Advances in Human Biology

7-14

Authors: Chirag Shah, Mayur Parmar, Khushboo Desai, Shilpa Budhiraja, Santosh Kumar.

Background: The periodontal flap is one of the most frequently employed procedures, particularly for moderate to deep pockets. Silk is the most commonly used suture material for approximating the flap margins together after periodontal flap surgery. There are some major disadvantages of silk sutures and to overcome some difficulties with sutures, a need for alternative of sutures is always felt. N-butyl cyanoacrylate is a tissue adhesive, which can be used for the closure of the incised wounds. Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate and compare accumulation of dental plaque and response of gingival tissue during the healing period after periodontal flap surgery when closed with N butyl cyanoacrylate and silk sutures. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 30 patients and divided into three groups, 10 patients per group: Group A, Group B and Group C. In each patient, a split mouth design was employed. The flap surgical procedure was carried out for the pocket therapy and the selection of the site for suture and cyanoacrylate was done randomly. Antibiotics and analgesics were prescribed and the patients were recalled after 1 week, 3 weeks and 6 weeks. Results: It was found that healing with the cyanoacrylate is associated with less amount of inflammation during the first week when compared with silk. However, over a longer period the sites treated with both the materials showed similar healing patterns after 3 weeks and 6 weeks. Conclusion: It can be concluded that healing of periodontal flaps when closed with silk sutures and N butyl cyanoacrylate is normal, uneventful, healed by primary intention and aids in early initial healing compared to silk suture.

21-28

Authors: Chirag Shah, Darshan Modi, Surbhi Joshi, Khushboo Desai.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of improved periodontal health on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Material and Methods: Fifty (50) patients with type 2 DM were selected. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups. Data collection: Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at baseline and after 3 months. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), were analysed at baseline, 3 months following the periodontal therapy. The treatment group received full-mouth scaling and root planing whereas the control group received no periodontal treatment. Results: A statistically significant effect could be demonstrated for PI, GI, PPD, CAL and BOP for the treatment group. HbA1c levels in the treatment group decreased significantly whereas the control group showed a slight but insignificant decrease for this parameter. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that non-surgical periodontal treatment is associated with improved glycaemic control in type 2 patients and could be undertaken along with the standard measures for the diabetic patient care.

37-42

Authors: Chirag Shah, Bhavesh Modi, Shilpa Budhiraja, Khushboo Desai.

Objectives: This randomized split-mouth clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effect of gingival curettage with diode laser to gingival curettage with hand instruments. Materials and methods: A total of 34 chronic periodontitis subjects, of both genders, were selected. 5 mm or deep periodontal pockets (up to 7mm), indicated for curettage procedures were chosen from each subject. In all patients contralateral sides were randomly divided into experimental and control site. The patients had undergone scaling and root planing before curettage procedure. On the experimental site curettage was done with diode laser (980 nm) and on control site curettage was done with hand instruments (gracey curettes). Clinical data were collected at baseline, 1 week, 6 weeks and 3 months after therapy. Results: There was a significant improvement of all the clinical parameters - relative attachment level (RAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), plaque index (PI), modified gingival index (MGI) for both groups (P<0.001), when compared with the baseline value. However, there was no significant difference in PI and MGI between test and control groups. Significant improvement was noticed in PPD and RAL in experimental group when compared with control group. Conclusion: After 3 months of evaluation, the diode laser has shown little additional benefits in curettage procedure when compared to curettage procedure with hand instruments.