Asian Journal of Advanced Basic Sciences

1-14

Authors: Tanvir Arfin* and Simin Fatima**

ABSTRACT: The current study was focused and stressed on the measurement and estimation of conductivity. The conductivity of the membrane was examined at different temperature ranges (25-50 ± 0.1°C) and electrolyte concentration ranges (0.01 c (M)  0.5) using multi-meter respectively. The selectivity of membrane behaviour was inferred on the basis of conductometric studies which had a particular characteristic. Absolute reaction rate theory was applied and conducted to investigate the mechanism of transport of simple metal ions through the specific membrane. The parameters of thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy, enthalpy, entropy, and free energy were calculated using the appropriate method. The membrane resistivity for 1-1 electrolyte solutions was found to decrease in the order such that Li+ > Na+ > K+, which is in accordance with an increase in the size of cation. The activation energy increases with an increase in concentration of the electrolyte as it us directly proportional to each other. The membrane was weakly charged and the ionic species retain their hydration shell, at least partially while diffusing through the membrane pores in a gentle manner. All the values of G, H, and S were found to be positive in nature and there is an increases with an increasing temperature in the order likely to be as such K+ > Na+ > Li+. Keywords: Ionic conductivity; alkali halides; composite polystyrene calcium phosphate membrane; Gibbs free energy; membrane conductivity; activation energy

22-28

Authors: Vivek Kumar

ABSTRACT: Himachal Pradesh lies in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), is one of the richest reservoirs of biological diversity in the world, having a rich wealth of medicinal and aromatic plant wealth. The Pleurospermum candollii, is very important and rare medicinal herb found at very high altitude of 4500m amsl. The various species of Pleurospermum possess medicinal and antioxidant properties. Moreover, some species of Pleurospermum are also used in perfumery. Pleurospermum candollii is used in the treatment of dysentery, dyspepsia, renal pain, stomachache and flatulence. The seeds of Pleurospermum candollii were deep dormant and have very poor germination (7%), besides having high viability status of 98%. In the present paper seed storage studies on dormancy status and germination status is discussed. The effect of various germination inhibitor tests on germination of various phytometer species is also studied. The implications of the present research will be very productive and helpful in the seed based conservation of the various medicinal plant species in which the germination is poor and have dormancy. Keywords: medicinal plants, seed storage, viability, germination and dormancy

36-45

Authors: Manish Khanna* and Saurabh Kaushal**

ABSTRACT: No country can have a healthy economy without a sound and effective banking system. The Banks always remain the main participants of the financial system in any country. The Banking sector offers several facilities and opportunities to their customers and, therefore, it should be able to meet the new challenges posed by technology and other internal and external factors. With the establishment of the first Bank in India by British, the Banking sector has made rapid progress in various phrases. Before the establishment of banks, the financial activities were handled by money lenders and individuals and due to that people had to suffer a lot because of ignorance and many other reasons. So as to overcome such problems the organized banking sector was established which was fully regulated by the government. In India, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the main governing authority and has been bestowed with extensive powers to work as Central banking authority. The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act 1935. As it is evident that most of Indian population resides in rural areas therefore banking sector had to make a number of reforms in its working in order to survive for its existence. As from the origin of banking sector in India, continuously growth is quite evident. Nowadays Indian banking system is working very efficiently in the country. In this paper, an attempt has been made to know the history and growth of banking sector by dwelling upon its growth in various phases. This paper is a small contribution to the existing vast knowledge of banking industry and will be useful for bankers, Industrialist, policy maker and researchers. Keywords: Nationalization Movement, Liberalization, Banking Structure in India, Government policy, Growth of Banking, Regulations, RBI & functions, IBA & functions, HRM & retention of employees and customers, social, ethical and environmental aspects.

53-60

Authors: Rojila Puri

ABSTRACT: Some carbodithioate complexes of oxovanadium(IV) with general formulae: [VO(4-RPipzcdtH)2B]SO4 and [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2B] (B = nil or Py, (R = M, Et and Pipzcdt = piperazine carbodithioate) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, infrared, solution electronic absorption and proton NMR spectral, and room temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements. The oxovanadium (IV) complexes exhibit 1:1 electrolytic nature except [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2B] (B = Nil or Py) which exhibit non electrolytic nature. A square pyramidal geometry and presence of antiferromagnetic interactions for Zwitterionic and normal carbodithioate complexes of oxovanadium(IV), viz. [VO(4-RPipzcdtH)2]SO4, [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2]; and octahedral geometry for their pyridine adducts have been proposed. Keywords: Oxovanadium (IV); dithiocarbamate; conductance; magnetic susceptibility.

70-76

Authors: Naseem Zahra

ABSTRACT: Copper is a heavy metal that can harm the human’s body through water if present in excessive amount. The presence of metal in drinking water is of special concern because of its persistence and toxicity. The elimination of copper from water is important to protect public health. Different low cost adsorbents are used to remove copper from water. The strict environmental regulation and enforcement of discharge limits require effective decontamination and purification methods for copper removal. The adsorbents proved to be beneficial because of cost effectiveness. In present review paper, copper contamination, its toxicity and its removal from drinking water using different adsorbents is depicted. Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorbents, Copper Water, Toxic.

99-104

Authors: Aditya Kumar*, Chhavi Mangla**, Ashok Aggarwal*** and Vivek Srivastava****

ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was employed to examine the impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae and Acaulospora laevis) along with Trichoderma viride on Mentha spicata after 45 and 90 days of inoculation. Soil microbes’ effect on different physiological parameters was determined. The maximum stomatal conductance (morning and evening) was observed in the plants inoculated with G.mosseae plus T.viride after 45 and 90 days (102.3±0.45, 114.0±2.52; 134±2.00, 154.16±0.95). Likewise, higher phosphorus content in root and shoot was reported in inoculated plants over control. The total chlorophyll content was also found to increase in the plants treated with A.laevis (1.628±0.04) and G.mosseae (3.491±0.06) after 45 and 90 days respectively. The finding in the present work concludes that AM fungi along with T.viride influence the concentration of different physiological parameters. Keywords: M.spicata, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, G.mosseae, A.laevis, T.viride.

116-121

Authors: Raj Pal Singh

ABSTRACT: The temperature dependence of bulk modules was given by Q. Liu & Q. He13 using fundamental thermodynamic relations. The assumption in this theory was that volume thermal expansion coefficient is quadratic function of temperature. The new expressions and formulations were also derived by Tallon14. In the present study temperature of elastic constants is based on the combination of above mentioned formulations. A method to estimate the temperature dependence of bulk modules is developed with the approximation that coefficient of volume thermal expansion depends linearly on temperature. This approximation is valid only for small expansions in low temperature range. Keywords: Elastic Constant, Temperature Dependence and Bulk Modulus.

125-129

Authors: Raj Pal Singh

ABSTRACT: Elastic properties of solids are closely related to many fundamental properties such as EOS, thermal expansion, interatomic potentials etc. The relatively strong covalent bonding between the constituents of intermetallic compounds like LiBC, MgB2 and TiB2 gives high Bulk Modulus in the range 150-220 GPa at high melting point nearly 3000K. This behaviour makes these compounds very interesting for studies under high pressure and high temperature. In the present study, pressure-volume relationship at different temperatures for three intermetallic compounds is given. For the low compressions the increase in pressure is low but the rate of increase of pressure increases faster as we approach the high compression region. At higher temperature, the bulk modulus decreases and, therefore, the pressure required for producing same amount of compression becomes less and less. Keywords: Intermetallic compounds, pressure, Bulk Modulus, Isotherm, parameter.