NPunto

7

Authors: Quiles Mateo, Antonio

Introduction: Obesity is a factor that characterizes a population group that may require Physiotherapy, especially respiratory. In postoperative rehabilitation, a respiratory force training device called an incentive inspirometer is widely used in the field of physiotherapy. The objective of the study was to analyze the possible differences regarding the maximum volume obtained between two types of incentive inspirometer in obese subjects and the relationship with their anthropometric and pulmonary variables. Methods: The study that was carried out was of a cross-sectional observational type. Lung functions were recorded by a spirometer, to which the volumetric incentive inspirometer and the flow incentive inspirometer were connected (raising 2 balls and 3 balls) to calculate the maximum volume reached. Results: Data from 30 people with obesity were analyzed. The differences in the maximum volume obtained, expressed in percentage and volume, were not statistically significant between the devices despite there being some statistically significant differences with the anthropometric variables. Conclusion: The results obtained would indicate that there would be no statistically significant differences in the use of incentive inspirometers in this population with respect to the maximum volume obtained. The variables that influence the use of the incentive inspirometer would be different for each device and use.

12

Authors: Fernández Huerta, María Lorena

La Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional, un cuadro difícil de diagnosticar y que crea incertidumbre y preocupación en los padres. Es la tercera gran categoría clínica en la clasificación actual de la diabetes y representa un factor de riesgo para la mujer y un problema de salud. La DM puede ocurrir en dos situaciones durante el embarazo: puede surgir en mujeres que ya padecen diabetes tipo 1 o tipo 2 desde antes del embarazo o puede desarrollarse durante el embarazo. Las complicaciones maternas más importantes incluyen HTA durante el embarazo; preeclampsia y eclampsia. En condiciones ideales, el éxito en el manejo de la DMG depende de la capacidad y motivación de los recursos de la paciente para alcanzar las metas del control de la glucemia. El plan de autocuidados de la DMG incluye plan de nutrición y ejercicio, automonitoreo de glucosa, examen de cetonas en orina y esquemas de aplicación de insulina. Es una enfermedad que día a día ha cobrado más relevancia en nuestro mundo pero muchas personas a pesar de sufrirla o de tener una elevada probabilidad de heredarla saben poco o nada de esta enfermedad.

18

Authors: García Fernández, Yolanda

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is characterized by an alteration of carbohydrate tolerability that leads to hyperglycemia of variable severity and is initiated or diagnosed during pregnancy. It is the most frequent metabolic complication in pregnancy and constitutes a major current health problem whose prevalence is increasing. Goals: The main objective of the work is: To know the fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality associated with gestational diabetes The secondary objectives are: Know the main maternal consequences derived from gestational diabetes Know the long-term risks of gestational diabetes in the mother and child Highlight the importance of preconception care, during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum to reduce possible sequelae Results: Gestational diabetes favors macrosomia and its consequences per partum, as well as maternal complications (vascular complications and dystocic deliveries). In the long term, it produces a greater risk of developing carbohydrate intolerance, type II diabetes mellitus, overweight and obesity, in addition to affecting neurodevelopment. In the mother, the risk of developing type II diabetes, the presence of diabetes in a future pregnancy and cardiovascular complications increases. Conclusions: Promoting physical exercise and a balanced diet reduces the risk of developing gestational diabetes. Proper pregnancy planning, with early diagnosis and adequate treatment, reduces the risk of both maternal and fetal complications. Health professionals must offer appropriate multidisciplinary treatment to each patient, from before the pregnancy occurs, to the first months of the child's life, to reduce fatal consequences in the short, medium and long term.