European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology

1-6

Authors: K Kalyani Radha, G Srinivas Kumar and J Paul Rufus Babu

Wheel spokes are the supports consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim with Carbon Fiber, Magnesium Alloy, Titanium Alloy and Aluminum Alloy. The two main types of motorcycle rims are solid wheels, in which case the rim and spokes are all cast as one unit, usually in Aluminum or magnesium alloys and the other spoke wheels, where the motorcycle rims are laced with spokes which require high spoke tension, since the load is carried by fewer spokes. If a spoke does break, the wheel generally becomes instantly un-ridable also the hub may break. Presently, for high cc bikes Magnesium wheels are used, due to its low heat resistance and micronisation of crystal grains, replacing it with Aluminum alloy. This Simulation work attempts to model the wheel of a two wheeler racing by using the Pro/Engineer Software, and conducting the tests: Static and Fatigue analysis using the Cosmos (Solid Simulation Work) software by reducing the number of spokes from 5 to 4 for the existing model. Based on simulation work, a better material for alloy wheels may be analyzed from the results obtained and validated.

9-18

Authors: Jyoti Mehta, Neeraj Dilbaghi, Surjit Singh Dudeja, Anoop Yadav and Parveen Sharma

India is the one of the world's largest producers of textiles and garments. Textile processes requires large volume of fresh water in various cloth processing operations. The inputs of wide range of chemicals/dyes, which, if not incorporated in the final products (fabric), become waste and turn out to be part of water ecosystem. This experiment was designed to optimize the various parameters for dye removal and to study the removal of dye from treated and untreated textile industry effluent by isolated bacterial strains in optimized conditions. Observations revealed that the rate of dye decolourization efficiency by bacterial strains was significantly influenced by initial dye concentration, pH, temperature of incubation and incubation time. About 60-70% colour removal from the samples was achieved after the incubation period of four days, and a little change in decolourization rate was observed thereafter. It was also observed in the study that optimal conditions for CR dye removal by using strain 1 were found to be pH of 6 (70.4%), incubation temperature, 35°C (76.5%) and by using strain 2 it was found to be pH of 6 (77%), incubation temperature of 30°C (77.1 %) at a constant string speed of 150 rpm with 25 ppm dye concentration. While in case of PR dye optimal conditions were pH 6 (69-74%) and incubation temperature of 30°C. Dye degrading capacity of both the strains was evaluated and it was found that strain 2 namely Lysinibacillus fusiformis isolated from untreated effluent was found to be highly effective for the removal of both the dye from solution as compare to strain 1.

24-29

Authors: Louay A Hussein Al-Nuamy

Encryption software executes an algorithm that is designed to encrypt computer data in such a way that it cannot be recovered without access to the key. Software encryption is a fundamental part of all aspects of modern computer communication and files protection. The purpose of encryption is to prevent third parties from recovering the original information. This is particularly important for sensitive data like credit card numbers. In this paper a new stream cipher, called LFSR key position, is proposed. The design of the proposed cipher is quite simple, composing two important cipher algorithms LFSR and Key position ciphers. The design goal of producing the LFSR key position stream cipher significantly depend on eliminating the weakness of both LFSR and key position ciphers through combine the two randomize factors characteristics of character position and the plain text context. The paper also explains the importance of the stream ciphers as modern class of encryption algorithms.

33-37

Authors: Akanksha J Kulkarni, Dipali R Shinde, Sanjivani R Gaidhani, Yogita B Labhade and Monali Borade

Security of apps is becoming one of the major concerns today. Android mobile phones are the most popular way to access social sites, mails very easily. Many applications are available for android users to protect their applications. But, these applications are not enough to provide high end security. So this paper focuses on the new techniques for providing better security to the android apps that will remove the attacks such as shoulder surfing, sharing of password attack, guessing attacks etc. To address these attacks this paper introduces different password schemes. This paper elaborates the survey done for 4 techniques and the attacks they can withstand.

46-50

Authors: Santosh M Nejakar, Prabhu G Benakop and Sharanabasappa RR

The next generation wireless communications systems need to be of a higher standard in order to provide the customers with the multitude of high quality services they demand. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a key technique for achieving high data rates and spectral efficiency requirements for wireless communication systems OFDM is becoming the chosen modulation technique for wireless communications. OFDM can provide large data rates with sufficient robustness to radio channel impairments. The purpose of this paper is to implement the basic processing involved in the transmission and reception of an OFDM technique. The implementation of OFDM is done in MATLAB.

59-68

Authors: Muruganandam Mohanamurthy and Nur Yazdani

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite material wraps provide effective and economic solution for rehabilitating and upgrading of existing reinforced and precast concrete bridge structures with damage or deterioration, and is being used by many highway departments This study consisted of the review and comparison of relevant design guidelines and standards for FRP wrap strengthening of damaged concrete bridge elements, both from U.S.A. and abroad. Based on the flexural load carrying capacity of a prestressed bridge girder and possible failure modes, the various design provisions were validated against experimental results from literature and finite element analysis. FRP rupture, the preferred failure flexural mode, is validated in both experimental and theoretical analysis. In general, the code and practice guidelines are quite conservative in predicting the flexural strength of AASHTO type bridge girders with FRP wrapping. FRP strengthening design provisions are recommended based on the comparative study.

76-83

Authors: Prakash Sarkar

Na-carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) is biopolymer that offers immense structural possibilities for chemical and mechanical modifications to generate novel properties, functions and applications especially in biomedical area. In this work films fabricated from cmc incorporated with plasticizer at different weight ratios were prepared. This was carried out by employing a solvent-casting method incorporating halloysite nanoclay (nanotube) and silica nanoparticle (spherical) into the films. Scanning Electron Micrographs showed that nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously throughout the polymer matrix in all of the cmc-nanocomposite films; tensile test showed that the mechanical strength of the films increased with increasing nanoparticle concentration. It was observed from the thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) results that there is no significant variation in the thermal degradation temperature of the films with the addition of the nanoparticles. The hydrophilicity increased with the addition of nanoparticles, as seen from the contact angle, moisture content and water solubility results.

90-95

Authors: Raghavendra N, Pramod R Sharma and M C Math

This deals with design and analysis of two plate mould injection mould tool. The objective of this is to design two plate mould tool and analyze the material flow of the selected product. This describes the material flow analysis to analyzed the material flow in the part and identify the best gate locations of the components. The structural three-dimensional solid modeling of two plate mould was developed using the computer-aided drawing software. The strategy of analysis model was developed. The material flow and gate location analysis was then performed using Mould Flow low Plastic Insight software. The analysis model of the component was analyzed using the single cavities with cold runner design. It is observed that the analysis using Mould flow material flow analysis show the different orientation skin for different gate locations. Based on the analysis, improvement has been made to the part design and feed systems in the mould. This includes the location of the gate at the part design, size of sprue, runners and gates. From the analysis also, Plastic insight5 software helps to determine the part defects that might occurred during plastic injection moulding process such as Short shot, unequal filling, over filling, welding lines and others. From that, the optimum parameters setting are selected in order to get a quality plastic. So this will explain the plastic flow analysis clearly. The final design was done in solid modeling and details drawing using Solid Works software. The results can also significantly reduce the cost and time to fabricate the Tool. That is also can be a reference for the future works of fabrications.