Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Research

6-13

Authors: Prajapati ST*, Pathak SP, Thakkar JH, Patel CN

Risperidone nanoemulsion using different mucoadhesive agent as nasal drug delivery system was prepared to produce quick effect as compared to that of oral route. Solubility of drug was determined in different vehicles. Pseudo ternary phase diagram were generated using Acrysol K 150 as oil, tween 80 as a co-surfactant, and caproyl PGMC as a surfactant. The four formulations were prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method and were further characterized for their percentage transmittance, droplet size and zeta potential. Ex vivo diffusion study of the optimized batch was carried out using goat nasal mucosa. Histopathological study of the optimized batch was studied. Optimized formulation was found to possess the mean globule size 149 nm and zeta potential -17.3 mV. Ex vivo study revealed that at the end of 4 h, 93.76% of the dose was diffused successfully. In histpathological study, formulation treated mucosa did not showed any damage to the epithelium layer.

20-27

Authors: Patel TB*, Patel LD, Patel TR, Suhagia BN

Optimization techniques are abundant in pharmaceutical industry. In general, all the required information should be obtained from as few experiments as possible. Conventional techniques such as response surface models or simplex optimization are often used. With the advent of the computer in the laboratory, a new class of optimization problems arose which could not be tackled with the standard methodologies. For these search type problems, new strategies such as simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithms (GA) and artificial neural network are applied. Artificial neural network (ANN) is now become more efficient technique for the optimization of pharmaceutical formulation compared with the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis (MLRA). In the present investigation Self Organizing Featured Maps (SOFM) tool of ANN was implicated for the optimization of formulation of solid dispersion for fenofibrate. Solid dispersion was prepared using 32 full factorial design and the results obtained were evaluated using ANN for the optimization purpose. Solid dispersion was prepared using Poloxamer 407 as carrier and Lyophilization methods as method of preparation. Amount of Poloxamer 407 (X1) and lyophilization temperature (X2) was selected as independent variable, angle of repose and T90% was selected as dependent variables.Results of angle of repose and T90% obtained by factorial analysis was choose as set of ANN training data and results of check point analysis for angle of repose and T90% was choose as a set of test data for ANN. Both sets of data were trained using SOFM tool for ANN training using Software NEUROSOLUTION 6.31. Data was trained for satisfactory results.

31-34

Authors: Tripathi GK, Mayle S*

The objective of present investigation was to prepare and evaluate taste masked orodispersible tablet of levocetirizine dihydrochloride using superdisintegrants crospovidone and sodium starch glycolate for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The taste masking technique employed was using ion exchange resin technique whereas tableting was done using direct compression method. Prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, content uniformity, wetting time, in vitro disintegration time, water absorption ratio and stability studies. Among developed formulations, disintegration time was found to be rapid in F4 formulation. The in vitro dissolution time for F4 formulation was found to be 99.73% in 10 min. F4 formulation was found to be stable and retained their original properties during the testing period.

112-117

Authors: Arpit Patwari, Manan Dabhi, Ishwarsinh Rathod, Urvish Desai, Bhanubhai Suhagia*, Mukesh Sharma

High performance liquid chromatography and absorbance correction methods were developed and applied for the simultaneous determination of ofloxacin and cefixime. Chromatographic separation was achieved on reversed-phase C18 column(25 cm × 4.6 mm id, 5 µm) in the isocratic mode using methanol-water-triethylamine (25:75:1.5, v/v/v), pH adjusted to 3.50 ± 0.05 with orthophosphoric acid as the mobile phase at a flow rate 0.9 ml/min. Quantitation was achieved with UV detection at 254 nm. In the proposed HPLC method, quantification was achieved over the concentration range of 5-30 and 5-30 µg/ml, with mean recoveries of 99.95±1.31 and 100.36±1.24% for ofloxacin and cefixime respectively. In the absorbance correction method, quantification was achieved over the concentration range of 5-25 µg/ml for both drugs, with mean recoveries of 101.23±0.85 and 100.53±1.40% for ofloxacin and cefixime respectively. Determination was performed at 262.5 and 345.5 nm for ofloxacin and cefixime. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the analysis of synthetic mixtures and pharmaceutical formulations of ofloxacin and cefixime without any interference from common excipients. The results obtained by applying the proposed methods were statistically compared by the Student’s t-test.

124-128

Authors: Amaresh Prusty*

The objective of present study was to formulate and evaluate mouth dissolving tablets (MDTs) of poorly water soluble drug amlodipine by incorporating its inclusion complex with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD). The formulation of MDTs employed superdisintegrants crosspovidone and Ac-Di-Sol in different concentrations among which F3, consisting of 8 per cent of crospovidone was found to be the best formulation, as it exhibited minimum disintegration time (15 sec) and better drug release profile as compared to other formulations.

133-139

Authors: Joysree Das, Md. Muradur Rahman*

The present study was designed to investigate antioxidant and thrombolytic properties of chloroform extract of Bacopa monniera (L.), along with phytochemical study for the presence of chemical constituents. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assays. In DPPH scavenging method, scavenging of DPPH was observed in different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/ml). Plant extract found to demonstrate significant scavenging activity. Chloroform extract of Bacopa monniera (L.) showed significant clot lytic properties in different blood samples. The mean percent clot lytic activity of chloroform plant extract of Bacopa monniera (L.) was found to be 48.39%.