Slovenská literatúra

2

Authors: Dana Hučková

Slovak- Vojvodinian and Slovak-Serbian intercultural relations and processes of cultural-ethnic self-identification of the Slovak enclave in Serbia (introduction to the thematic issue of the journal Slovenská literatura)

3

Authors: Nina Podmanická

Translation, Vojvodina Slovaks

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Authors: Marko Stojanović

This contribution addresses the relationship between Vojvodina Slovak writers and the issue of Slovak language codification in the second half of the 19th century. It is based on the thesis that a literary language is one of the most important elements in the process of nation-building and that its establishment is politically, historically, and linguistically crucial. The study examines the awareness of the Lowland intellectual elite regarding the language situation in Slovakia, as it developed in the 1840s and 1850s, marked by the 1848/1849 revolution in the Austrian Empire. A chronological analysis of the relationship between Slovak elites from the Lowlands and two codifications of literary Slovak – Ľudovít Štúr’s (1843) and Michal Miloslav Hodža and Martin Hattala’s (1851, known as the Hodža-Hattala codification) – documents the confusing language situation in the Slovak context in the second half of the 19th century. The Hodža-Hattala reform was more or less successfully established in the journalistic discourse of Vojvodina Slovaks, but biblical Czech continued to dominate communication within the Evangelical Church.

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Authors: Barbora Zlejšia

The article maps the cultural relationships between Štefan Krčméry (1892 – 1955) and the Slovaks of Vojvodina, which he established during his public activities on the Slovak cultural scene in the first half of the 20th century. Based on selected sources (reports and commentaries, critiques, excerpts from literary-historical works, and correspondence), it traces the line that enters into the discussion of the awareness of contemporary public opinion about Slovak ethnic minorities that gained the status of foreign Slovaks after 1918. In Krčméry’s concept of Slovak literary development, the geographical separation of Vojvodina Slovak writers did not pose an obstacle because he perceived the influence of a foreign environment on the authors as a stimulus for a unique expression of national identity, fully integrating their work into the mainstream of Slovak literature. The specific issues of Vojvodina Slovaks are embedded in a broader context of national identity questions with their specific manifestations and processes of formation and preservation. In comparison with current studies on the issue of Lowland Slovaks, Krčméry’s reflection on the ethnic minority appears as a relevant source of information that can confirm or further develop the conclusions of contemporary historical research.

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Authors: Martin Braxatoris

This study focuses on the relationships of Pavel Jozef Šafárik with Štefan Leška senior and Štefan Leška junior. It observes diverse testimonies and consequences of their mutual connections, closely related to their family ties and interactions in Vojvodina (Malý Kereš, Dunaegyháza, Novi Sad, and Stara Pazova). The study examines insights relevant to poetry, attitudes toward prosodic matters, philological research, publishing activities, and more. It particularly explores Šafárik’s relationship with Štefan Leška senior during the years 1815 – 1818 and his contact with Štefan Leška junior during his time in Novi Sad. By offering a comprehensive view of their relationships, it aims to shed light on certain less clear circumstances of their lives and work, while also correcting stereotypical assessments of Šafárik’s interactions with Slovaks in Vojvodina, which have led to an underestimation of their literary and cultural significance.

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Authors: Marína Šimáková Speváková

This contribution focuses on the reception of Slovak literary theory in the Serbian context since the 1980s. Against the backdrop of reception theory, literary communication, and dialogism, it provides an overview of book and selected journal translations into the Serbian language, considering individual components of the (meta)communication-dialogic process: the author, the structure of the source text, actors involved in the selection of texts, translators into Serbian, and broader cultural connections such as publishers and selected critical Serbian reception responses. In this context, the names of founders of modern Slovak literary theory (Mikuláš Bakoš, the Nitra school, Anton Popovič, František Miko, Dionýz Ďurišin, Peter Zajac) and younger theorists resonate. From the Serbian context perspective, attention is paid to the involvement of bilingual and biliterate authors and translators in communication processes (literary scholar Michal Harpáň, linguist Miroslav Dudok), as well as other translators of Slovak literary theory. Another area under scrutiny is the updating of available Slovak literary studies works in selected critical reflections, along with an indication of the criteria for reception in the Serbian context.

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Authors: Dana Hučková

The emigration of Slovaks to overseas countries had a mass character at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This phenomenon led to the emergence of a cultural-anthropological and subsequently literary topos of the Amerikán – “Americaner” (a person who returned from emigration to America to their homeland). Vojvodina Slovak writers in the early 20th century – the realistic prose writer Ján Čajak (1863 – 1944) and the prose writer and modernist playwright Vladimír Hurban Vladimírov (VHV, 1884 – 1950) among others – also addressed this topic. They perceived modernization processes differently, as evidenced by their choice of the genre. J. Čajak, in his moralistic short story Vysťahovalec ([The emigrant], 1904), emphasises tradition, religion, stability, and the order of the old world; he sees emigration as a destructive element. VHV incorporated the same social theme into the genre matrix of melodrama in the short story Dievča zo slepej uličky ([The girl from the blind alley], 1913). He critically captures the conservatism of the domestic environment and the mentality of Vojvodina Slovaks. Through the gradation of situations of emotional uncertainty, he introduces modernist poetic techniques into the traditional rural realistic short story. The thematological article primarily follows the relationship of both texts to the modernist discourse of the period.