Spei Domus

34

Authors: Tannia Julied Guzmán-Sánchez, Sergio Andrés Ferro-Villamizaro, Carlos Andrés Díaz -Gélvez, Miguel Ángel Bernal-Pérez, Daniel Leonardo Cala-Delgado.

Subject and scope: Food safety can be affected by the presence of contaminants in agricultural and livestock products used for human consumption. External factors put the safety of poultry meat foods at risk; bacteria are an example of dangerous agents, and when they inoculate food products, disease outbreaks can occur. Therefore, studies that investigate the microorganisms that cause food contamination are of utmost importan-ce, since they provide results to mitigate and control digestive diseases mainly. Characteristics: A literature review of scientific articles was carried out in order to compile pertinent informa-tion focused on poultry products, external agents, outbreaks related to chicken consumption and the most common current strategies to reduce infections in the population. Findings: There is an increase in the consumption of poultry products worldwide, therefore, there is a need to identify and control the possible points of contamination in the different processes of the poultry chain. The symptoms of diseases transmitted by food products originating from poultry farming are similar, vomiting, dia-rrhea and abdominal pain are some examples and occur regardless of the source of bacterial contamination. Salmonella sp., Campylobacter sp., Escherichia coli put the population at risk and are evidenced in outbreaks worldwide, to avoid the presence of bacteria, several researches report the efficiency of the use of antibiotics, prebiotics and probiotics. Conclusion: in spite of the advances in the investigation of pathogens and improvements in the process in the different stages of production, there are still infections related to the consumption of chicken meat.

16

Authors: Valentina Parada Pinilla, Santiago Hernández Peña, Sly Wongchuig Correa, Yuly Andrea Caicedo Blanco.

Introduction: One of the main tropical zoonoses of public health importance is visceral leishmaniasis caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, transmitted by the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis, and its reservoir is the domestic canine. Methodology: A systematic literature review on Visceral Leishmaniasis with Colombia was developed, using three sources (Google Scholar, PubMed and Dialnet), as well as the Mendeley bibliographic reference manager, among others. 180,610 documents were found, of which 21,673 duplicates were excluded, leaving 158,937 remaining studies, of which 126 were about interest studied, selecting 51. Results: According to the literature reported in Colombia, over the years human cases have been reported without interruptions, showing areas of higher risk (Sucre, Córdoba, Santander, Tolima, and Huila), meanwhile, in canines the reports have not been satisfactory, being outdated and therefore limits establishing the current occurrence of the disease, the departments with distribution records are the Magdalena River Valley, Huila, Tolima, Sucre and Córdoba. Conclusion: it is essential to strengthen the epidemiological and environmental health surveillance systems to generate information on the status of cases in humans or animals, which requires adequate knowledge about Visceral Leishmaniasis by human doctors, veterinarians, and responsible health entities.

26

Authors: Luis Horacio Ramírez-Villamizar, Ciro Alfonso Barragán-Díaz, Enrique Cárdenas, José Vicente Niño-Bayona, Jeiczon Jaimes-Dueñez.

The use of antibiotics in animal production has represented great advantages for production systems, gua-ranteeing the control of infectious diseases that affect the productive capacity of animals, as well as their use as growth promoters. The presence of residues of these drugs in foods of animal origin, especially in meat is consider by world organizations for food safety and security as a risk factor that can affect public health, especially in the case of antibiotics, due to the subsequent resistance they generate. In addition, they are consider a barrier to the economic development of any country due to the limitations on their ability to expand into international markets. The methods for the detection of these residues are increasingly sensitive, being important for countries like Colombia, where reform of regulations, control mechanisms, and the strengthening of technological capacity have been intensified given the especially importance by meat exportations. This review aims to expose the most important points regarding the presence of these residues in meat, including the current panorama of national and international legislation, as well as the results of research on the most common drugs that are found, their effect on human health and the most used methods for their detection.