Journal of Higher Education and Science

363-374

Authors: Cemalettin BAYDAĞ

Music is an international communication tool reflecting textures of different cultures and containing them in itself. It can be said that some aspects of the music cause positive or negative effects on people. Though it is considered that this situation arises out of the connective and connector aspect of the music, the inclusionary aspect of the music to the other fields (psychology, medicine, math, etc.) make it an irreplaceable part of interdisciplinary studies. Although it has been long known that music focuses on treatment, brain and physiological factories and cause positive development in these areas and also said to be the tongue of the emotions, the physiological features of the music are still based on contradictory and theoretical grounds. The emotional meaning existing in the structure of the voice enables people to find themselves in different moods when they start hearing it. This and similar situations transform the voice into an obligation rather than a searching of the voice itself by human kind throughout the ages or an effort to use it in a kind way. This transformation canalize people to new searching for new methods and hence this tendency has brought about development in parallel with that. Human voice is both one of the available tools that human beings use and it is considered one of the existing and continuous instrument in human bodies. Thus, the scientific and technologic developments provide gathering of the different disciplines for human voice as in many fields. Hence, after the influence of the human voice, trace belonging to personality, emotions and moods have been discovered, the human voice is integrated many parts of the life thanks to being an easy-to use device and being one of the amazement instrument for treatment. As not only our modern world is in a circulation with the scientific and technical innovations but the necessity to behave accordingly to today’s information and communication era brings about an innovative perspective and phenomenal developmental stage. Thus, in order to create the information and make it a pathfinder to humanity is only possible with the process, grasp, implication and assessment of it. Hence this development in scientific world also tries to make sense of human emotions. When viewed from this aspect in many fields ranged from visual arts to television, when it is intended to make an alteration in human emotions, it is understood that the primary tool is music or human voice to do so. Of the reasons of this preference, we can consider the universality of the music or its effects on people. It is important to make more research on this field in terms of the curative aspect of the music, the working potential that it creates in human brain, hand arm coordination of a musician, enabling directives for abrupt emotion changes (become feeling happy with a cheerful music when change a blue music) causing emotion changes in different fields such as drawing, sculpture, theatre and putting someone into the art work. Moreover, it is possible to say that there is an increase in the number of research on music, emotion and moods and it becomes a detailed area. Moreover, the relationship between music and mood has triggered an interaction among many interdisciplinary fields and the alteration, development and revolution in these fields cause an increase in the number of the researches conducted on music physiology.

384-401

Authors: Çiğdem HAN TOSUNOĞLU, Serhat İREZ

The aim of this study is to suggest a more comprehensive and holistic pedagogical model for teaching socioscientific issues by examining various teaching models to date. In this respect, firstly, the nature of socioscientific issues, in science education, teaching models in the literature, and the factors affecting socioscientific issues teaching were examined, and then a pedagogical model was presented that could be used in socioscientific issues teaching. This presented model describes the domain of knowledge and competencies required by the teacher for an effective socioscientific issues teaching. This model and its components can be used in examining teacher competencies for socioscientific issues teaching, in instrument development studies in this field, and in the process of observing how teachers’ socioscientific issues teaching competencies change over time.

413-429

Authors: Asiye GÖLPEK KARABABA

Main purpose of this study is to determine whether or not social capital level of university students vary based on demographic factors. In line with this purpose, the relationship between social capital level of university students and demographic factors is analyzed. Population of the study consists of 400 university students who study at Psychology and Civil Engineering programmes (the 1st,2nd, 3rd and 4th years) at Hasan Kalyoncu University in 2017-2018 academic year. The university students who were chosen by using random sampling were given questionnaires and 388 of them were evaluated. It is found in reliability analysis that the scale is highly reliable (0.60≤α<0.80). As a result of the study, it is observed that the female students and the students from psychology programme attach more importance to neighbor relations than the male students and students from civil engineering programme (2.80>2.71); being successful at lessons increases the level of social capital; the students with low income background attach more importance to neighbor relations than the ones with high income background and the students whose monthly household income is between TL 7.501-10.500 have more social capital than the students whose monthly household income is higher than TL 10.501. In addition, it is also found that students’ levels of social capital do not correlate with parent’s education level.

442-450

Authors: Hanife Gülhan ORHAN KARSAK

It can be said that a long chain of variables, such as scientific research, data collection, analysis, academic writing, and academic studies, which begins with exams for entrance to postgraduate programs, effects academic self-efficacy beliefs of postgraduate students. In this study, for the postgraduate students who are the first step of the master program, the entrance exams which are the most important variables that affect academic self-efficacy beliefs, are examined. In other words, the opinions about academic self-efficacy of postgraduate students on ALES, language exams, science exams and interviews, which are the entrance examinations for postgraduate programs are examined. This research is carried out in Kirklareli University Institute of Health Sciences in the 2016-2017 academic year in fall, four of which are in the Department of Child Development, two in Nursing and three master students in Public Health. Between the ages of 23-30, eight women and one male as a total of nine master students were employed. In the study, the findings were presented qualitatively by the case study. Content analysis steps were used for data analysis. The data were collected in four written open-ended research questions in forty minutes by writing and presented with mind maps. It was found that students have the belief that they have inadequate academic self-efficacy about time management in ALES exam, for various question types in foreign language exams, about the field in science and interview exams.

460-473

Authors: Filiz GÖLPEK, Kamuran YILDIZ

This research aims to determine the socio-economic status of the students enrolled at Şırnak University during the 2016-2017 academic year. For this purpose, a two-part questionnaire was implemented to 597 students selected from 2696 students with convenience sampling method to determine the social and economic situation and the data was evaluated. The income and expenditure data concerning the economic situation were denominated in Turkish Liras ( ) according to 2017 prices and SPSS 24 package program was used to analyse the data. According to social data, the majority of the students (1388 students) enrolled at the vocational schools are male (51.6%) and are over 21 (40.9%). These students consist of the multi-child families with 7 or 8 siblings (26.5%), parents with low education level compared to 2017 data across Turkey, children of self-employed fathers (22.4%), having housewife mothers (90%) or those of one or two individuals working in the family (the father or one of the siblings) and covering home expenses. Most of them graduated from public secondary education institutions (97%), wanted to study for a good income and at a university for their future (60.5%) and for this purpose, preferred education-teaching programs (26.8%) and engineering programs (26.1%) and for the first time took the exam (49.7%) and got into their 6th and following preferences (40%). According to economic data, the families of the majority of the students (46%) having the minimum wage of 1404 and below in 2017 bore the preparation expenses (88.1%) for their children and spent the maximum expenses (1000-2000 annually) on private preparatory teaching institutions (15.9%). At higher education level, the majority of the students spent a little more than the minimum wage (1800 = 300 x 6 months) per year for private expenditures. While this data clearly shows that the low socio-economic status has the theoretical characteristics, the majority of the students living in Şırnak province (76%) explains the reason for the province’s being 81st province in the 2016 Transition to Higher Education Examination regarding the success ranking. According to this, it can be stated that students enrolled at Şırnak University are from families with low socio-economic status.

488-491

Authors: Mehmet ÜZEL, Zennure ADIGÜZEL ŞAHİN, Selman DEMİRCİ, Gözde GÜLTEKİN, Özlem Serpil ÇAKMAKKAYA, Fatma Güler KAHRAMAN YILDIRIM

Successful physician-patient communication is very important in diagnosis and treatment processes. Understanding the facial reflections of emotions will contribute positively to this communication. To be able to manage doctor-patient communication well and to provide a good health care service, we think that medical faculty students and other health department students should be given communication skills training in their education life. The Facial Emotion Recognition Test was applied to 211 second grade students at Istanbul University- Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty before and after communication skills lesson. Before the test, seven different emotional face expressions (happy, surprised, fearful, sad, angry, disgusted and neutral) were introduced and 49 photos with facial expressions from different people were showed to each participant. Participants were asked to recognize facial emotion expressions. Pre-lesson, the highest mean accuracy rate of recognized facial emotion was “happy” while the lowest was “fear”. The participants recognized “sad” and “fearful” emotions more accurately after the lesson. “Sad” and “fearful” emotions give information about some feelings of the patient. And being able to understand these feelings by the physicians make a good background for a good physician-doctor communication. Therefore, it is important to get communication skills training in terms of health care. Taking this education as a student can be quite effective.

502-518

Authors: Yılmaz SOYSAL, Somayyeh RADMARD

This study aims to describe the concepts of teacher educators about teaching. The research design of this study is phenomenography. The participants were 37 teacher educators. The concepts of teacher educators regarding the teaching phenomenon were grouped under five categories. These are “teaching is the transfer of knowledge”, “teaching as the arbitrary elimination of the teacher or learner from the system”, “teaching is to criticize and evaluate the arguments of others”, “teaching as collective research process” and “teaching as creating pedagogical content knowledge”. The most important point in this context is the level of awareness of teacher educators about teaching concepts. In this sense, the most concrete suggestion is that teacher educators should expand their teaching concepts by being included in professional development programs.

529-541

Authors: Gülşah KISABACAK BAŞGÜRBOĞA, Abdullah AÇAR

From the perspectives of consensus or conflict approaches, the social role of education is defined in different ways. In this sense, consensus and conflict approaches can be considered as representing two ends. This study aims to reveal the role of university education for students who are the most important actors of education. Accordingly, private university students’ views on the meaning and the function of university education were examined qualitatively. In the research, designed as a phenomenology, individual interviews were conducted with seven students using a semi-structured interview form and collected data was analyzed. Findings are grouped under four main categories which are ‘mission of university education’, ‘socializing through university’, ‘career building and personal development’, and several sub-categories also emerged. As a consequence, this research revealed two main themes which are ‘limited correspondence between the meaning and the function of university education’ and ‘degrading the meaning of university education through career focus’. Students’ views on university education under the category of mission seems in accordance with description of education by consensus approach. On the other hand, under the other three categories, the views on the function of university include examples for the shift defined by the conflict approach.

555-572

Authors: Somayyeh RADMARD, Yılmaz SOYSAL

The purpose of the current study was to describe how the prospective teachers conceive the university phenomenon through taking a qualitative perspective. In this study, the tendencies of the prospective teachers’ conceptual, perceptual or metaphorical reasoning about the phenomenon of university were tried to be portrayed. This study was a basic qualitative research. The participants of the study were 689 prospective teachers who were randomly selected from a total of a population of 1984 individuals enrolled in nine teaching programs of an education faculty affiliated to a foundation university in Istanbul. Qualitatively oriented data were gathered through the metaphor composition task completed by the participants. The appropriate metaphorical reasoning of the participants were analysed and 14 main themes and 25 sub-themes were abstracted. In general, participants perceived the university as intellectually oriented consumption and production units. Recommendations were offered for Turkish higher education system.

581-586

Authors: Hacı Hasan YOLCU

Learning outcomes are essential to any educational program. They should be clear and measurable. So far, however, there has been little discussion about engineering curriculum learning outcomes. The aim of this study is to analyze the learning outcomes of a material science & nano engineering curriculum proposed at a private university in Turkey. Data for this study were collected using a qualitative case study. A qualitative case study approach was chosen to allow a systematic process of analyzing written texts. For this purpose, 324 required and core elective course learning outcomes belonging to 41 different courses in the material science & nano engineering curriculum have been examined. The most apparent finding to emerge from this study is that the majority of learning outcomes (174 out of 324, which equates to 54%) are poorly structured. Besides, the well-structured learning outcomes consist of mostly remembering and applying sub-dimensions of the cognitive domain.

603-613

Authors: Serap EMİL

When higher education policies are taken into consideration, research and innovation attract attention, while education and training responsibilities rarely find a place in these policies. Good university teacher is one of the topics that need to be prioritized with respect to universities’ teaching roles. This mixed-method research intends to examine university student’s and faculty members’ perceptions of university teachers in a Turkish higher education context. A total of 512 university students from a comprehensive public university in Ankara and ten faculty members from the same institution, who received Educator of the Year award, were included in this study for data collection. The stepwise discriminant analysis of the student survey data showed that six essential items distinguish effective vs. ineffective university teachers: well-organized course, comfortable learning atmosphere, concerned about student learning, course being valuable, the self-confidence of the instructor, and effective communication. The inductive content analysis of the faculty interviews provided five main themes: teaching practices, student-centeredness, and communication with students, supportive personality characteristics and subjectmatter knowledge. As a result, four main areas were identified on good university teacher characteristics: quality teaching and learning experience, faculty member-student communication, personality characteristics supporting effective teaching, subject matter knowledge.

622-639

Authors: Tuğçe TATOĞLU

This study analyzes whether the students need an additional loan mechanism which will provide additional funding to them in order to reduce and/or eliminate the learning costs of higher education students in Turkey. In Turkey, it is observed that some students got an adequate score to study with partial-scholarship or non-scholarship at best foundation universities but could not prefer to take education as paid in these universities due to their financial constraints. The study shows the results of field research conducted on 253 students who are studying in Departments of Economics and Electric and Electronics Engineering at Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Çukurova University and Eskişehir Osmangazi University in order to analyze the validity of this observation. As a result of the study, approximately half of the students participating in the field research thought that such a credit mechanism was not necessary, while about 30% of them stated that they needed a loan mechanism, approximately 20% of the students stated that they were indecisive. It is thought as primary reason for this that it is associated with the students’ inability to make forecasting about their future income. However, the fact that students attach great importance to employment opportunities when they prefer the universities displays their apprehension of them about income and employment. It is thought that the main reasons behind these attitudes of the students who have negative and indecisive approaches to the necessity of borrowing mechanisms stem from these two criteria. However, it is considered that some of the students who have negative and indecisive approaches about the borrowing system will desire to get involved in such a system with the construction of an income-contingent credit scheme which includes starting to repay after finding a job and repaying a certain percentage of the current income.