International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

4

Authors: Veena A Patil, Ashlesha R. Patil

Menstruation is a reflection of female’s reproductive life and this reflection showing too disturbing image these days, from precocious puberty (early menarche) to early hysterectomy and menopausal syndrome. Paricharya is a regimen to follow for a better and healthy living. In Ayurveda Acharyas has explained different paricharyas like Rajswala parichrya, Garbhini Paricharya, sutikaparicharya for better reproductive life of female. The female who is menstruating is termed as Rajswala, and the nirukti of word is ‘raj astiasya iti. ‘The word Raj is termed mainly for menstrual blood flow. Rajswala paricharya helps to tackle adverse physical, physiological, and neurological changes taking place in the women’s body.

4

Authors: Mrityunjoy Baroi, Dipak Kr.Goswami

A women during her menses is called as Rajaswala in Ayurveda, and the rules and regulations to be followed by her is mentioned under rajaswala paricharya. Ayurveda clearly mentions about practicing rajaswala paricharya and how it helps to keep herself healthy and her future conception. by the concept of shudda shukra (healthy sperm) and shudda artava (healthy ovum) in the creation of garbha, its very clear that concept of supraja jananam ie; healthy progeny begins at the very level of pre-conceptional care or even before that in the form of rajaswala paricharya.In this paper a critical analysis of rajaswala paricharya as mentioned in our acharyas Its clinical significance and possible effect on healthy progeny.

5

Authors: Radhika Rani V, Gopikrishna.S2 and Shashirekha K S

Kaphajakasa is one of the most prevalent disease of the pranavahasrotas. The lakshanas mentioned in the description of kaphajakasa can be correlated with most of the symptoms of acute bronchitis. The notable cause of acute bronchitis is thesecondary bronchi infections produced by an account of gram positive bacteria. Among that, the prior position is taken by Staphylococcus aureus.Tambula is indicated in kaphajakasa and isjanthujith. Apart from this,tambula is cost effective and easily available drug which possess numerous compounds which has higher medicinal values. Present in -vitro study was done to evaluate the efficacy of alcoholic extract of tambulapatra against Staphylococcus aureusin patients of kaphajakasa, to provide an evidence based approach to the kaphakasahara and janthujith karma of tambulapatra. From the observation and result,it is evident from the study that the alcoholic extract of tambulapatra has antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus in kaphajakasa.

6

Authors: Nitin Juneja

Ayurveda is the earliest health system established since the beginning of the civilization and having lots of information for longevity and health. If we ignore these instructions, like living with non expenditure of energy and sedentary lifestyle can create santarpanajanya vyadhi. Sthaulya is one among them, independently and/or in association with other disease. Saptaparna is well known to the present era since Purana Kala and it is used in various ailments as quoted by various lexicographic texts. In Su. Chi. 37/33 Anuvasana Taila has been mentioned which contains Saptaparna and is indicated in the treatment of Sthaulya. The drug Saptaparna possesses Tikta and Kashaya Rasa which brings out Upashoshana of Kleda and Meda. Further Tikta, Kashaya Rasa, Katu Vipaka and Ushna Veerya reduces Kapha. The present work entitled 'A classical review on Sthaulyahar effect of Saptaparna was taken up with the aim to find a new better remedy which is easily available, cheaper, devoid of any controversy, commonly known and used to give a better cure in patients of Sthaulya.

6

Authors: Sindhu Umesh, Pramodini Patil2 , Meghana N3 and Bharati

Cervical Erosion (CE) is characterized by denudation or destruction of Squamous Epithelium of ectocervix and replacement by Columnar Epithelium. The etymology of Vrana goes as, “Vrangatravichurnane”, meaning any pathology causingvichurnana, or the destruction of the part of body is considered as Vrana.This is similar to the pathology of Cervical Erosion. Further this pathological correlation establishes the type of Vrana w.r.t Dosha and the Dhatu (owing to the type of srava and vedana). Accordingly pathological diagnosis of Cervical Erosion is Vata Kaphaja –Mamsagata Garbhashayamukha Gata Vrana (GGV). The CE is clinically characterized by white discharge per vagina with Nabothian cysts on examination, which matches “karnikakaragranthi” and shleshmasrava of Karnini-Yoni-Vyapt (KYV)as Clinical Diagnosis.Thus with the critical analysis of Cervical erosion with Shat kriya kaala of Vrana pathology and lakshanas of Karnini Yoni Vyapat, the correlation to the Disease entity(CE) is derived.

6

Authors: Krishnapriya S, GazalaHussain2 and Anu Robert

Sanjeevani or sanjivani is a Sanskrit word and is translated directly as the one that gives life or as life giving. Reference of mrutsanjivanaagada is found in Charaka samhita chikitsasthana vishachikitsa adhyaya. It is indicated in all types of visha, makes a person victorious, revives a person who is apparently dead because of poisoning and cures fever. It is a herbo- mineral formulation that has forty three ingredients. The mineral drugs are arsenic compounds that act antagonist to other animate poisons.

7

Authors: Bishnupriya Mohanty, Sherin Sebastian2 and Sangram Keshari Das

Diabetes mellitus and Cardiovascular disease (CVD) often go hand in hand, it is common co morbidity in type 2 diabetes mellitus. People with diabetes are 415 million according to international diabetes federation of which 91% have type 2 diabetes mellitus. CVD is found more in type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to non- diabetes subject. It increases continuously with rising fasting plasma glucose level, even before reaching level sufficient for a diabetes diagnosis. Although there has been significant advances in the care of many of the extra pancreatic manifestation of diabetes, acute Myocardial infarction continuous to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic people. In person with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the death rats were 15.4% for those with no prior myocardial infarction and 42% in patient having a history of myocardial infarction. Researchers have found over 90% of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, have high risk if fatal heart attack disease or stroke within 10 years. A case of diabetes has undertaken to interpret the biochemical changes in pathology; which causes diabetes and in due course of its development can cause heart attack too.

7

Authors: Ragini Shukla, Shailesh Singh2 , Deepa3 and Mahesh Dixit

Ayurveda is the science of life by which a long, happy and healthy life can be achieved.Rasayana is definitely the only mean to accomplish it. RasayanaTantra is a distinct branch ofAshtanga Ayurveda. All classical treatises have explained Rasayanain great details. According to this, ‘Swasthasyaswasthyarakshanam’is the primary goal of Ayurveda which means to protect the health of a healthy person. In this context,Rasayana has been mentioned byAcharya to fulfillment this goal.Drugs, diet and regimens which promote longevity by delaying aging and preventing diseases are called Rasayana. A survey was conducted under Nirogi Rajasthanprogramme. In which we found significant amount of data related to RasayanSevana and their effect on longevity.Long and healthylife has been nurtured by man since ancient times. The survey study was done on 1500 persons, out of which 1070 persons take Rasayanaon daily basis. The overall percentage of RasayanaSevana was 71.33%.

7

Authors: Upadhyay Jay, Dave Alankruta

Introduction Urinary calculus is the most common afflict on the urinary system among other pathologies. It’s a chronic disease with acute symptomatology i.e., severe pain incidence and dysuria.It’s treatable with conservative management in the early stage with a good prognosis and speedy recovery. In the chronic phase, surgical intervention is essential in most cases though it comes with many complications and adverse effects. High S. Calcium level is a pathological stage, which can result in calcium crystal formation and deposition in the urinary tract leads to urinary calculus and obstruction of urinary pathway. Managing S. Calcium level can prevent further calculus formation and recurrence of calculus. Materials & Methods Total 32 patients, between the ages 18 to 70 years with classical symptomatology of urinary calculus and USG evident calculus in the urinary tract were registered& before treatment data was recorded. Patients were given Eladighanvati(500mg) each, 2 tablets 3 times a day with lukewarm water for 8 weeks. After treatment data was taken (Subjective & Objective) and assessed with proper statistical tests. Results In the subjective criteria,84.70% improvement was observed. In the USG investigation, 71.17% improvement was observed. In S. Calcium level, most of the subjects had slightly elevated S. Calcium levels, therefore no significant improvement was observed in it. In the overall assessment, 07 (21.88%) patients had marked improvement, 25 (78.13%) patients had moderate improvement. Conclusion Eladighanvati have a highly significant effect in the management of urinary calculus and have modulating effect for the S. Calcium level.

8

Authors: Meenu, Rashmi Kathait2 , Rakesh Kumar3 , Krishana Bihari4 and Ajai Kumar Pandey

Diabetes is one of the most complex illnesses requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial risk reduction strategies. Diabetic patients are prone to develop major foot complications like non-healing foot ulcer, cellulitis, abscess, gangrene and necrotizing fasciitis. Wound healing becomes a challenging task to biomedical science when associated with diabetic peoples. It becomes delay in diabetic conditions.Graded medical care like lowering blood sugar level, appropriate debridement of wound and treatment of infection, reducing friction and pressure and restoring adequate blood supply are the key measures for its successful management. In Ayurveda Vranashodhana and Ropana and Pathya-Apathya(diet and regimen) are preliminary step of wound management. In this study we have treated a case of diabetic foot associated with diabetic gangrene of 48 years female with Vranashodhana by Panchavalakala and Triphalakwatha followed by Vranaropana with Jatyaditaila, local bandage and some oral Ayurvedic medications. The patient is controlled diabetic under modern medications on doctor’s prescription. The complete wound healing was achieved in 30 days and gangrenous condition of ankle totally resolved without any complications and side effects.

8

Authors: N Pooja, A Arhanth Kumar2 , P H Shrikanth3 and PV Ramadas

Background: Anvaya is a method of rearranging the words to understand the proper meaning. It is a tool mentioned in the Sanskrit literatures. Though not many references are found it has been in use from the time of vedas. In present era, the current Ayurvedic curriculumdoes not stress on the tools like Vedangas, Anvaya, Tantrayukti etc which are mentioned to understand the classical texts like AshtangaHridayam. Thus, for reviving this practice among scholars and to reveal the knowledge hidden in ayurveda literature, it is important to understand the role of Anvaya. Objectives: To highlight the methodology of anvaya and its significance in understanding the exact, hidden, in-depth and contextual meaning with the help of examples. Materials and Methods: Thorough search of Sanskrit literature books like LaghuSiddhantaKaumudi, Shabdakalpadruma, TarkaSangrahais done, articles on literary tools are referred in internet to substantiate the methodology of anvaya. Then Ashtanga Hridayam – one among the classical literature is scanned to select appropriate examples to illustrate the objectives. Finally, a template for anvayakramais devised. Observation and Discussion: After scanning the various literatures, we observe that the concept of anvaya is told briefly in literatures.Also citing examples and detailing the methodology has helped to devise a template which is useful for teachers and students. Conclusion: This paper through examples exhibits the importance of anvaya in understanding any principle, its application, pathogenesis of a disease, process of medicine preparation and conditions to adopt a treatment protocol.

8

Authors: Zeba Firdouse, Anand Katti

The eye is one among the main sense organ of human beings. In Ayurveda, the importance of an eye has been stated with a quote “Sarvendriyaanaam Nayanam Pradhaanam”. It is composed of Panchamahabhutas with a dominance of Tejo Mahabhuta. Eye is a seat of Alochaka Pitta- Chaksurvaisheshika Alochaka Pitta. Netra Tarpana is considered as one of the best and important among Netra Kriyakalpas. Tarpana is considered to be the best purification and rejuvenation procedure for the eye. It is the specialized and effective treatment for various eye diseases. There is a great need for an effective ocular therapy for the prevention, mitigation and treatment of eye diseases having no or very least adverse effects. For many Netra Rogas, Netra Tarpana is considered as best treatment. For Tarpana, selection of Ghrita for the procedure carries prime importance. The Ghrita should be selected based on the Vyadhi and Dosha Dushti. In this article, the principle behind the selection of Ghrita for various eye diseases is discussed.

8

Authors: Sarma Nayanjyoti, Barman Pankaj Kumar2 and Medhi Champak

Fistula-in-ano is one of the most troublesome disease among ano-rectal disorders which causes inconvenience to the patient and the management are also not comfortable to the surgeons. According to Sushruta, the management of fistula-in-ano can be put under category of preventive & curative with surgical and parasurgical management. Kshara sutra therapy is a very popular treatment modalities for Fistula in ano due to less recurrence and less complications. Sushruta has mentioned 24 types of Kshara in the 11th chapter of SutraSthana. Kshara sutra is a unique medicated seton that helps in both mechanical and chemical cutting of the tract as well as drainage of pus and unhealthy granulation tissue from fistulous tract. In the present study of 150 numbers of patients were treated in five different groups of 30 which were selected randomly with different types of Guggulu based Kshara sutra prepared from Palash, Apamarga, Aragwadh, Aswamara and Saptaparna with an aim to evaluate the comparative efficacy.

9

Authors: Paras Wani, Neetu Jain

In medical care, patient satisfaction is a key indicator of the quality of care. Many studies have agreed on the fact that measuring patient satisfaction is a useful tool for determining the effectiveness of health care delivery and the quality of medical care provided. Hence, present study was aimed to determine the level of patient’s satisfaction with the quality of medical care services rendered by AYUSH unit of GTB Covid Care Centre and their perception towards integration of AYUSH services. GTB Hospital is a Covid designated hospital and AYUSH interventions were given to the Covid positive admitted patients. Study was conducted on 174 patients. Data were gathered through exit interviews of patients after obtaining their informed consent. The perception and attitude of patients was assessed using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Majority of the patients were satisfied after taking AYUSH Kwath/ AYUSH Joshanda and their perception was that AYUSH Kwath /AYUSH Joshanda is effective in decreasing the symptoms and it was found statistically significant, P<0.001.Majority of the patients were of the opinion that AYUSH services should be integrated with conventional system. The study found that overall patients were highly satisfied with the AYUSH services provided by the health facility

10

Authors: Hegde Pallavi, A Arhanth Kumar2 and P H Shrikanth

Background: Nyayas are methods, general rule, principles, or logical explanation through which various concepts are explained. The authors and commentators use these Nyayas in order to make the topic easier and understandable for the readers. Critical analysis of these Nyaya is need of the hour to reveal its practical applicability in clinical practice. Aims and objectives: To find out various Nyaya pertaining to pathological and curative aspects and to explore the role of such Nyayas in clinical practice. Methodology: Original textbooks of Bruhatrayi along with available commentaries, translations, published articles in peer-reviewed journal and other online materials are referred for the current study. Observation: After thorough screening of literature, it is found that few Nyayas could be significantly comprehended in clinical practice with their thorough philosophical background. Maximum number of Nyayas are regarding the philosophical aspects of literature. Maxims like Shrunga Grahika Nyaya, Gobalivardhana Nyaya, Kapinjaladhikarana Nyaya, Abhinava-mrut-kumbha-jala- lava-syandana Nyaya, Utsarga Apavada Nyaya, Dhatu Poshana Nyaya, TailapatradharaNyaya etc. found useful in understanding cause, pathology, curability of the disease. Further noticed that maxims are useful for even medicinal preparations, rules and regulation about diet and ethical clinical practice etc. Conceptual analysis and application of these maxims have been discussed in the full paper. Conclusion: Spectacular vision on the basic principles through these logical explanations are key for success in clinical practice. Hence, these Nyayas has to be analysed and applied for the treatment purpose.

10

Authors: Divya Aswal, Kumar2 , Sanjay Gupta3 and Nitesh Anand

Lumbar Spondylosis has become a roaring complaint due to its chronicity, incurability, complications and morbidity and is expected to increase in magnitude in coming years. Lumbar Spondylosis refers to the anatomical changes to the spine and intervertebral disc spaces. In the present study comparative assessment of Patra Pinda Swedana and Erand Mooladi Basti in lumbar spondylosis has been attempted. Forty two patients of either sex between the age of 40-70 years, having signs and symptoms of lumbar spondylosis were selected and randomly divided into two groups. In Group A, 2 sittings of 15 days each of Patra Pinda Swedana at an interval of 15 days was done and in Group B, 2 sittings of 15 days each of Erand Mooladi Basti at an interval of 15 days was given. Both the groups showed statistically highly significant (P<0.001) results in improving Katigraha, Katishula, tenderness, flexion, extension, left lateral flexion, right lateral flexion and VAS. Group A showed highly significant (P<0.001) result in improving Gridhrasivata Pida while Group B showed statistically significant (P<0.05) result. Both Basti and Patra Pinda Swedana provide effective result in such an agonizing condition but on comparative evaluation Basti provides sustained release.

10

Authors: K.J. Najma Sultana, Anand Katti2

Oral diseases are a major health problem worldwide. Poor oral hygiene is responsible for causing major risk for oral diseases. As oral health is the integral to general well-being, in Ayurveda, kavala and gandusha is considered as one of the daily regimens (dinacharya) that are to be practiced for maintaining oral health. Gandushaand kavalahas preventive and therapeutic properties. Hence this procedure can be adopted in both healthy and diseased persons. In Ayurveda, there is a detailed explanation about kavala and gandusha, types, various formulations and drugs, benefits etc. due to civilization ayurvedic mouthwashes are replaced by contemporary mouthwashes which limits its usage due to mucosal irritation, brown discoloration (staining) of teeth and its various hazardous effects. Complementary science recommends the use of mouthrinses that are prepared with various synthetic chemical. Now-a-days, chlorhexidine is the most efficacious compound used in mouthwashes which has antiplaque and antibacterial action ,but adverse effects associated with it are relatively higher. In the present work, problems due to usage of contemporary mouthwashes and ayurvedic view of kavalaand gandushawill be discussed and solutions by Ayurveda to overcome the Oro-dental problems.

15

Authors: Swati Bhingare, Rupaji Kadam2 and Ranjeet Sawant

In this most advanced techno-age making the human race is more susceptible to lifestyle-related disorders obesity has become a pandemic affecting the living standards of human beings. Obesity is the precursor of several comorbid conditions. Several recent studies have proposed that obesity is a risk factor for certain fractures indicated a strong contrary association between obesity and bone mineral density. As per the Saptadhatvatmak PurushSiddhanta (Principle of 7 body constituents), Meda (Fatty tissue) and Asthi (Bone tissue) Dhatu(body constituents) are interdependent and Health statistics link obesity with an increased risk of fracture which has an important public health implication and emphasizes the need to develop effective strategies to reduce fracture risk in obese subjects. The study is aimed to find the correlation between obesity and osteoporosis through a critical review of classical literature, modern literature, and published research work in PubMed and Google scholar index journals. The recent advances in biochemistry help to recognize the relationship between obesity and osteoporosis. The study shows that consuming a high-fat diet, inactive lifestyle, or lack of physical exercise hampered several metabolic pathways (RANKL/RANK/OPG Pathway), changes the fate of mesenchymal stem cells from their normal destination, and altered bone homeostasis. The above study can answer how the etiopathogenesis of obesity-induced osteoporosis can be interrupted by adopting a healthy lifestyle and proper choice of treatment.