European Journal of Physical Education and Sport

4-8

Authors: Isaac Olusola Akindutire, Johnson Adetunji Olanipekun

The use of doping as a substance or method is potentially harmful to the health of the athletes and also gives them an unfair competitive edge. It represents an anathema, which poses great threat to the development of sports ideals in the modern day sports competitions. It is illegal and unethical to the sanctity of sports. It also has both short and long term side-effects on the athletes. This paper examined the psycho-social factors that may facilitate the utilization of doping substances either on a continuous or intermittent basis by athletes in Nigeria. A sample of 360 elite athletes in nine states of Nigeria was selected using purposive, simple and stratified random sampling techniques. A- 21- item self-developed questionnaire was used to gather relevant information for the study. Frequency counts, percentages and chi-square were used to analyze the data collected. Findings revealed that the prominent psychological and sociological determinants in the utilization of doping substances by athletes included the desire for excellent performance and gaining monetary or material rewards. It was therefore, recommended that athletes should be given social-network support, and be properly oriented towards adjustment to the various psycho-social conditions that may prompt them to the use of doping substances.

17-23

Authors: Alexander А. Fedyakin, Elena V. Kuvaldina

The paper analyzes the dissertation research on improving the process of physical education of university students. The basic directions of research done on this issue over the past decade are presented. In the problematic aspects the key issues relevant to the decision at present time are outlined. The ways of solving the mentioned problems are offered.

31-45

Authors: Aleksey N. Korolkov

This article discusses some of the biomechanical and physiological characteristics of holding the club when hitting the ball in putting and minigolf. Depending on the position of the player’s hands on the grip and the orientation of his stance relative to the hole, the author identifies four possible ways of performing playing actions. The author assesses the size of the gravitational and centrifugal forces acting on the player’s upper limbs when hitting the ball and determines the parameters of the zone of vision and the location of the projection of the “blind spot” and the zone of clear binocular vision onto the play surface. The article makes suppositions about the more effective way for the player to hold the club and maintain his stance when performing playing actions. To verify the hypothesis, the author experimentally determines the impact of various ways of holding the club and the player’s orientation relative to the hole on the player’s performance in the game. The experiment featured 16 minigolf players with different levels of qualification (from beginners to masters of sport). The participants were youths and girls ages 16 to 22. Each participant attempted 240 strikes in a regular stance and a reverse stance with a straight and a reverse grip (60 strikes for each variant of stance and way of holding the club). As a result of the experiment, using various statistical criteria, the author establishes that all variants of play are equally efficient and the technique of performing playing actions can vary and is chosen based on one’s subjective perceptions of the comfort of taking a strike. The effectiveness of a particular way of holding the club is, mainly, determined by the prior motor experience of the trial subjects.

52-58

Authors: Fedor B. Litvin, Svetlana S. Goloshchapova, Ivan P. Anosov, Tatiana I. Stanishevskay, Viktoriay S. Nikitina

This study aims to assess the effect of Bilar, a product made from the honey bee drone larvae, on stationary and oscillatory characteristics of athletes’ microcirculation system. The study featured 54 athletes practicing judo. Data obtained before and after the course intake of the api-product testifies to the economicalness of the operation of the microcirculation system at rest, which is manifested in a decline in the perfusion and diffusion of oxygen from the blood to the tissues and its utilization by the tissues. The effectiveness of the use of the natural adaptogen was accompanied by an increase in neurogenic and myogenic vasodilatation. Incorporating Bilar into athletes’ diet at the pre-competition training cycle stage improves microhemodynamics, stimulates the utilization of oxygen from the blood to the tissues, and boosts microvessel reactivity, which expands the body’s adaptation/accustomization potential at the tissue level.

68-76

Authors: Igor A. Yurov

The quantitative and qualitative characteristic of level of claims of athletes-swimmers of different qualification is presented in article. Perspective, tactical and operational levels of claims are presented. Psychological distinctions of level of claims at athletes of different qualification are established. Expectation level in sports as the integrated characteristic of all types of preparation in which the dominating role is carried out by psychological preparation is defined. The obtained data allow to claim about need of psychological escort of athletes from the beginning of sports career before its involution.