Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte reale si ale naturii

3-7

Authors: Adriana DRUȚA, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Aurelia CRIVOI, Ana ILIEŞ

Currently, diabetes is the most common endocrine disease and is characterized by complications that develop over time and affects various organs and organ systems. This metabolic disease manifests itself over a long period of time, in which the increase in blood sugar and the occurrence of glucosuria occur. Systematic studies have shown the beneficial effect of bee preparations, which has been found to improve glycemia in a relatively short time and to avoid its extremely dangerous fluctuations. In addition, their action persists in the body for a long time after the treatment is completed.

14-17

Authors: Maria MELNIC, Olesea GLIGA, Dumitru ERHAN, Ștefan RUSU

In the paper we indicate data on some morpho-physiological changes caused by the potato culture (Solanum tuberosum L.) by the saprophytic nematode complex associated with microorganisms. In the process of the Agata variety potato tubers analysis, infested by Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 in advanced stages of ditilenhosis (3, 4), there have been observed changes in the form of swelling. The results of the laboratory analyzes of the infected tubers showed the presence of the saprophytic nematodes of the orders Rhabditida and Aphelenchida in a number of about – 2000 individuals/gram of tissue, which are included in 2 trophic-ecological groups, bacterivores and fungivores. According to the data, the most common species have been found in the families: Cephalobidae (63.2%), Neodiplogasteridae (17,6%) and Rhabditidae (12,8%), but the most rarely detected are those of the family Aphelenchidae (6.4%). The presence of secondary nematodes, bacterivores and fungivores demonstrates that the infested tissue forms a nutritious substrate for these nematodes.

25-30

Authors: Анжела РУДАКОВА, Сергей РУДАКОВ, Анна АРТЕМЬЕВА, Юрий ЧЕСНОКОВ

To study the polymorphism by esterase composition 30 samples of mature seeds of various varieties and subspecies Brassica campestris L. from the VIR collection (St. Petersburg) were examined. The method of native electrophoresis in PAAG with the subsequent processing of the gels revealed 10 main zones of esterase enzymes, which were subdivided into 2 conditional loci – “b” and “c”. Five zones of higher molecular weight (42,0 кД – 32,4 кД) were designated as b1–b5. All of them turned out to be monomorphic, i.e. characteristic of all samples. The “c” locus was represented by five lower molecular weight zones (25,6 кД -15,0 кД ), which were designated as c1-c5. These zones were characterized by the highest polymorphism among the samples presented. According to their esterase complex, all samples were divided into 8 groups (zymotypes). The most common was the zymotype 1 (50% of the total number of genotypes). The second most common was zymotype 2, its representatives accounted for 16,7%. The maximum number of esterase enzymes (9 zones) were characterized by the zymotype 3 and 4. The zymotypes 7 and 8 have the smallest number of esterases (6 zones). The frequency of occurrence of each zone among all genotypes varied from 6,7% to 96,7%. The most common among all polymorphic esterase zones was the zone c3 (Mr 20,9 kD), the frequency of its occurrence was 96,7% of the total number of genotypes. The relative amount of different isoforms of esterase enzymes in samples varies significantly. The average statistical value of the content of all isoenzymes of locus “b” varies from 11,8% (zone b5) to 23,5% (zone b4), while for enzymes of the locus “c” this value varies from 2,2% (zone c1) to 7,1% (zone c3).

38-41

Authors: Lazăr CHIRICĂ

The Black Sea is a unique basin with a complicated geological history, a hidrobiological regime that has changed much in time and has significant level variation throughout it’s evolution. It’s the most important basin for developing chemolitoatotrophic bacteria which influence the development of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) unprecedentely and the anaeropic processes are present fact, which express the meromic character of the basin.

48-58

Authors: Gheorghe DUCA, Vera MATVEEVICI, Maria GONŢA, Larisa MOCANU

The process of reducing the concentration of some organic pollutants (dyes and auxiliary substances) contained in textile wastewater was studied. For this purpose we applied electrochemical methods based on electroflotation. The research experiments were performed in an electrochemical cell without diaphragm with monopolar electrodes. It was determined the influence of cationic flocculant (PDAMDAC) and formic aldehyde on the efficiency of the treatment process, experimentaly. The optimum conditions for removing pollutants were determined according to the time of electroflotation, the intensity of the electric current, the concentration of the flocculant, and the concentration of the formic aldehyde. As a result of the scientific research, it was found that the efficiency of removal of pollutants from the synthetic systems DR-LLS-Bis-MPA-DEG-FA is influenced by the concentration of PDAMDAC. In the presence of flocculant PDADMAC, the efficiency is higher together with increasing concentration and the synthetic systems are treated by combining methods of electroflotation and adsorption on activated carbon, and in the absence of the flocculant - by combining the methods of electroflotation, catalytic oxidation and adsorption.

68-73

Authors: Ştefan ROBU, Ana POPUŞOI, Galina DRAGALINA, Ion LUNGU, Vadim FURTUNĂ, Tamara POTLOG

In the present scientific work we describes the synthesis of zinc mono- and polyhydroxyphtha- locyanines, which have been grafted to some carbazole copolymers in order to create photosen- sitive materials. From obtained powders thin films, which were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and UV-VIS spectroscopies were synthetized. The presence of the phthalocyanine fragment in the polymer-analogues were confirmed by the XRD and FTIR spectra. Solar cells based on zinc mono- and tetra-hydroxyphthalocyanines layers with 0.43 V and 0.41 V open circuit voltage, respectively were prepared.

3-13

Authors: Dang Thi Minh OANH, Nguyen Thi LAM, Che Thi Hoai THU, Ho Anh TUAN

Analysis and identification of 90 specimens of genus Acentrogobius bleeker, 1874 collected from estuary and coastal of Nghe An province, Vietnam. We have classified five species: Acentrogobius caninus (Valenciennes, 1837); Acentrogobius chlorostigmatoides (Bleeker, 1849); Acentrogobius moloanus (Herre, 1927); Acentrogobius cf. viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) and Acentrogobius cf. viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837). The species Acentrogobius moloanus (Herre, 1927) and Acentrogobius cf. viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) was first discovered in the study area and the north center region of Vietnam.

23-29

Authors: Dinh Thi Thu HIEN, Nguyen Thi THOA, Nguyen Thi Thao NGUYEN, Ho Anh TUAN, Ong Vinh AN

This research identified 45 specimens of genus Oxyurichthys Bleeker, 1874 collected from estuary and coastal of Nghe An province in north center region Vietnam. We have classified four species: Oxyurichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1849); Oxyurichthys ophthalmonema (Bleeker, 1856); Oxyurichthys tentacularis (Valenciennes, 1837); Oxyurichthys visayanus Herre, 1927. The species Oxyurichthys ophthalmonema (Bleeker, 1856) and Oxyurichthys visayanus Herre, 1927 was first discovered in the study area and north center region of Vietnam.

34-41

Authors: Valentina BULIMAGA, Liliana ZOSIM, Alina TROFIM, Veaceslav REVA, Maria-Bianca BULIMAGA

In the present work, the authors studied the effect of Cu (II) and Zn (II) acetates with and without addition of glucose and the influence of two illumination regimes on the productivity and production of intracellular polysaccharides in cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis. The composition of the polysaccharide fractions obtained by chromatographic separation on a Toyo-Pearl column was analyzed and their proteoglycanic nature was determined. A scheme for the extraction and purification procedure of the polysaccharide complex from biomass has been proposed.

48-57

Authors: Aurelia CRIVOI, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Ana ILIEŞ, Ilona POZDNEACOVA, Adriana DRUȚA, Iulian PARA, Victor CIOCÎRLAN

One of the most prevalent affections in the modern world is represented by the diabetes mellitus type II. In this case, the pancreas has no more ability to produce sufficient insulin or the body cells lose the insulin reaction, which leads to high glucose levels. A set of natural products have been investigated by chemical and biological point of view in order to stimulate some organism functions. A particular task holds propolis, with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, that is appreciated as one of the most efficient natural drugs.

64-70

Authors: Valentin CODREANU

The article presents the root anatomy of 7 grapevine distant hybrids (Vitis vinifera L. x Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.). Rhizoderm, primary cortex and central cylinder (stele) are described in the primary anatomic root structure. The first periderm anatomy is presented in the secondary anatomic root structure. This is developed from subepidermal cell layer, as in species Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx., which is resistant to root phylloxera.

75-87

Authors: Gheorghe JIGĂU, Elena TOFAN, Victor ȘALARU, Sergiu DOBROJAN, Nina PLĂCINTA, Cristian JIGĂU, Eugeniu CIOBANU

This paper presents the results of soil physical indicators indicating how carbon sequestration in the soil is administered when nitrogenous cyanophyte algae biomass is used to grow corn and sunflower. Thus, it was found that all nitrogen fixing cyanophyte algae species contribute to the accumulation of organic carbon in the soil. At the same time, it was observed that the aggregation-structuring activity is interspersed with the activity of saturation of the root system of the cultivated plants (corn, sunflower). This process is more intensive in the case of corn crops. The intensity of the organic carbon sequestration process in the soil with the participation of the experimental algae can be reproduced with the following pedofunctional rows in the sense of decreasing: Corn crop: Nostoc gelatinosum > Calothrix gracilis > Combined lot > Cylindrospermum licheniforme > Nostoc linckia. Sunflower culture: Nostoc gelatinosum > Combined lot > Cylindrospermum licheniforme > Calothrix gracilis > Nostoc linckia.

95-99

Authors: Alina BEȘLIU, Nadejda EFREMOVA, Agafia USATÎI, Ludmila BATÎR

The paper provides new information on the influence of ZnO nanoparticles of <50 nm and <100 nm on pigmented yeast Rhodotorula gracilis CNMN-Y-03. It has been established that the viability, carotenoid and carbohydrate content of the strain has changed according to the size and used concentration. It has been demonstrated that the viability of yeast cells depends on the contact time for both types of nanoparticles. The results have highlighted that concentrations of 1-20 mg/l increased the amount of carbohydrates and maintained the content of carotenoid pigments at the level of the control sample, whereas the concentrations of 30-70 mg/l become toxic for the studied strain.

103-111

Authors: Agafia USATÎI, Natalia CHISELIȚA, Alina BEȘLIU, Nadejda EFREMOVA, Ludmila BEJENARU, Ludmila BATÎR, Constantin DADU, Ana TANASE

The paper reveals new insights about the degree of action of nanoparticles with different physico-chemical characteristics: ZnO (10 nm, 30 nm, <50 nm, <100 nm), TiO2 (30 nm, 40 nm), Fe3O4 (10 nm, 30 nm, 50 nm-100 nm) and ZnO/MgO (10/11 nm) on Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-18, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-20 and Rhodotorula gracilis CNMN-Y-30 yeast strains with performing biotechnological qualities. Key factors in triggering cell response are nanostructure, dimensions and concentrations of metal nanoparticles. Important cellular responses are viability, content of the proteins and carbohydrates, including β-glucans and mannoproteins, content of the carotenoid pigments, including β-carotene, torulene and torularhodin, antioxidant activity of SOD and catalase as elements of cellular oxidative stress. Analyzing the effects of metallic nano-oxides on yeast strains, we mention their importance in regulation of the cultivation and biosynthesis of cell bioactive substances with biotechnological interest. The results of the modeling of biosynthetic processes with the application of nanoparticles present advantage in the development of innovative applications, especially in bionanotechnology, biomedicine, food industry, environmental protection, and other fields.

119-124

Authors: Анатолий МАНТОПТИН, Влада ФУРДУЙ, Нина КОВАРСКИ, Валентина СТРОКОВА, Анастасия ТЕЛЕВКО

The physicochemical composition, biological properties of bee polen and bee bread, as well as the reasoning for their practical use are considered in the article. These beeproducts are not only highly concentrated preparations balanced on all substances necessary for human life, but can also be used to form and maintain the sanogenic status of the organism in different age and functional periods of a person.

128-140

Authors: Viorica GLADCHI

The waters of the Raut river in the period of 2015-2018 were characterized as high mineralized and hard waters that are impossible to be used as irrigation waters. The waters of the river are excessively polluted with organic matter that is hard to degrade and diverse mineral forms of biogen elements. In most cases, the waters of the river are attributed to IV-V class of quality, that is considered to be badly polluted waters. The excessive quantity of mineral nitrogen in Raut’s water create a real precedent for fast anthropogenic eutrophication of the river. The data obtained states that the quality of the water in Raut is of a great influence on the quality of the water in Dniester river. The waters of Raut are polluting Dniester and transforming its waters from class II (good quality waters) into class III (moderate polluted waters). It was established the tendency of growth in the field of pollution with different biogenic elements in waters of Dniester river that are characteristic for those present in the Raut river, which is a real danger to the ecosystem of the river.