European Journal of Physical Education and Sport

64-70

Authors: Vladimir D. Fetisov, Tat'yana V. Fetisova

The author uses a systematic approach to explain his understanding of professional sports as a unique form of business. The paper researches the system of creating and the interaction between the subjects and objects within professional sports and identifies problems within the modern sporting business. The author concludes with proposing ways to resolve the issues present within the sporting business in Russia.

80-87

Authors: Alina Yu. Tatarinova, Anastasiya V. Mikhailova

The article presents the results of assessing the morphofunctional condition of the left ventricular myocardium within 231 athletes who specialise in various sports. All of them underwent a transthoracic echocardiogram that included colour and tissue Doppler imaging. There are no significant differences in the diastolic function indicators of the left ventricular myocardium between different types of sports. Athletes that exhibit slight hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium do not exhibit signs of diastolic dysfunction. Tissue Doppler imaging helps identify signs of diastolic dysfunction in athletes who have a formally normal transmitral flow.

96-104

Authors: Konstantin G. Tomilin

The paper analyses the soviet experience of utilising the BGTO-GTO standards (Be Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR-Ready for Labour and Defence of the USSR!) for promoting the physical fitness of yachtsmen of various ages and specialisations. It has been shown that, despite the fact that in the USSR, every athlete had to present documents stating that they passed the GTO standards (BGTO for children) before every All-Soviet and All-Russian competition, the physical fitness of the yachtsmen was at an extremely low level. Around 10% of the leading yacht racers at the 1st All-Soviet summer student games of 1985 practically did not know how to swim; up to 50% of the participants of the RSFSR Cup of 1987 could not perform the GTO standards for their age groups. An effective method for motivating athletes to become better physically fit and to be able to perform at the simplest GTO standards became the use of the “Competition Rules”. It was enough to implement passing the norms as a prerequisite for being allowed to the regatta for just one season to make the number of men that were unable to complete the running norms (due to their inadequate physical fitness) practically drop to zero; within two seasons, virtually 100% of the leading yacht racers began to pass the running test with excellent results.