Spirituality of a Personality: Methodology, Theory and Practice

6-19

Authors: V. M. Alfimov, O. F. Gritsyuta

The article reveals the educational potential of summer recreation camps, which help the process of educating moral values to be continuous and consistent, thanks to purposeful, pedagogically balanced impact on adolescents through various methods and forms of its implementation. It is noted that older adolescents develop an interest in the psychological experiences of others and their own feelings, which is a prerequisite for the assimilation of moral values. The author has developed a program aimed at acquainting adolescents with the moral values of mankind on the basis of biblical stories; their acquisition of positive individual experience as a component of moral formation of personality; development of individual moral consciousness and reflexive abilities; emphasizing the importance of moral values in relationships with other people. The main methods of implementing the author's program are the method of practical consolidation of knowledge and skills, abilities (conversations, trainings, exercises, quests, stagings, games, fairs, discussions of stories and parables, demonstrations); method of creating complex moral situations; method of group problem work. The main forms of implementation of the author's program are group activities (socio-psychological training and classes-conversations, tests) and individual correctional work with adolescents – personal conversations, games and exercises, psychodiagnostics. The importance of such an organizational form of work within the study as advisory work with the teaching staff in order to optimize the interaction in the system "teacher-pupil" is emphasized.

29-40

Authors: I. V. Voronova, T. V. Turka, A. V. Stopkin

Nowadays, scientific and technical development places new demands on the provision of educational services. It is clear that education must correspond to the current trends of our country, and this is impossible without a deep computerization of the educational process. The use of information technology in education has a positive effect on the harmonious development of personality, the formation of creativity and the ability to solve problems of various kinds. Using a computer in the classroom allows the teacher to significantly reduce the time for the preparation of visual material, improve its quality, which has a positive effect on the curiosity of the lesson, making it more modern and diverse. The integrated use of knowledge from different sections of mathematics, physics and computer science allows to implement interdisciplinary links and helps to acquaint students with the elements of the research approach. It is clear that one of the main reasons for the use of modern information technology in the process of teaching mathematics at school is the ability to model a variety of objects. The use of graphics allows you to make lessons more meaningful and effective, and the use of animations can increase interest in learning the subject and make it more understandable. This is especially true of sections of stereometry, which are known to be difficult for students to understand. The article highlights the current state of the problem of using dynamic environments in teaching mathematics at school. It is shown how interesting and without much difficulty to build polyhedra with the help of online services. The dynamic geometric environment GeoGebra and the graphic calculator Desmos are considered, their main possibilities are defined and expediency of their use is substantiated, the comparative analysis is made. An example of a problem solved with the help of the dynamic environment GeoGebra and the graphing calculator Desmos. This article will help teachers to reveal the need to find different forms and methods of using information technology in the educational process at school to make math lessons truly productive and the learning process interesting.

54-64

Authors: M. O. Iotkovska

The article covers the issues of the historiography of development and formation of departments of preschool pedagogy in the structure of institutions of higher pedagogical education; the evolution of scientific thought on this problem is characterized; the emphasis is placed on those issues that have remained out of the attention of domestic researchers and scholars of today. It is emphasized that in the scientific and pedagogical literature a certain amount of knowledge has been accumulated on the issues of development and formation of departments of preschool pedagogy in the structure of institutions of higher pedagogical education. The lack of an objective interpretation on the development and formation of the departments of preschool pedagogy in the higher education system of Ukraine does not allow recreating the complete picture and features of its development and encourages a more detailed scientific, pedagogical, and historical analysis with the aim of an optimal reproducible experience, taking into account future developments and prospects. It is established that the main task (the basis of scientific and pedagogical activity) of work of departments in the institution of higher education as a center of education and upbringing of youth were: acquiring higher education and qualification in the chosen branch of professional activity; meeting the needs of society in qualified specialists with higher education and scientific-pedagogical staff of higher qualification; organizing and conducting basic investigations and applied studies concerning the problems of preschool education; retraining and advanced training of teachers/lecturers and specialists. It is emphasized the fact that today there is a growing need to update the content and directions of scientific activities of departments of preschool pedagogy, as stated in the legislative documents "On Scientific and Scientific-Technical Activities", the Strategy for Development of Higher Education in Ukraine during 2021–2031, etc.

74-83

Authors: Lin Yitun

The article reveals the theoretical foundations of intercultural communication and intercultural competence, the content of which is the "meeting" and communication of representatives of different national, religious and other socio-cultural identities. The problem of intercultural communication and intercultural competence in the modern world is complex and contradictory. Various factors can influence the formation of intercultural competence: communication skills (observation, intercultural dialogue, empathy, flexibility, tolerance towards others, etc.), knowledge (information obtained as a result of studying cultures, personal experience and observations), behavior. The realization of this goal presupposes multicultural education. It has been determined that intercultural competence includes: the ability to connect a culture of origin and a foreign culture with each other; the ability to identify and use various strategies for contact with representatives of other cultures; the ability to play the role of a cultural mediator between one's own culture and a foreign culture; the ability to effectively cope with intercultural misunderstandings and conflict situations; the ability to overcome stereotypical situations. It is noted that one of the prerequisites for the conflict-free functioning of a multicultural society is intercultural communication and intercultural competence. According to the author, participation in the work of civil society institutions can have a positive impact on the intercultural competence of an individual.

95-103

Authors: M. M. Miahka

The article deals with the analysis of the use of games and game mechanics in teaching foreign languages to cadets of the National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine. The concepts of game and gamification are outlined, the peculiarities of implementation of interactive technologies in the learning process are clarified, the advantages of games and game mechanics application in military educational activity are determined. Examples of the use of games and game mechanics and creation of the necessary conditions for the formation of professional qualities of future officers in foreign languages classes are given. The study defines that the use of games in classes with cadets increases the overall motivation of the group to learn, helps unite the team, and maintains a spirit of cooperation, sets up for productive cooperation in further professional activities. The digitalization of society and the fascination of young people with the virtual game space have contributed to the emergence of new teaching methods and increasing the effectiveness of learning through gamification. Gamification is the use of game mechanics in non-game contexts in order to increase the motivation and interest of listeners. Game elements are used on websites, in business, in medicine, in law enforcement and now more and more often in education. The task of gamification is not to create a full-fledged game, but to use elements of the game even without information and communication technologies. In order to achieve the effective use of games and game mechanics one should pay attention to the cognitive abilities of cadets, individual learning style, because it affects the quality of the gaming task. In order to effectively perform the gaming task and increase motivation, it is necessary to combine different activities so that all cadets can realize themselves as much as possible. While designing and using games in foreign language classroom, it is necessary to take into account the personality of cadets, give them the opportunity to experience defeat or victory, create all the conditions for self-analysis and self-development.

121-130

Authors: A. A. Sender

The article discusses approaches to the optimization and intensification of the educational process, defines the organizational and methodological conditions for the intensification of professional training of future software engineers in higher educational institutions. It is shown that the urgent task is to provide high-quality professional training of future specialists in universities. To solve it, various approaches, methods, means are proposed, including the intensification of the educational process. The need to intensify the professional training of future software engineers in higher educational institutions is due to an increase in the volume of educational information, updating the content while maintaining the importance of the fundamental foundations of computer science, increasing requirements for the level of professional training of graduates of relevant educational programs on the part of society and employers. Therefore, the intensification of training, taking into account the trends in the development of the IT industry, the developments in pedagogical science and the qualities of applicants for higher education, is an urgent direction for improving IT education. Despite the presence of many studies on the problems of the intensification of the educational process and the professional training of future software engineers, these issues are practically not comprehensively covered. It is shown that the intensification of the educational process is aimed at improving its quality by improving the forms, methods and means of teaching, contributes to the growth of its effectiveness, provided that a balance is ensured between the educational results obtained and the resources spent for this. The principles, methods and means of intensifying the educational process proposed by scientists are highlighted. On this basis, the organizational and methodological foundations for the intensification of the professional training of future software engineers in higher educational institutions are outlined.

141-154

Authors: V. V. Sizov, Ya. A. Slavska

The separate aspects of pedagogical views of E. Durkheim based on his work "The education and sociology" are considered in the article. The descriptions of the categories "education" and “pedagogy” from a sociological position, causal relationships, functional patterns and practical manifestation of these concepts are made in the article. Analyzing the definitions "education" and "pedagogy" Durkheim emphasizes sociality of these concepts. Durkheim demonstrates that education is the social institute continuously existing throughout many stages of the history of society in contrast to pedagogy asserting itself only periodically. Durkheim claims that education should not build its system from scratch it must first of all devote itself to understanding its time. He proves that education is a product of history and only history can explain. Education is a social phenomenon and largely depends on the cultural tradition and the specifics of the historical development of society and the implementation of social views on the theory and practice of education should consider the specifics. It will be emphasized by one goals and objectives of education in a particular country in particular historical period. In pedagogical sense of Durkheim, pedagogy is educational practice, sphere of implementation of the theory of education. Education is a sphere of science. Educational practice is a transition stage from science to practice. The contemporary definitions of categories "education" and "pedagogy" (foreign and domestic) is demonstrated in the article. The fact is the interpretation of definition data will not differ only in the international scale but in separate state (society) at the level of that or another sphere of education within the state (society) is accentuated.

164-172

Authors: A. I. Slabkovska

The article summarizes the activities of a social worker. The activity of a social pedagogue as a link between government agencies and an orphan is considered. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the role of a social worker in the interaction of an adopted child and government agencies. We emphasize that the main purpose of the social educator is the activation and integration of socio-cultural, socio-pedagogical functions and influences of society on the socialization of orphans. An important factor in the interaction of an orphan and government agencies - social adaptation - is described. Social adaptation is represented as the child's successful assimilation of all social roles in the system of social relations. It is substantiated that the main principles of work of a social worker with adoptive parents in the context of interdepartmental interaction include principles such as: priority of interests and needs of the adopted child; continuity of support to be provided by government agencies; multidisciplinarity. Emphasis is placed on the methodical work of a social worker, which involves the activities of a specialist in various areas, such as: diagnostic, prognostic, communicative, pedagogical, psychotherapeutic, social and rehabilitation. The need for methodical work is explained by the activities of a social worker, which involves coordinating the positive influences of government agencies and social workers in order to provide comprehensive professional assistance to orphans in their personal development and successful self-realization in the socialization process. It is concluded that the social worker is a link between government agencies and the orphan, which is designed to promote effective protection of the rights and interests of adopted children and to guarantee a professional approach to the adoption of children deprived of parental care. High-quality professional activity of a social worker should provide a transparent system of guarantees for effective adaptation and socialization of orphans.

184-194

Authors: O. S. Tuz

The article is devoted to the analysis of the theoretical foundations of leadership as a social phenomenon. The problem of leadership in modern society is revealed. In the analysis of leadership, the author turned to its implementation in such a social institution of Ukrainian society as the border service. The author presented in the article several definitions of "leadership" in science and life. The author of the article carried out the analysis of the basic concepts of the origin of leadership in society: charismatic theory (it explains leadership as a special set of leadership qualities that motivate others to perform their actions more productively; according to the theory it is impossible to become a leader, is leadership qualities are innate); synthetic theory (it positions leadership as a process of organizing interpersonal interaction and managing the leader of this process, is leadership is the result of joint activities of people); situational theory (it considers leadership as a result of situational factors and the correspondence between these situations and the leader); behavioural theory (it focuses on behavioural theory, in which special attention is paid to the activities and actions of the person, and not on mental characteristics or internal state; in this theory, you can become a leader through training, observation, activity); transactional theory (it is based on the analysis of the mutual benefit of the relationship between the leader and the followers, the benefit or resources of the followers from the leader and the lack of deep internal motivation); transformational theory (it is focused on open commitment to the leader and deep inner motivation), and theory of influence (it acts as another attempt to analyse the power of the individual not on the basis of a particular position, and personal qualities, forms of behaviour). The list of works of domestic and foreign scientists, who studied various aspects of leadership, is given.

204-216

Authors: O. M. Khlon

The author of the article substantiates that public legal awareness is inextricably linked with a sense of universal justice. Negative circumstances lead to such consequences as legal nihilism, ie ignoring the law, legal norms, values. In conditions of legal nihilism, people experience feelings of hopelessness, frustration, social exclusion, confusion, despair and loss of faith in the future. The feeling of social apathy pervades society. Legal nihilism is a product of certain social living conditions. The pervasive crisis, especially in the economy, is directly causing a political, legal and spiritual crisis. This phenomenon is one of the destructive social formations that exists in the context of global transformations, when the imbalance of values and ideals quickly fills all spheres of society, has significant destructive potential and causes a number of negative processes. It is necessary to actively combat such phenomena and try to prevent their occurrence by timely actions and scientifically sound means, having previously studied them and given them a comprehensive description. The social aspect of preventing this phenomenon is impossible without understanding the phenomenon of law as a fundamental category, supported by relevant ideas about legal culture and legal awareness. By studying legal categories, we must strive to raise the level of legal awareness of society, strengthen the sense of responsibility, respect for the law and the rights of others, strengthen social and national solidarity, recognize the importance of national and universal interests, which is especially relevant for our time. It is expedient to pay a high degree of attention to the study and formation of a high legal culture among the young generation, control over the observance of the principles of legal relations among its citizens and education of the young generation in the spirit of respect for the rule of law. State support for relevant measures will significantly increase the understanding of patriotism and respect for state values. Such measures can have positive consequences not only for raising the legal awareness of the younger generation, but also for improving the quality of statehood in general. That is why the study of the factors of formation of moral and legal consciousness of young people is one of the priority areas for further formation of the legal society. Given this, there is also considerable scope for studying this problem in the context of related sciences such as law, philosophy, and so on. It can also be noted that legal awareness is a very important and thorough level of research that requires comprehensive consideration and careful study. However, it is advisable to conduct a scientific review of the relevant category in combination with an understanding of the holistic structure of the root causes and factors that support the formation of legal behavior of the individual in the social environment

227-237

Authors: I. O. Yakymchuk

The article examines the use of educational portals by higher education institutions during the pandemic to implement the educational process using distance learning technologies. The necessity of training pedagogical, academic and research staff on mastering media educational competence in teaching a discipline through the e-learn portal is substantiated. The application of Mass Open Online Courses is presented, that will allow teachers to acquire the necessary competencies independently for the use of educational portals during distance learning. The priority tasks for teachers are offered, they will allow to master the educational portal freely for the presentation of educational material after the use of Mass Open Online Courses. Promptly organized learning process in educational institutions using distance learning technologies on different platforms with methods of feedback to students with constant two-way contact, gives good results. Teachers' immediate response to the emergency switch to distance learning forces them to master IT tools and acquire skills in the new software environment. Massive open online courses are of great urgency, they are required by both teachers and students. After all, this will allow to monitor the students’ learning and assess their knowledge without spending much time.