371-379
WEEDS DIVERSITY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE EXISTENCE OF MAIN PESTS AND DISEASES IN THEOBROMA CACAO IN TABANAN DISTRICT, BALI PROVINCE INDONESIA
Authors: I Ketut Widnyana , Ni Gst. Ag. Gde EkaMartiningsih , I Made Suryana , Cokorda Javandira , Ni Nyoman Yudiarini
Number of views: 278
Cocoa is one of the plantation commodities which in the last decade has become a source of income
for Balinese farmers. However, the current condition of farmers' income from cocoa cultivation
has decreased due to several factors including weeds, pest and diseases. This study aims to
determine the type and dominance of weeds on cocoa plantations, their impact on cocoa main pests
and diseases. The research was carried out by the observation method, namely direct observation
of the farmers' cocoa gardens. Weed samples were calculated using the quadratic method,
observing the attack of pests was determined by diagonal methods before and after the maintenance
of cocoa plants. The results of the study found that there were 10 species of weeds that disrupted
cocoa plants in Tabanan regency namely, Cyperusrotundus L, Imperatacylindrica L,
Arachniodesaristata (G. Forst) Tindale, Brachiariamutica, Colocasia esculenta L Schott,
Crassocephalumcrepidioides, Axonopuscompressus (Swartz) Beauv , Mikania micrantha Kunt,
Ageratum conyzoides L, Synedrellanodiflora L. The highest density was found in the S. nodiflora
L. type which was 5.73 units / m2, followed by A. conyzoides L. 4.86 units / m2, and C.
crepidioideswhich was 4.0 units / m2. The lowest density is found in I. cylindrica L which is 0.86
units / m2. The poorly maintained cocoa plantations, only 30.14% of the potential results that
should have been obtained, 31.37% were damaged by Phytophthora palmivora, 21.16% damaged
by Helopeltis sp. and 17.33% were damaged by Conophomorpacramerella. Technical
improvement in cultivation canincrease potential the results by 62.86% of total cocoa production.
Besides that, there was a decrease in the attack of P. palmivora to only 7.84%, Helopeltis sp. 5.70%
and C. cramerella 12.5%.