Sochi Journal of Economy

142-150

Authors: Veronika A. Akhmerova, Nadezhda K. Serdyukova

The article is devoted to the topic of improving service technologies in domestic and inbound cultural tourism. Now the preferences and tastes of consumers are constantly changing, so it is becoming more relevant to search for new forms of tourist service. Today Sochi is Russia's largest resort destinations with various types of tourism (beach, health-improving, business, event, ski, active and also Olympic). Sochi has a rich historical and cultural heritage. Magnificent sanatorium-palaces, theaters, buildings of sea and railway stations are connected with the interesting history of development of Sochi as a resort. Cultural and historical objects of the city are increasingly attracting the interest of tourists. The role of cultural tourism is growing. There are many companies offering services for the tourists. In order to have an advantage in the competition for consumers, it becomes increasingly important to search for new forms and ways of servicing. To implement this goal, it is possible to introduce new types of excursion routes for Sochi Hop-on, Hop-off, that is, with the possibility of an exit for acquaintance with the object of the show. Currently, such buses have gained immense popularity all over the world, they could be found in the largest tourist centers. China, Singapore, the United States, Canada, Spain, Germany – not the entire list of countries where excursions on double decker are popular. The article also analyzes statistical data on the dynamics of domestic and inbound tourism in Russia, as well as offers of cultural-cognitive products on the market. A study of consumers was conducted to determine the attractiveness of a new tourist product based on the online survey. The results showed that this tourist product would contribute to improving the competitiveness of the city of Sochi and, as a result, the development of domestic and incoming tourism in Russia as a whole.

161-169

Authors: Galina D. Bryukhanova, Svetlana V. Grinenko

The development of the public catering sector is a priority task due to the demand, especially in a region that has a significant tourist and recreational potential. In the framework of the policy of import substitution, in conjunction with world trends in the organization and functioning of various catering systems, a management model should be developed to ensure the implementation of multi-level objectives: enterprise prosperity, industry development, attractiveness and economic growth of the municipality and region. The conjugation of the public catering sector with the agricultural sector makes it possible to form a tripartite system of partnerships with a view to realizing the imperatives of import substitution within the framework of existing sanctions in the field of food supply. Partnerships are built on the basis of coordinating the interests of the state (region, municipality), agricultural enterprises, processing enterprises, catering enterprises. This system will ensure economic growth in the region and receive local economic and social effects for all participants.

184-193

Authors: Svetlana V. Grinenko

The development of post-Soviet countries as independent states with a common history determines the specificity of the formation and functioning of the labor markets of the conjugated territories. Conjugation in this case is understood in a broad sense – geographic, economic, social, geopolitical. In modern conditions of globalization and open borders, the labor market tends to form regional migration systems, characterized by a number of features of the flow of labor resources within the range around the center of attraction. The post-Soviet space is such an area that represents the conjugate territories with the center of attraction – Russia, as the most economically developed country with a high level of wages. The article presents the research stage devoted to the assessment of migration flows between the countries of the post-Soviet space from 1997 to 2016, with the identification of factors determining the trends of migration growth. As the host country, Russia was chosen, which is the point of direction of centrifugal forces within the framework of the «center-periphery» theory.

204-208

Authors: Lyudmila N. Prikhodko, Ekaterina V. Belyakova

We were analyzed the problems of water supply for the population of global scale and regional importance. A method for the electrolysis-structural activation of water, oriented on the use of initial fresh rainwater or desalinated membrane technology of sea waterin a mix with biologically purified household sewage waters. This method can be used on sea vessels, in arid regions of the planet, in areas with saline groundwater. Activation of water is achieved by mixing biologically purified wastewater obtained by technology that ensures the quality of purified water at the level of requirements for release in a fishery pond and desalinated water (rainwater) or obtained by reverse osmosis in a ratio of their volumes not more than 10:1.

226-233

Authors: Galina M. Romanova, Evgeniya V. Vidishcheva, Elena K. Vorobei

The article discusses the сongress industry. Today, it is an effective tool to stimulate the activities of various sectors of the economy and the development of regional infrastructure, to improve the investment climate and enhance the image of cities as international cultural and business centers. The authors note that the congress industry is a dynamically developing, highly profitable and stable sector of the world economy. The south of Russia is gradually becoming the leader of the russian congress market. The article presents the analysis of the main indicators of the region's industry, the role of the subjects of the Krasnodar region in the all-russian hierarchy and the further directions of development. The relevance of the research of the congress services market is determined by the importance of such events in the region. Taking part in congresses and forums, companies have the opportunity to make useful acquaintances, meet with partners from other countries, to demonstrate their product, to exchange experience and knowledge, in other words – to give a new impetus to their business. The authors conclude that the сongress market of the resort shows the positive dynamics, but the lack of clear strategic guidelines and statistics does not allow to adequately assess the effectiveness of this development.

241-248

Authors: Mikhail A. Zdorov

The article considers the methodological approaches to economic valuation of the recreational resources of the region (rent, cost, regulatory, etc.), gives their critical evaluation, as well as the expediency of the use of comprehensive evaluation method. It consists of grouping all existing methods and highlighting performance indicators for each group of methods. The method of hierarchy as a reflection of the degree of interdependence and mutual influence of subsystems and components, features of the system structure, their differentiation by functions. The method of system integration and differentiation of components as a unity of opposites, ensuring the integrity of the system. The development method (structural transformation) as a qualitative change of the system. The content of the system development is a change in the degree of its structural organization, the degree of harmonization of its components and the diversity of its links with the environment. The higher is the organization of the system, the higher is the rate of its development. The system of calculation of the integral (complex) indicator of economic evaluation of recreational resources is given.

4-14

Authors: Jelisavka Bulatović, Goran Rajović

The text gives a geographical view of areas of mountains and valleys of the northern region of Montenegro with aspect of mapping, typology and landscape protection. According to the Ministry of Tourism and Sustainable Development of the Government of Montenegro (2015) in the areas of mountains and valleys of the northern region of Montenegro we highlight the landscape of regional character and local level (Figure 1). On Figure 2 we distinguish the following character types landscape: valley and basin mountain rivers; gorge and canyons of mountain rivers; plains, fields, plateaus; urban settlement; water accumulation of the lake; lower mountain type; Mountain landscape type and high mountain type landscape. Terminology and methodology applied in Montenegro studies of landscape, in the context of its protection, were discussed in very numerous publications. Finally, in concluding observations, we point to some aspects of cultural cartography and the study of landscapes in the past. When archaeological or historical landscapes are concerned, always the time that has already passed is being studied. Thus, it can be claimed Karro et al. [1] emphasizes using research Widgren [2] that the reconstructions of past landscapes are imagined, and may or may not be real. Unfortunately, it is impossible to say how much reality those reconstructions actually include, because treating evidence and the use of different theories and methodologies affect the result (e.g., the difference between retrospective and reconstructive method).

23-28

Authors: Boris A. Ermakov

This article assesses the feasibility of establishing self-regulating organizations (SRO) of the resort and tourist businesses on the regional level based on analyzing norms and regulations on SROs in the Russian Federation. It is recognized that self-regulation provides for the most favorable conditions for achieving strategic goals of the recreation and tourism business development in the region and resolving of specific tasks at minimum costs. In addition, development of the modern recreation and tourist business management at the regional level as a set of rational combination of the management system methods and links in relationship with other management systems in time and space, would be difficult without introducing the self-regulation mechanisms. More details on aspects characterizing the SROs’ activities in the recreation and tourism business could be provided within the framework of individual studies carried out with regard to the specific features of any given tourist regions.

38-45

Authors: Valentina A. Krakhina, Yulya S. Valueva

The article deals with the theoretical issues of the essence of the valuation of commercial real estate, examines the opinions of various scientists on this concept, it is clarified that the assessment is based on the valuation of the property of the enterprise. In view of the identification of the terms "valuation of real estate" and "examination of real estate", the types of economic examination are considered, a comparative characteristic of the indicated concepts is carried out, their main characteristics are given. It is clarified that the examination is conducted with a view to resolving civil disputes and conducting litigation. The concept of expertise is broader than the evaluation of real estate, as it includes, in addition to determining the value of the object, the definition of violations and changes in the financial and economic mechanism of management. The expediency of applying the term "economic valuation of real estate" is substantiated. The objects relating to commercial real estate are defined, its types are considered, the participants in the assessment are identified, and the cases in which the objects are assessed are identified. Based on the study of the literature, conclusions are drawn that the objectivity and effectiveness of the valuation of real estate objects is enhanced if the motives of the parties concerned are taken into account; to improve the management of commercial real estate, it is necessary to take into account factors affecting the value of commercial real estate.

60-67

Authors: Matvey S. Oborin

Sanatorium and resort activity occupies a significant place in strengthening the health of the population of the Russian Federation. Historically occupying an important place in the health care system, the sanatorium complex has not lost its practical significance, moreover, the strategic objectives of improving the quality of life of every citizen and ensuring the availability of health services only confirm the important role of specialized enterprises in the socio-economic development of the state. At this stage, the priority task is to ensure the quality of management of health resorts. Analysis of these statistics indicates that the activity of the health resort complex is unprofitable in many regions of the Russian Federation, which are considered the leaders of the market of health resort services. Problems of efficiency of management of the profile enterprises rendering medical and improving services are considered on the example of the Central Federal district, only one region in which positive operational result is received is revealed: Tula region. The main results of the study: sanatorium-resort complex is affected by the negative impact of macroeconomic factors, industry-specific problems have to be overcome on the basis of external and domestic policy measures. Public Finance programmes are essential for reducing losses, and internal controls must be based on the effective use of capacity and the introduction of new management methods and technologies.

79-93

Authors: Vladimir N. Sharafutdinov, Elena V. Onischenko

The article discusses the expediency of including regional tourist products in the competitiveness assessment objects, which opens new perspectives in improving the management of tourism development in the regions, as it complements and enriches the picture of regional comparisons of the tourist potential by analyzing the effectiveness of its use. The features of the regional tourist product as an object of competitive relations are presented on the basis of the principles of sustainability, integrity and manufacturability. Author's interpretation of the concept of «competitiveness of the regional tour product» is given from the perspective of its sustainable reproduction. The features of this economic category are revealed. According to the authors, the proposed approach will allow not only to more adequately identify the competitive advantages of regional tour products of Russia, but also to come close to investigating ways and practical ways of actively demonstrating the civilizational features and advantages of Russian civilization.

101-122

Authors: David Umoru, Efosa Osayamen A. Evbuomwan, Benedict Imimole

This paper estimates import demand functions for Nigeria using yearly data for 2000 to 2017 on basis of dynamics of distributed lag model in line with first-order Koyck lag transformation. GLS estimator was utilized in two ways: Estimation without any restriction imposed on lag coefficients and estimation by restricting Koyck lag weights to satisfy erstwhile assumption of smoothness. Our chosen restriction was such that lag coefficients exponentially decline from initial impact to zero at a lag length of .For estimation without restrictions, probability values of Wald statistic were insignificant. As regards estimation with restrictions, our restrictions on lag coefficients were significant and as such our analysis of results was focussed on estimations with coefficient restrictions. The empirics upholds structural import equation as most well-behaved import function for predicting variation in Nigeria’s demand for importation with a mean lag of 1.088 years, median lag of 1.063 years and variance of lag distribution of about 2.271 years. In light of its low variance, it shows that impact of foreign reserves holding and import tariff reduction is spread over 2 years. Thus, consequent upon changes in foreign reserves holding and tariff reduction policy, 52.1 % changes in Nigeria’s demand for importation is completed in one year, implying somewhat rapid adjustment. Overall, our empirics denotes that Nigeria’s import demand behaviour are significantly responsive to foreign reserves holding, tariff reduction policy and final consumption expenditure. Nevertheless, lag distributions exhibit a sequence of lag coefficients that bounce around positive and negative numerals and so outlying (outliers) in a way not in conformity to economic theory. Hence, the lag distributions are unstable and so diverge as lag length escalates in the long-run. Consequently, with all estimated import functions, the policy response is oscillatory. This implies that response of import demand to government policy on importation is dynamically inconsistent. Such oscillation could be propelled by sensitivity of Nigeria’s demand for importation to fluctuating economic circumstances prompted by recent recessionary sequence and its associated economic disorder via reality of Nigerian business cycle given oil price shocks and its socio-economic vulnerability effect on the nation. So, while Nigerian government prudently implement expenditure-reducing policies, there is need to sustain a balance between protection of import substituting industries for the drive to enhancing indigenous production and maintaining a positive payment balance by adequate international reserves through ample acquisition of official remittances to strengthen the country’s import funding when the demand to import for national development becomes vital.

132-138

Authors: Svetlana V. Zheurova

The author analyzes the macro- and micro-environments, key elements of the external environment on the example of a particular enterprise LLC "Primorskiy Konditer". The interrelation of the main micro- and macro-environment factors and their influence on the development of the organization are analyzed. The options of strategies of behavior of the vorganization are considered. The author, in relation to LLC "Primorskiy Konditer", identified and analyzed a number of factors, including: economic, social, technological, legal, demographic, cultural, political and natural. Having considered each position, the author noted that the economic factor has the greatest negative impact on LLC "Primorskiy Konditer", after which they were offered a ranking of factors having a positive impact on this enterprise. The author analyzes the activity of the enterprise "Primorskiy Konditer", as well as its competitiveness and advantages. The article contains one figure and two tables compiled by the author.

258-267

Authors: Valerii D. Andreev

The article discusses the essence of risk-based audit of financial statements, the most significant risks arising in its preparation. The article discloses the risk factors, methods of falsifying of financial statements, financial indicators as a tool to detect fraud. The article gives the stages, the main tasks and procedures of a risk-based audit of financial statements. The authors conclude that the risks of falsification of financial statements are the common type of economic crime. It requires the development of methods of its auditing and using IAS. The development of an algorithm of risk-based audit, the sequence of audit actions that take into account ways of falsifying financial statements are of great importance. It is necessary to define the main directions of the risk-based audit of the most important forms of financial reportingin determining the appropriate level of its distortions, affecting the financial condition, identifying the circumstances and risk conditions, signs of possible fraud.

276-281

Authors: Kristina A. Lakerbaya, Boris A. Ermakov

This article, on the basis of the official data provided by the State Statistical Office of the Republic of Abkhazia, analyses the tourist flow dynamics in comparison with the Krasnodar region (KR) in general and with the resort city of Sochi in particular within the period of 2009-2017. This time interval is the most notable one for identifying the factors that influence the size and structure of domestic and inbound tourist flows, because it includes the period of preparations for the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014, the Olympic and post-Olympic periods, as well as the time interval after the economic sanctions against Russia were imposed and the beach holiday destinations, popular in Russia, such as Egypt and Turkey, were closed. Based on this analysis the article concludes that sustained tourist flow in the Republic of Abkhazia with the positive dynamics of its development is possible only in case the accommodation pricing policy is adjusted towards a significant reduction, and a high level of service and security in the hospitality areas is ensured.

295-301

Authors: Mikhail M. Morozov

In the conditions of the digital economy, new principles of information support and management of tourism are being formed, which requires improving the information support of the tourist business as a subsystem of the information society. The article considers information and communication technologies used in tourism and based on Internet technologies. The basic directions of application of Internet technologies for promotion of tourist products, enterprises of the tourism industry and tourist destinations are described. A study was made of the specifics of the application of Internet technologies, taking into account the information and communication goals set.

311-315

Authors: Matvei S. Oborin, Tat'yana E. Gvarliani

The resort and recreation complex has now received a dynamic development momentum, however, there are a number of negative trends in its development, which are revealed and reflected in this article. The efficiency of management of sanatorium-resort services in the work is assessed on the basis of the results of the financial and economic activities of SROfor the North-West federal district. The solution of problems is considered taking into account the system approach to management. The authors state that an important aspect of improving the quality of management is the formation of a risk management system that will allow to identificate timely the negative impact factors, to evaluate the effect of using indicators.This will help to budget reasonably, identify the necessary amounts of financial resources that are necessary for enterprises of SRO, create funds and reserves.

322-332

Authors: Nelli A. Savel'eva, Ekaterina N. Krest'yaninova

In the article the authors present a detailed analysis of socio-economic factors in the development of organizational culture of the enterprise. There are given the characteristics of organizational culture as a socio-economic phenomenon. The author's definition of organizational culture of departments of the enterprise in the system of conflict resolution management is given. There are analyzed the existing definitions of organizational culture and evolution studies of this phenomenon, highlighted 4 main stages in its development. In the scientific literature, organizational culture is considered as a factor in the development of the organization, a tool for managing organizational change, a factor of effective personnel management. However, despite the rather wide interest of the authors to the problem of the development of organizational culture, in practice to date, the management of enterprises does not pay due attention to the formation and development of organizational culture. The level of development of organizational culture directly determines the efficiency of enterprises. In turn, the development of organizational culture is influenced by a number of factors: political, religious, social, cultural and economic. The managers of the enterprise and its separate subdivisions are required to produce an in-depth analysis of these factors and respond to changes in the internal and external environment of the organization for effective management of organizational culture. This circumstance determined the relevance of the topic of the study.

341-351

Authors: David Umoru, Sylvester Ohiomu

This study examines the inter-relationship between money supply and investment volatility in Nigeria using a restricted VAR model. With estimated VAR object of class “varest”, a restricted VAR was estimated by choosing scheme“ser”. In which circumstance, we re-estimated each equation distinctly with provision of our t-values in absolute value below the threshold value regulated by the function's argument thresh. The core condition that generated was that our variables are co-integrated. From economic view, joint dynamics of our variables that was embodied in the restricted VAR model makes the operational form a depiction of the underlying, structural plus economic relationships. In consequence, our variables contemporaneously impacted each other and error terms became uncorrelated economic shocks which drive the dynamics of our economic variables and hence implicitly implies zero correlation between stochastic disturbances as a preferred property. Empirically, our study reveals that the disturbance to broad money supply causes volatility in aggregate investment. The outcome of the study indicates unpredictable effects of shocks in money supply. The ‘monetary authorities’ should target broad money supply in executing monetary policy in Nigeria and the Federal government should pay heed to investment drives and interest rate management in order to advance the activities of the real sector in Nigeria.

154-161

Authors: Boris A. Ermakov

This article analyzes the tourist flow volume and structure in the Krasnodar Region (KR) for the period 2010-2016 on the basis of the official statistical data. This time span includes pre-Olympic, Olympic and post-Olympic periods and is illustrative for identifying the factors that influence the tourist flow. According to the author, it now requires adequate interpretation that could serve a basis for shaping more subtle assessment of the tourism industry development trends in the region.

167-173

Authors: Nadezhda A. Keschyan, Anna O. Balabanova

The article considers the current problems of vocational guidance in education, in municipal institutions of secondary education and higher education. Also explores the concept of networking, its importance and need, describes the modern forms of networking. The special attention is paid to the support of networking development at the state level, the areas of networking support in government programs, the development prospects of forms of networking in the future. There is studied the experience of network interaction between educational institutions of secondary education and universities. The main forms of interaction are provided to improve the quality of professional orientation of young people, available and implemented in practice. For the development and improvement of quality of vocational orientation of young people, methods and tools which are used for these purposes should be modern, clear and close for young people. In conclusion the authors proposed the modern directions for improving the network interaction between educational institutions of secondary education and universities.

181-186

Authors: Olga V. Konanykhina, Tatyana P. Levchenko

The newest global trends in development of tourism in many respects are defined by the concept of stability of his development. Now more and more obvious are questions connected with transition of the sphere of tourism to a way of sustainable development. Practice has shown that the fast and insufficiently controlled growth of the tourist sphere which puts as one of is more whole fast receiving economic benefits, in many respects leads to negative consequences as results in damage of the environment and destruction of the basis which controls functionality and success of development of tourism. Sustainability issues any socio-economic system, which applies fully and tourism, is extremely systematic and multicriterion nature as development strategies should be a whole space based on multiple levels-global, national, territorial, municipal, cluster, local and many others. To date, created quite a number of conceptual approaches to the calculation of the level of sustainable development. However, a number of critical issues methodological and statistical purposes, the complexity in identifying and calculating, resulted in a single universal integral indicator simply does not exist. It is very difficult to combine in one method of different socio-economic systems (countries, regions), because each of them has its own specific priorities and disparate problems. Today, many international system of indicators include not fully aggregated indicators for sustainable development on a number of issues, they often represent a multicomponent system that is quite complicated in practical application. However, positive moments of both approaches is the fact that the theory and practice of submitted studies on sustainable development of tourism defines a system of indicators and indicators for assessing sustainability based on dynamics, that allows you to reflect the long-term world economic trends.

192-198

Authors: Dmitry Y. Kulishkin, Yuri I. Verbin

The impact of the Olympic legacy may have a dual nature that gives rise to scientific controversy in the assessment. The article considers the actual problems of influence of the Olympic legacy in host cities and issues of an estimation of its contribution to socio-economic development of tourist areas. There was expanded and added the well-established in scientific practice the approach to undertaking the research in the area of effect on the host territory of the Olympic legacy. The indicators of the evaluation of the contribution of the Olympic heritage to the development of the tourist territory are reflected and the value of the integral indicator is disclosed. The article gives the example of scenario planning which helps to identify the opportunities and prospects of development of the territory based on the influence the Olympic legacy, as well as smooth of the negative aspects of such influence.

205-214

Authors: Natalya S. Morozova, Daria D. Makarova

There is the high level of the tourist potential for organizing tourism activities and developing tourism in the Russian Federation. We can note the positive dynamics of the development of the tourist regions of the Russian Federation. Many territorial entities of the Russian Federation are not ready to accept tourists for various reasons: the lack of the comfortable living conditions, the higher cost of the tourist services and the transportation services and many others problems. The sphere of tourism is at the stage of the modernization in the Russian Federation. There are implementing the tourism development programs at the federal and regional levels. This program is to ensure the development of the tourism, to improve the quality and cost-effectiveness of tourism activities. It is planned to improve the organization of tourist activities in the tourist regions of the Russian Federation in accordance to the concept of the federal program "Development of domestic and incoming tourism in the Russian Federation in 2019-2025 years. There is the compliance with the tourism infrastructure of the territorial formations of the tourist flows that an important condition for improving the economic efficiency of sphere of the tourism. There is the degree of balance between tourist flows and the tourist infrastructure of the tourist regional since this ratio depends on the quality of the tourism services and satisfaction of tourists.

223-232

Authors: Svetlana I. Pustovoytenko

At the basis of successful development of tourist business in many economically developed countries of the world (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) lies the systematic and interdisciplinary nature of tourism research. The article provides a brief overview of the existing approaches to studying the structural components of the tourism system in order to determine the positive and negative factors of its development. Tourism is seen as a system, each component of which can be identified and studied. You can analyze a single aspect (for example, tourism economics, sociology of tourism, tourism pedagogy, insurance, medicine in tourism, etc.), limited to tourism as a sphere of activity. It is necessary, in our opinion, to analyze the cause-effect relations of interaction between all aspects of the tourism industry. To systematize the factors of the positive and negative impact of tourism on the development of recreational areas, on the economy of the country, on the solution of the basic social task of tourism is the recreation of the population of the country. The aspect of the systematic and interdisciplinary nature of research should be taken into account in theoretical developments in the field of tourism. The main result of theoretical developments is the offer on the tourist services market of a quality tourist product that is safe and accessible to all categories of the population and does not damage the recreational area and significantly replenishes its budget. The formation of specialized tourist funds is proposed, the funds from which can be used to develop a quality system in domestic tourism. The creation of a theoretical base for the development of tourism in the most economically developed countries of the world seems to be topical, which can form the basis for successful business development in the tourism industry, the development of the domestic tourism policy, and strategic and tactical tourism development plans. However, currently negative factors of tourism development continue to act, which need to be analyzed, identified, accounted for, neutralized or minimized in time. In 2017, the bankruptcy of domestic tour operators continues. The need to establish a mechanism to protect domestic producers, in this case, producers of tourist services – Russian tour operators and domestic tourism products from the absorbing activity of global international tourist concerns, is underlined. The methodological approaches used in the article are based on general scientific methods: comparison, generalization, analysis, synthesis, system analysis, analogy method. The provisions of the article can be used in the theory and practice of tourist activities.

240-246

Authors: David Umoru, Efosa Osayamen A. Evbuomwan

The paper analyses link between external reserves and oil prices using unrestricted VAR estimation from 1996 to 2016. The results reveal that movement in oil prices deteriorates reserves level and causes deep fluctuations in government expenditure in Nigeria. However, such effect on foreign reserves is rather delayed and more prominent on the long-run. At any rate the price of oil, Nigeria’s battle with propensity of foreign reserves may end up an exercise in vainness except the nation diversify from one foremost source of funding, oil. Based on findings, we recommend need for Nigeria to devise additional basis of revenue.

82-89

Authors: Valerii D. Andreev

The article reveals the role of internal control and audit in the system of ensuring the economic safety of the enterprise and the basic directions of improvement of their methodology.The study shows that the economic security in its activities is largely based on information and practices of internal control and internal audit. The indicators of economic security, threshold values can be obtained, and activities are designed with participation of specialists of these services. The establishment of effective internal control that ensures the achievement of economic security is complex managerial task, which can only be solved by consolidated efforts of the management and services of the economic entity. This requires the integration of the methods of work of internal control and internal audit, economic security services.

94-98

Authors: Clémence Barthélémy

This article is dedicated to the cooperation between Russia and France in the field of tourism and culture, which is indispensable part of the modern economy. The Franco-Russian Intercultural cross year, on our mind, stimulates great advantages to strengthen economies and cultural maters of both countries. Nowadays, such event is an effective way to promote bounds between people of different cultures and set aside political disagreements. Cultural and scientific events are organized in both countries and one of main ideas is to promote discovering of different visions on cultural and economic events in both countries. We think that such event is very important because it helps visitors to make quite vision and provide more understanding of the another country, foremost it is needed for people who do not have a chance to travel abroad. Cross year leads to promote tolerance, arts, science, literature, history and the most important it helps to make clear vision of the future of the world.

107-115

Authors: Muhammad Idrees, Aneel Salman, Nedim Makarevic

This paper examines the economic and political twist of reliance of Pak-China Economic Corridor (CPEC). It explores the political and economic imperative of CPEC particularly for both countries and generally for south Asia. It also examines the incentives of trade Via Gawader to its counterpart Chahbahar port. Further the paper develops four possible scenarios to assess the coincident of economic and political pragmatism of the project on the region. We find that CPEC provides an opportunity to twist inter economic, political and social integration among Pakistan, China, India, Afghanistan and Iran and intra socio-economic and political ties with central Asia and Middle East. However, the optimal utilization and its repercussion effects on the region depend on Pak-China policies, the behavior of neighbor countries toward CPEC, role of international players and comparative advantage of Gwadar vs Chahbahar. The most desired effects could be obtained by using the project for highly economic purpose.

124-137

Authors: Elena V. Onishchenko

The UN General Assembly has declared 2017 as the International year of sustainable tourism development. One of the main components that affect the processes of sustainability of the tourism sector of the economy, both abroad and in Russia, is the regional factor. The article is devoted research of preconditions for the sustainable reproduction of regional tourism products affects the reasons hindering the formation of necessary system of management of the tourist sector of the Russian economy at the regional level. The author carries out the analysis economic, welfare and ecological prerequisites of emergence of the concept of steady reproduction of regional tourist's products, as new direction in the modern theory of tourism.

145-150

Authors: Galina V. Vorontsova, Alina V. Shcherbakova

The article determines the theoretical and practical significance of the branding of the territory and the features of its formation in modern conditions. The marketing tools and technologies necessary for branding the territory are considered. The role of effective branding in increasing the marketing potential of the territory is shown. Approaches to brand formation are considered on the example of one of the Russian regions – the Stavropol Territory. The recommended approaches to the assessment of the attractiveness of the Stavropol Territory were determined, recommendations for positioning the Stavropol Territory among other subjects of the Russian Federation were developed, and the main theoretical and methodological approaches to the branding of the analyzed territory, reflecting its strengths and allowing the most effective use of available opportunities.