International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science

7

Authors: Samyog Shrestha

Kathmandu is classified as a highly earthquake prone city of Nepal. The center of Kathmandu City is located in the vicinity of ten independent seismic source zones which in reality are active faults. This creates uncertainties in the size, location and the rate of recurrence of earthquakes. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis provides a framework in which these uncertainties can be identified, quantified and combined in a rational manner to provide a more complete picture of the seismic hazard. This study presents a PSHA of the center of Kathmandu city using the attenuation relationship given by Cornell et al (1979) in order to determine various levels of earthquake-caused ground motion that will be exceeded in a given future time period.

7

Authors: Jaya Bharat Reddy Marella, Sairam Madireddy, Anudeep Naidu Maripi

Now a day, the dependency of mankind on polythene has grown to larger extent because of its wide applications in storing food without allowing the moisture inside the packing and also as carry bags. But polythene is a non-biodegradable material which when buried in the soil doesn’t decompose. Because of this reason the soil looses it’s fertility due to the toxic chemicals it release by the action of temperature and also killing the micro organisms that are essential in the soil. In view of this, several attempts were made in recent years to develop paper that can show the oil proof as that of polythene. This project involves not the production of paper but the basic raw material for paper production that is pulp from banana plant (abundantly available on earth). Later this pulp can be blended with pulp obtained from bamboo which is less abundant, to obtain oil proof paper. The reason behind the selection of banana as raw material is, in banana plantations, after the fruits are harvested, the trunks or stems will be wasted. Billion tons of stem and leaves are thrown away annually. In this project we are producing pulp from banana waste stem using Kraft’s process and Soda process, also analyse the both process based on their yield, energy consumption and propose the best process.

8

Authors: Harshal T.Khamankar Dr. S. B. Jaju

Wear plate welding machines requires some special raw material handling system as they are heavy to handle.Wear plate welding requires 4-5 workers for handling and clamping of raw material. This paper reviews different material handling equipment used by various industries. As the raw material is heavy, it is very difficult to handle manually. Hence there is requirement of integrated material handling and clamping system to do this heavy task. An integrated approach for material handling and clamping is suggested. In this paper, various handling mechanisms like scissor lifting mechanism, hydraulic lift platform in scissors type mechanism, hydraulic lifting system based on multistage telescopic cylinder are discussed. Their analysis is done by using various software. Some failure diagnosis points are also discussed by mathematical calculations. Clamping mechanisms like electric power clamping device driven by step motor and screw-toggle-lever force amplifier in series, unilateral fixtures for sheet-metal parts with holes are discussed.

9

Authors: Swapnil A. Ambekar Dr. S. B. Jaju

In the current global competitive environment there is a need for the casting units and foundries to develop the components in short lead time. Defect free castings with minimum production cost have become the need of foundry. The gating and riser system design plays an important role in the quality. Due to the lack of existing theoretical procedures the designing processes are normally carried on a trial-and-error basis. This paper review casting produced by foundry with internal shrinkage as a major defect was analyzed and identified that gating and risering system was improperly designed. The designed gating system reduced defect and increase yield. Finally, a more reasonable gating system was obtained by analysis of simulation results.

14

Authors: Jean-Jacques M. Bagalwa, Laurence Voutquenne-Nazabadioko, Charlotte Sayagh, Augustin S. Bashwira, Jean-Piere B. Baluku

The cercaricidal activity of a mixed solamargine (1) and β-solamarine (2) solution were directly tested against Schistosoma mansoni cercariae and a time-concentration relationship was observed; the concentrations needed to kill all cercariae (LC100) within 10 min of exposure were 0.01 mg/mL. Mixed solamargine (1) and β-solamarine (2) solution have a high level of cercaricidal activity against free swimming cercariae and it seems to be ecologically safe, since it is known to have very low toxicity to fish. The possible use of such sublethal concentrations in schistosomiasis transmission sites as an oriented promising technique to control this parasite and to minimize or prevent water pollution with pesticides.