-helmintiasis are recognized due to their high morbidity and because they cause thousands of deaths annually, mainly of children in underdeveloped countries. There is a global proposal with a goal to be achieved, knowledge of the prevalence of geo-helminthiasis is essential. Even so, it is possible to assess the regions should receive greater attention in the search for treatment and control. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of infections due to geo helminthiasis in Brazil based on the analysis of the published literature. Methodology: For this, a systematic review of articles in PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct databases was made considering studies in which parasitological copro examinations were performed between 1/1/2010 and 8/17/2020. Studies representing the following data were included: number of participants, age group, parasi-tological method, geographic location. A total of 25 studies were identified with reports of prevalence in rural communities, indigenous school children, urban and peri urban areas. The studies were carried out in twelve Brazilian states in the South, South West and North West region. Results: 56% of the studies included individuals aged 0 to 93 years. The techniques base on spontaneous sedimentation were the most used. Ascaris lumbricoides was another species found (0,15 to 48,8%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (0,16 to 61,5%) and hookworns (0,08 to 22,8%). The state of Rio Grande do sul (RS), Minas Gerais (MG), Paraná (PR), Alagoas (AL) and Bahia (BA) had higher reports (>20%) of Ascaris lumbricoides and it also represented reports for T. trichiura (PR, AL and BA) and hookworms (MG, AL and BA). Conclusion: In Brazil, studies on the prevalence of soil transmitted helminth infections are scarce, mainly in regions of extreme poverty, the published works do not refer to the prevalence of municipalities and of certain communities, which doesn’t not always represent the reality of the local. More studies on the prevalence of infections due to soil transmitted helminth infections are necessary to know areas of greater risk where the measures for treatment and control should be more effective.