International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology

12

Authors: M. I. Afzal, Waqar Mahmood, Sheikh Muhammad Sajid and Shin Seoyong

Broad spectrum of optical wireless communication is available, which can fulfill the requirements of high speed wireless communication. This is the basic advantage of optical wireless communication over conventional wireless communication technologies. The other important thing is the day by day decreasing size of wireless sensors with the advent of advancement in device processing technologies like micro- and nano-electromechanical systems. This decrease in dimensions of sensors causes serious problem for battery storage capacity. We address this issue and propose a model of communication and recharging of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes simultaneously using passive optical communication. We propose both Line-of-Sight and Quasi-diffuse communication for this purpose. There are some situations where direct LOS is better option while at non-line-of-sight, the energy of a multi-spot Quasi-diffuse beam can be utilized. In our model we have used modified Corner Cube Retroreflector (CCR) and a newly proposed device Thinfilm Corner Cube Retroreflector (TCCR) for passive communication and recharging sensor nodes. These devices have large angle of diversity due to which they can provide communication facility to large areas. Our analysis shows that the proposed model could show better performance and significant increase in network life time.

14

Authors: Fumio Sakabe, Masahiro Murakawa, Takumi Kobayashi, Tetsuya Higuchi and Nobuyuki Otsu

We propose a chapter mark addition method for surgery video application that adopts cubic higher-order local auto-correlation (CHLAC) features. In our method, normal motions, which frequently occur in a scene, are statistically learnt by using CHLAC in combination with the subspace method. An anomalous motion exists far from the subspace of the frequently-observed motions and such motion is detected based on the deviation from the subspace, and a chapter mark is placed just before the position of the detected anomalous motion. We conducted preliminary experiments using surgery video data to confirm effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can detect the motions not frequently-observed in a surgery operation and the chapters are effectively constructed.

22

Authors: Liu JingYong, Zhang LiChen, Zhong Yong and Chen Yong

Middleware facilitates the development of distributed systems by accommodating heterogeneity, hiding distribution details and providing a set of common and domain specific services. It plays a central and essential role for developing distributed systems. However, middleware is considered a mean rather than core elements of development process in the existing distributed systems software process. This paper explains the concept of middleware by categorizes middleware and analysis the problems of current middleware architectures. It also extracts three essential non-functional requirements of middleware and proposes a middleware-based distributed systems software process. The proposed software process consists in five phases: requirements analysis, design, validation, development and testing. The characteristics of middleware are considered in the entire software process. Component-Based Software Engineering, Separation of Concerns, Model-Driven Architecture, formal methods and Aspect Oriented Programming are five active research areas that have been around for several years now. In this paper, we present how these five paradigms can be put together in the context of a new software development method and we show how they can complement each other at different stages in the development life-cycle of middleware-mediated applications.

10

Authors: Muhammad Imran Khan, Javed Ahmed, Ahmad Ali and Asif Masood

Correlation trackers are in use for the past four decades. Edge based correlation tracking algorithms have proved their strength for long term tracking, but these algorithms suffer from two major problems: clutter and slow occlusion. Thus, there is a requirement to improve the confidence measure regarding target and non-target object. In order to solve these problems, we present an “Edge Enhanced Fragment Based Normalized Correlation (EEFNC)” algorithm, in which we: (1) divide the target template into nine non-overlapping fragments after edge-enhancement, (2) correlate each fragment with the corresponding fragment of the template-size section in the search region, and (3) achieve the final similarity measure by averaging the correlation values obtained for every fragment. A fragment level template updating method is also proposed to make the template adaptive to the variation in the shape and appearance of the object in motion. We provide the experimental results which show that the proposed technique outperforms the recent Edge-Enhanced Normalized Correlation (EENC) tracking algorithm in occlusion and clutter.

14

Authors: Asma Ben Letaifa, and Sami Tabbane Mediatron

Due to the characteristics of wireless mobile networks (e.g., node mobility, request fluctuation, poor quality of service), operators as well as service and content providers must cooperate to satisfy their customers. One of the solutions is the dynamic reconfiguration of service platforms, which is a real-time operation made on an initial configuration to improve the QoS parameters of the platform. Reconfiguration can be done by software means, and it can be material or logical, meaning that it may affect the physical or software components of the platform, the physical links, or also the transmitted information, without deteriorating the SLAs contracts signed between customers and operators. Several works have been already published in this direction but they fail in presenting a global view and a generic solution for the problem. This work is articulated in the form of a synthesis of the various solutions of reconfiguration which take place with coherence on the various levels of intervention. To this purpose, a model of a platform has been first developed; traffic and mobility models have been also injected to predict the movement and the demand pattern of the users. Moreover, several scenarios of reconfiguration were proposed for the change or the migration of software components, for the management network, the information routing, and the adaptation of the data. In a first part, we address the reconfiguration problem as a mono-objective optimization problem subjected to several constraints. We propose a mathematical model to deal with this situation. However, we found that finding rigorous solutions for this problem may have a huge computational cost. Hence, we also propose an alternative method introducing flow deviation and heuristics in the genetic algorithm. In the second part of our work, we deal with the behavioural aspect of the problem. It consists in considering the different metrics simultaneously and to seek a whole solution configuration representing various interesting compromises between the resources networks and the classes of services and users.

8

Authors: G. RoslineNesaKumari, B. VijayaKumar, L. Sumalatha and Dr V.V.Krishna

A good watermarking technique embeds information into a carrier image with virtually imperceptible modification of the image. The present paper found a novel fact that by inserting the watermark using Least Significant Bit (LSB), the grey value of the image pixel either remains same or increases or decreases to one. The present paper is focused on this issue and found that such ambiguity of grey level values by LSB method comes between successive even and odd grey level values only. The proposed method inserts hidden message on m x m windows, based on their grey level values and coordinate positions. The present approach allows high robustness, embedding capacity and enhanced security. A detailed algorithm is furnished along with the results of its application on some sample images.

16

Authors: Sattarova Feruza Y., Sattarova Nargiza Y., Tadjibayev Furkhat A., and Tai-hoon Kim

In given article questions on directions of the theory and practice of computer modeling and the organization of computing experiment are considered at carrying out of pedagogical researches. Its condition for today is analyzed and the mathematical model of processes of testing is offered. In this article objects of creation methods and models of teaching material setting-up in depend on states of trainee in intellectual education systems are considered. The computer system of Uzbek Spellchecking depends on many scientific researches which were made for other agglutinative languages. Effective algorithms that can solve this problem using small amount of resources and without a waste of time are discussed in this paper. Also here the program’s graphic user interface and its full functionality have been described. In the third part of the paper the results of analysis of Russian Federation and Kyrgyz Republic educational standards in Information Technology, Computer Sciences, Informatics, Applied Mathematics and other are considered in this paper. Required changes are bringing out that must be made for development new educational standard corresponding Bologna Process. Important specifics of educational standards of European Countries and United States are showing. New educational standard on field “Informatics and Computer Engineering” are suggested for bachelor level of Kyrgyz Republic. In the suggested standards four blocks of previous standards are saved to provide continuity with standards former generation.

10

Authors: Vu Trieu Minh and Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani

In this paper, we consider the design of stable linear switched systems for polytopic uncertainties via their closed loop linear quadratic state feedback regulator. The closed loop switched systems can stabilize unstable open loop systems or stable open loop systems but in which there is no solution for a common Lyapunov matrix. For continuous time switched linear systems, we show that if there exists solution in an associated Riccati equation for the closed loop systems sharing one common Lyapunov matrix, the switched linear systems are stable. For the discrete time switched systems, we derive an LMI to calculate a common Lyapunov matrix and solution for the stable closed loop feedback systems. These closed loop linear quadratic state feedback regulators guarantee the global asymptotical stability for any switched linear systems with any switching signal sequence.

15

Authors: Meng-Huang Lee

In this paper, a service generation apparatus is proposed for easily setting up an IPTV interactive digital channel by a channel service producer incapable of programming. The apparatus convergences different characteristics of set-top boxes, display screens, multimedia data and generates the service channel automatically. A design example and demonstration illustrates the schematic architecture of the apparatus. It is currently used in CHT MOD service to meet the increasing capacity of IPTV consuming market.

8

Authors: R. Anbuselvi and R.S.Bhuvaneswaran

Path finding is one of those required elements of the computer network. Any path finding algorithm will work as long as there are no obstacles or distractions along the way. If there is an obstacle, then the character needs to figure out a way to move around and still reach the goal. In this paper, we have simulated the existing path-finding algorithms and state that A* is the most popular choice for path-finding and it is very flexible and can be used in a wide range of contexts.

12

Authors: Joung-Souk Sung

This paper describes the innovative Learner Intelligent Feedback System (IFS) in terms of a set of three agent: Interface Agent (IFA), Information Agent(IMA), and Intelligence Agent(ILA). The agent can deduce the correct answers to test questions and provide intelligent feedback and hints to the learner. The intelligent feedback system is : Firstly, system presents content in initial learning style. Secondly, learner takes a diagnostic test. Thirdly, system analyzes user performance. Fourth, system identifies concept deficiencies and chooses the best learning model. Finally, system dynamically creates a remedial course tailored to the learner. The learner takes the remedial course, at the end of which is another test. If the learner still does not get the concept, he or she is returned to another dynamically generated course presented in a different learning style. At the same time the tutor agent notifies that one of her students is having trouble. The Tutoring agents are the driving engine of the system. Their main tasks are to generate appropriate learning feedbacks for learners and provide new learning problems and advanced situations. IFS can be used for complete course training, including test from a remote site.