Revista Clio América

146-159

Authors: Luis Fernando Quintero Arango

his article is derived from research conducted in retail stores in the city of Medellin, Colombia. The purpose of the research was to consider how Corporate Social Responsibility has an impact on clients and interest groups. The research was carried out through a qualitative methodology, through a hermeneutical approach. It should be noted that the epistemological sources have a foundation that supports the management of Corporate Social Responsibility, contributing to a business construction in a comprehensive and strategic manner. However, it was identified that companies in the retail sector are not convinced that acting in accordance with Corporate Social Responsibility contributes to their reputation and generates a positive impact on their clients and interest groups. The results of the study suggest two proposals to implement social responsibility in companies in this sector; First, consideration is given to considering social responsibility within the strategic plan of companies, and the second is to identify the way in which Social Responsibility contributes brand value and reputation to customers and other stakeholders.

169-176

Authors: Jahir Enrique Lombana Coy, Alberto Elías Muñoz-Santiago

Specific socio-economic dynamics have resulted in increasing development gaps among countries. Some approaches attibute development to an emphasis on productive factors related to labor force formed for either manual skills, either intellectual ones. This article centers around the relationship between competitiveness, education and employability to contribute to this discussion. Based on the review of authors that show the evolution of this relationship between productive factors and development, each section proposes reflections on the theoretical debate and the empirical observation, particularly regarding developing countries.

188-204

Authors: Claudia Díaz Sarmiento, Mariangela López Lambraño, Laura Roncallo Lafont

he generational diversity currently interacting in the workplace represents a challenge for organizations as the development of actions aimed to attract and retain the best human talent becomes more complex. This article describes the concept of “generation”, analyzing different approaches. It also classifies the various generational groups that have existed in society, according to their emerging date and replacement by next generation. Finally, it does a brief analysis of the Baby Boomer generation, Generation X and Generation Y or Millennials, emphasizing aspects such as attitudes towards work, main motivations and preferences in education. This is a valuable contribution to the understanding of the characteristics of generational groups that converge in the workplace, providing organizations with useful information for the development of effective strategies to select, retain and motivate their workforce, while taking advantage of the strengths of each generational group.

219-239

Authors: Mario Enrique Uribe Macías

sually, the elements constituting entrepreneurship are analyzed separately, which can make interested parties to lose the holistic vision characterizing it. This paper aims to propose analytical elements that can help to broaden the discussion and to lay foundations for subsequent empirical studies strengthening the state of the art on the subject. A documental review technique was used, centered around six conceptual elements tied to entrepreneurship --from the personal level (characteristics of the entrepreneur, leadership, personality, relational capital) to the structural one (corporate entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial ecosystem). The results highlight the relationships between the above mentioned elements and entrepreneurship to show the way they influence the work of the entrepreneur as well as the effect of relational capital upon new individual enterprises and companies. Some lines of research are proposed, mainly on the relation between leadership and the success of ventures in specific regions.

254-270

Authors: Kattia Cabas Hoyos, Yaninis González Bracamonte and Paulina Hoyos-Regino

The fundamental purpose of this article is to explore, from a theoretical point of view, the studies that have been carried out in the 21st century on intelligence and its applications in the different contexts or social and organizational scenarios. For which a literature review was developed in high impact databases, institutional repositories and physical and virtual libraries, in order to cover the largest amount of published information. In terms of results, it is clear that intelligence and its theories are a construct that has aroused great interest in scholars from various fields of science. Additionally, it is evident that one of the environments where the theories are most practiced is educational with a special emphasis on the theory of emotional intelligence. As a general conclusion, it is maintained that in the present century the applicability of the theories allows to debate on the effectiveness of the same.

8 - 20

Authors: Francisco Martínez-Batista

This research design is trans-sectional and nonexperimental. The research analyzes the equity position of financial intermediation cooperatives (I.F.) against the contributions of its partners. The paper reviews theoretical approaches of international and local accounting standards, ratio of total invested assets versus liabilities, as well as heritage and contributions. During the case study, the balance sheet figures, and the real differences under the uncertainty of the full standard were evaluated. The results show 14.8% equity and a similar deterioration of overall indebtedness. Also, in the case study --the real situation--, versus the full standard, and taking into account irreducible minimum capital contributions, Patrimony decreased 10.2% while Equity and Financial Liabilities increased 10.2%. In conclusion, it is recommended that some strategy be put in place to adjust the situation of international accounting standards to national standards, for the benefit of cooperatives. Esta investigación tiene un diseño no experimental y transeccional; se enfoca en analizar el posicionamiento patrimonial de las cooperativas de intermediación financiera (I.F.) frente a los aportes de sus asociados. Inicia con planteamientos teóricos de normativa contable internacional y local, la relación del Activo total invertido versus el Pasivo, Patrimonio y Aportes. El estudio de caso analizó cifras del balance de situación, las diferencias reales, bajo la incertidumbre de la norma plena. Los resultados arrojan desmejoramiento patrimonial de 14,8% y endeudamiento general por el mismo orden. En el estudio de caso la situación real, versus la norma plena, y considerando el Capital mínimo irreducible de aportes igual disminuye el Patrimonio en 10.2% y aumentan los Pasivos Financieros en 10.2%. En conclusión, se considera usar alguna estrategia que solvente la situación de la normativa contable internacional con las normativas nacionales, que converja en beneficio de las cooperativas.

35 - 47

Authors: Rick Kevin Acosta-Vega, Víctor Enrique Valencia-Espejo, Oscar José Ospino-Ayala

In this article the results of a study conducted at Casa Glamel —small business— are condensed. The goal was to assess the relevance of implementing an information system ERP that could help to improve productivity, quality and costs reduction. To carry out the research, a diagnostic process was carried out that encompassed all areas and processes in the company: technological, personnel-wise, budgetary, functional and software related. An outstanding conclusion of such diagnosis is that the company needs to reassess its objectives, its mission and its vision; it would also needs to, train staff on the subject of informatics and to acquire new technologies in order to obtain the expected benefits from implementing an information system ERP. En este artículo de investigación científica y tecnológica se lleva a cabo un diagnóstico en la microempresa Casa Glamel, para evaluar la pertinencia de implementar un sistema de información integral ERP que pueda contribuir al mejoramiento de su productividad y calidad y a disminuir costes. Para lograr el propósito de la investigación se realiza un diagnóstico evaluativo que incluye un diagnóstico tecnológico, de personal, de presupuesto, funcional y de software, con lo que se abarcan todas las áreas y los procesos de la compañía. Se destaca que al desarrollar la investigación se detecta la necesidad de reevaluar los objetivos, misión y visión de la empresa, capacitar al personal en el campo informático y adquirir nuevas tecnologías para obtener los beneficios esperados de la implementación de un sistema de información ERP en una organización como Casa Glamel.

59-71

Authors: Jaime Alberto Morón-Cárdenas, Lukas Sanz-Ramírez

This paper describes the situation of commercial sexual exploitation involving children and adolescents in the Historic Center and Rodadero in Santa Marta city (Colombia). The demand and supply in the market is analyzed, taking into account the interactions among implicated actors: the exploiter, the exploited, the consumer, the main public policy makers and formal tourism representatives. Their participation in the dynamics of this unwanted market is exposed, which it has become the scourge of Santa Marta society, tourism and the environment. Through surveys and interviews the profile of the potential consumers of such services as well as their manners of participation were established. It is maintained, as a result of the study, that demand plays a key role in the persistence of this market. It is suggested that public administration has performed very poorly in preventing andmitigating this phenomenon. And that the main goal of such policies as well as of committed citizens should discouraging demand.

88-107

Authors: Harold Silva-Guerra

This article is a reflection about education as the motor of the economic, social and human development of territories. It centers around Colombia. The main argument is that competitiveness does not exist unless Education, a crucial variable that translates into prosperity and progress, is taken into account. Education and competitiveness are thus interdependent inseparable allies. Companies need to innovate in order to be competitive, because once they offer unique products or services they can reduce or even eliminate competition –a distinctive proposal gets positioned among customers looking for product or service innovation if they get satisfied and if their expectations are met. Companies wanting to be at the head in their field, should see innovation as a dynamic partner, one that would guarantee their becoming a model for other companies to follow.

118-125

Authors: Francisco José Arias-Aragonés, John Jairo Jurado-Coronell, Jesús Antonio Pájaro-García

This article is the result of a study to the city of Cartagena chain stores to measure the impact of programs of contributions and donations on the corporate image and reputation. First is a follow-up of the recent theoretical discussion around the concepts of CSR, contributions and donations, corporate image and reputation. Then applies a quantitative method and four scenarios are formulated to measure the incidence of variables social action, and relationships with the community about the corporate image and reputation. The theoretical discussion found that CSR should be understood as a philosophy of business management committed to the improvement of the living conditions of society in general. Additionally, hypothesis tests confirmed the conceptual differences between the corporate image and reputation for being a direct and positive relationship between the variables in social action and relations with the community about the corporate image and no direct relationship between the variables of social action and reputation. This shows that the contributions and donations programs can contribute to improve the corporate image, while reputation requires a more comprehensive effort and actions over time.

139-159

Authors: América I. Zamora-Torres, Estefanía Riveros-Figueroa

The Zamora Valley is located in Michoacan state, Mexico, it is worldwide recognized locality because of its high performance agricultural production, specialy concerning strawberry export. The current study analyzed the agricultural productivity impact, productive resources, government programs and the company relationship on the Zamora´s international competitiveness. Taking in account that the productive factors, considered in the Marxist theory and the intensity of the Heckscher-Ohlin´s productive factors, which refer to land, capital and work, whereas they are the base from which productivity is generated, it is highlighting that in the current economic system, they need complementary intangible factors.

171-185

Authors: Jhon Antuny Pabón-León

This reflection article focuses on housing policy and the granting of mortgage loans in the city of Cúcuta from promulgation of housing policy. It is a descriptive study of quantitative approach, non-experimental, transectional supported in document review addressing three thematic areas: housing policies of the Government, the housing market and housing finance. The House today on day one of the problems that most affect society due among other factors to the growth of cities and next to it is tenure and housing needs. The crisis of housing in Colombia has been one of the most crippling economic problems in recent years and as a result new instruments are designed to provide effective access to housing and care for the potential beneficiaries. Thus arises the concern about what was the impact on the allocation of mortgage loans in the city of Cúcuta from promulgation of housing policy? It is concluded that although opinions differ on the effectiveness of housing policy clearly program presented a positive balance in the city of Cúcuta.

194-211

Authors: Helmer Muñoz-Hernández, Roberto Carlos Osorio-Mass, Luis Manuel Zúñiga-Pérez

This article aims to describe and classify in a more concrete way information systems, which are framed in what is properly called as "business intelligence". It begins analyzing each of the basic concepts and theoretical aspects and then detail in shaping transactional systems and the most important strategic systems including their benefits, their modes of use, and its disadvantages; It reflects on some cases actually exposed business globally, and the impact it has had the adoption of information systems in its corporate strategy as a key competitive advantages achieving considerable success. Finally, it concludes by describing the importance that has had the implementation of at least some of these information systems in strategic planning of organizations, especially in Colombia and Latin America.

8

Authors: Ofelia Patricia Castro-Castell, Cristian Amando Yepes-Lugo Yepes-Lugo, Robert Manuel Ojeda-Pérez

Globalisation requires companies to design strategies that allow them to meet the market changes, to compete. Suppliers are a fundamental part of the supply chain, so manage relationships will create competitive advantage and achieving strategic objectives for all the participants in the chain. This paper seeks to identify what are the attributes of the supplier-seller relationship and business practices that promote the successful supplier development. Obtaining and data collection focused on the search for academic literature on the subject, reviewing and contrasting different contributions, recognizing key aspects of supplier development. Supplier development has elements that characterize the relationship between buyer and seller, these elements will determine whether these relationships are successful, in turn; the continuous improvement, depends of promotion process of this strategy.

12

Authors: Javier de Jesús Viloria-Escobar, Lilibeth Patricia Pedraza-Álvarez, Kelly Cuesta-Tamayo, Kethy Pérez-Correa

This research aims to analyze, from various theoretical and dialogic contributions, influences and impacts of informal leadership in productivity and competitiveness of organizations. For that, a reflexive hermeneutical approach to literature research, which allowed the understanding and interpretation of research consulted in libraries and electronic databases worldwide recognition was used. In addition, academic experts view the administrative field in Colombia were consulted to gather the voices and perceptions on the subject. The main results show that the informal leadership as a dynamic characteristic of the informal groups, by linking the human factor in the organization, can influence positively or negatively on productivity and competitiveness. We conclude that the management of this organizational phenomenon becomes a tool for competitive advantage in organizations through the improvement of functional variables of the company and the establishment of more efficient social relationships.

15

Authors: Bianca Alejandra Perozo-Ramírez, Annherys Isabel Paz-Marcano

This article was aimed to analyze the styles of women's leadership as a factor in the skills of the teams in the insurance sector. The research is analytical descriptive with a non experimental, transversal design field. The population consisted of 79 subjects. In the collection of data two questionnaires were used with 26 items for women's leadership styles and skills 9 items to work both teams with answers lickert type, being validated by judgment (10) experts; reliability determined by Cronbach's alpha formula getting styles 0.94 0.84 women's leadership skills and teamwork. As for the interpretation of data, it was used for descriptive statistics. It was concluded that the predominant female leadership style was situational, characterized by aligning employees to participate in development activities and enhance their performance in achieving the objectives; and promote the active participation of all members who form a team, to develop skills in their work processes.

23

Authors: María Nelly Flórez-Rodríguez

In this research, we are analyzing the selection process of human talent and the impact about the quality of the provision of health services from the ESE's in the subsidized regime in the Department of Sucre. The factors that generate impact on the users perception about the quality of services received, are identified and described. The information was taken from managers, employees and users from three ESE's. This people answered a Servqual questionnaire and an interview about this important matter. The results show high levels of dissatisfaction from users about the services received and high levels of uniformity about the answers between the Interviewed. We can see the use of techniques like friend relationship or recommendations from politicians in the hiring of human talent these techniques don't allow that the human talents managers be impartial about select the best talent to supply the vacancies. In fact, this problem affects the health needs of the users, because they can't receive a timely solution.

8

Authors: Darcy Luz Mendoza-Fernández, Edwin Salas-Solano, Danny Daniel López- Juvinao

The article purports to analyze social responsibility (RS) in autonomous public universities from the perspective of academic substance and transforming mission that universities have with respect to the society in which they interact. The research was conducted under a qualitative ethnographic paradigm applied to the universities of La Guajira in Colombia and Zulia in Venezuela. Theories glimpse that universities have in essence the comprehensive training of competent professionals, they can respond creatively to different situations giving an added value for the companies where they work. However, it is not reflected that this reflected the (RSU) as a way of being and living in society, which has an impact on all areas of the university mission, which should be implicit and explicit in their actions. As conclusions of the study, three proposals required to implement (RSU) are presented: Strengthening SR Social Actions Supporting Public Universities in Autonomous; steps for the implementation of socially responsible actions to Watch Model and Strategic Thinking from the university socially responsible.

10

Authors: Robert Ng-Henao

This paper analyzes the survival of the industrial firms of Medellin created between 2000 and 2010. The likelihood of survival is calculated based on company size at birth, according to the type of company or legal form as well as by industry sectors. Small, medium and large companies enjoy higher relative survival rates, while micro find it more difficult to continue in business. On the other hand, the results establish that the innovation and investment improve survival of new businesses. Likewise, the initial phase of the life cycle of the industry favors the entry of firms rather than itsoutput, while in those who are in their mature or declining phase outputs exceed inputs. Also, it is found that the regional aspects are crucial to the survival of businesses.

13

Authors: Mario Enrique Uribe Macías, Milena Johanna Cujiño Ibarra

A research project was conducted ‒funded by the Central Committee of Research of the University of Tolima‒ for analyzing the adopted strategies by two organizations and the positive and negative impacts that they generated in business life: In order to select the companies that must be studied, was established it would apply a method of expert people of the region, with deep knowledge about the topic. This paper question is: ¿how to select those companies using the more objective possible way? To answer it the consensus panel (expert) technique, was developed; it is explained not only its development view but the obtained results. It is theoretically supported on the issues of business history, strategy and on the conceptualization about consensus panel. The main conclusion is the consensus panel is an appropriate tool for using with management teams, whose characteristics are the knowledge and expertise in the business sector, the realization of their contributions and the set time for their activities. To the future, it is important the technique application in similar exercises for any kind of research project.

15

Authors: Daniela Andrea Figueroa-González, Juan Mario Müller-Barrios

This article presents the results obtained in 2011 and 2014, showing the evolution that has taken the civic culture of the municipality of Ciénaga, Magdalena, through four modules that develop topics such as coexistence, the tax culture, citizen participation, use of public spaces, among others; with a view to making changes in the behavior of citizens in the municipality and thereby pose a public-education aimed at strengthening citizen potential political culture.