Vestnik of Vitebsk State Technological University

9-18

Authors: Bashmetau Valery

Calculations and analysis of the magnitude of the total technological loads on the warp threads on average per heddle in each cycle of shedding with clean, uneven and special shade was carried out. Technological loads were determined in the phase of full opening of the shed with a different number of heddles in the loom. The research determined the dependence of technological loads on the type of shed formed on the loom, on the weave of the fabric, on the number and ordinal number of heddles, on the position of the warp stop motion in height relative to the spade line, on the degree of tension of the upper and lower components of the shed. The choice of the type of shed formed on the loom and the optimization of its parameters make it possible to minimize the technological loads on the part of the warp threads on the heddle of the shedding mechanism in order to reduce the tension of the technological process of weaving.

35-42

Authors: Dzerkachenka Pavel, Burkin Alexander

The article is concerned with the development of recommendations for rationalization the measurement methodology of determining the total and residual deformation of the stiffeners, regulated by quality standard GOST 9135-2004 “Shoes. Method for determining the total and residual deformation of the toe puff and stiffeners”. This technique has a number of disadvantages, which are as follows: – the standard inserts in the stiffeners, as a rule, do not correspond to their internal shape and size; – the scale factor is not taken into account when applying the same deformation load for shoes that have different average sizes; The disadvantages mentioned above can be eliminated without making changes to the design of ZhNZO-2 device, but only to the testing procedure and the equipment used for this. The article also presents studies of the residual deformation of natural leathers, cardboards and stiffeners, which show that the use of new equipment and changes in the methodology regulated by GOST 9135-2004 can significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of the results. The objects of study are genuine leather “Elite”, cardboard for stiffeners “Ledtrret 22” and stiffeners. The results of the work can be used as recommendations for improving the methodology and equipment for assessing the overall and residual deformation of the stiffeners.

53-67

Authors: Maruschak Yulia, Lenko Ksenia, Yasinskaya Natalia, Petyul Irina, Groshev Ivan

To date, there are no objective methods for evaluating the feel of cloth, with which it would be possible to quantify the effect after softening. However, most researchers argue that for an objective assessment of the feel of cloth after the textile softening finishing, it is possible to use the index of the tangential resistance coefficient. Methods for determining the coefficient of tangential resistance are varied. In this paper, we considered the method of horizontal and inclined plane. The purpose of this work is to determine the rational parameters for measuring the tangential resistance coefficient by the horizontal plane method, namely, the choice of the optimal number of tests, the study of the influence of the contact area, the speed of the carrier plane on the tangential resistance coefficient of textile fabrics, and also to compare two methods for determining the tangential resistance coefficient using the horizontal plane method on the FPT-F1 device and by the inclined plane method. The study found that for the reliability of the results it is necessary to measure the tangential resistance coefficient at least 13 times, taking into account the last three values. The dependence of the coefficient of tangential resistance on the contact area and the speed of movement of the carrier plane is established. It is concluded that for woven fabrics it is recommended to use a block with a size of 65x120 mm. It has been experimentally established that in order to increase the sensitivity of the horizontal plane method when determining the coefficient of tangential resistance of woven fabrics, it is recommended to set the speed to 150–200 mm/min. The results of comparing the two methods showed that the tangential resistance coefficient is not a constant value and depends on the method used.

80-88

Authors: Pyatov Vladislav, Holubeu Aliaksei

The subject of the research is the technology of computer-aided design of an extrusion tool, in particular, an extrusion die and a power screw of an extruder for processing viscous-plastic compressible media. The calculation scheme of the deformation zone in the design of an extrusion die is given, an algorithm and a fragment of calculations of its geometric parameters are offered. For a screw with a rectangular channel profile, the distribution of shear stresses is shown, an algorithm and an example of calculating the geometric parameters of the screw channel are proposed. The considered design technology is based on a theoretical model that relates the rheological properties and tribotechnical characteristics of the processed material with the geometric parameters of the extrusion tool. Examples of designs of the forming head and the power screw of the extruder, designed on the basis of the performed calculations, are shown. The results of the work can be useful in the development of specialized CAD for parts and assemblies of extrusion equipment.

99-114

Authors: Zhornik Viktor, Ivakhnik Anton, Zapolsky Andrey

The features of the formation of the structure and properties of the environmentally friendly lubricants (EFL) based on the mixture of the vegetable and mineral oils are investigated. The formulation and technological regimes of the manufacturing of the soap lithium-calcium grease and liquid lubricant were developed using the results of experimental and statistical modeling. It is shown that for the production of the EFL the highly purified oil of group III according to the API standard is advisable to use as the mineral component of the oil composition, that is characterized by high rheological and tribological properties as well as improved environmental qualities. The obtaining method of the environmentally friendly grease with the mixed dispersion medium (the mixture of the rapeseed and mineral group III according to the API standard oils) is described, that allows to reduce the harmful effects of the water and high temperature on the vegetable component of the dispersion medium and to improve the properties of the grease. This grease has higher rheological (temperature dropping point– 180 °С, colloidal stability – 8 %) and tribological (welding load – 1960 N, wear index – 0,46 mm) values than the greases thickened with the single lithium (grease Litol-24) or the single calcium (grease Solidol C) soap. The lubricating oil for the saw chains made from domestic raw materials is developed, that has the parameter similar to the analog oil of the Husqvarna Bio Advanced brand. The biodegradability of the developed environmentally friendly liquid and plastic lubricants is 93 % and 89 % respectively, while the developed EFLs are characterized by high stability (for at least 12 months) of the rheological and tribological properties.

125-138

Authors: Tomasheva Rita, Filipovich Iryna

The article considers the issues of technology development and evaluation of the quality of the dye-fat processes in the manufacture of leathers from cattle hides. The well-known technological schemes for performing liquid finishing operations of semi-finished leather products are analyzed. A rational technology of dyeing and fat processes in the manufacture of elastic leathers for the upper of shoes has been selected and worked out in production conditions. A comprehensive assessment of the quality of the dyeing processes was carried out according to a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators and the influence of dyeing and fat processes on the change in the physical and mechanical properties of semifinished leather products was investigated. It is found out that the tested technology ensures the production of a semi-finished leather of high quality, with a deep, durable, uniform and resistant to chemical and physical-and-mechanical effects of coloring. The semi-finished product obtained during technological processing according to the complex of mechanical properties meets the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation. Recommendations have been developed to optimize the technology of dyeing and fat finishing processes of semi-finished leather products. The industrial use of the proven technology will allow the production of leather materials of a given quality level and increase production efficiency.

155-169

Authors: Kalinouskaya Iryna

The HR Zero concept has emerged as a result of the digitalization of the economy, the continuous development of technology and the increasing role of the line manager in the personnel management of the organization. This is the principle of the organization of human resource management processes in the company, which allows automating personnel procedures for the search, hiring, adaptation, training and motivation of employees with the help of a specialized software product based on Big Data and artificial intelligence technologies; effectively delegate part of the functions of HR specialists to line managers and related specialists who have closer contact and trusting relationships with department employees; create a flexible organizational environment with a comfortable climate in a team with a high degree of loyalty and commitment to the company; reorient HR services from routine operations and personnel records management to talent management and planning processes, forecasting and development of the company's development strategy. The purpose of the study was to establish the possibility of applying HR Zero concept in Belarusian organizations. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: identification of existing skills of HR specialists; analysis of changes in the skills of these specialists; assessment of compliance of HR specialists' competencies with labor market requirements; classification of competencies and analysis of the possibility of automation of HR operations and the application of HR Zero concept by Belarusian organizations. During the research, the method of nonparametric analysis was used and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated. The analysis made it possible to conclude that at this stage HR Zero concept in Belarusian organizations is applicable in fragments, for individual operations. This is due to the specifics of the work of HR specialists and the requirements of the Belarusian labor market, and also depends on the overall level of digitalization of domestic organizations.

181-196

Authors: Kudins Janis, Komarova Vera, Cizo Edmunds, Kokarevica Anita

This study is aimed to empirically prove the hypothesis that currently the influence of workforce aging on the productivity of economy is determined by factors characterizing the level of territory development. The scientific and practical significance of this study is the contribution of the authors to a scientifically based empirical investigation of the influence of workforce aging (due to raising the retirement age) on the productivity of economy in the countries of the modern world. Methods of the empirical analysis. The theoretical background and methodology of this study are based on the concept of specific human capital by G. Becker and the conception of endogenous growth with its emphasis on technology development. The authors use several methods of quantitative data analysis: correlation analysis, regression analysis and cluster analysis in order to identify not only correlational parallelism, but also causal relationships between the variables included in the proof of the research hypothesis. Sources of empirical information. The authors used, whenever possible, the latest statistics from the World Health Organization, Trading Economics and PwC Global, as well as data from the report on the Global Talent Competitiveness Index for 63 countries. These countries represent different continents and have different levels of socio-economic development. The results of the conducted empirical analysis show that in the countries of the modern world, technological readiness, coupled with a high level of lifelong learning, are the catalysts that provide a stimulating effect of raising the retirement age (objectively leading to workforce aging) on the productivity of economy. The authors also concluded that raising the retirement age in the country, without considering the above factors, does not contribute to the effective use of the economic potential of older workers.

205-213

Authors: Rasseko Yuliya, Karpenko Yelena

The article presents the result of a study assessing the impact of a new category – the regional pace of life on the socio-economic indicators of the functioning of territories. The purpose of the development of the author's methodology was the reasonable possibility of its use in the system of regional management. The proposed methodological algorithm makes it possible to achieve the target positions of the socio-economic development of the region with the help of the selected typological grouping of tools for managing the regional pace of life. The tool developed by the authors can be used both as an independent means of territorial development and as an indicator of readiness for the development of additional resources by the region. The approbation of the methodology made it possible to identify the optimal development trajectory for Belarus and recommend two typological groups of tools for changing the regional pace of life. The problem solved in the study suggests the use of a new element of the regional development system, draws attention to the possibility of forming a modernized direction of regional development.