Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, ecology

9-14

Authors: E. M. Gurbanov, D. Molazem

Effects of saline stress (NaCl) on yield and vegetative characteristics of eight maize cultivars were studied. The cultivars K3615/1, S.C704, B73, S.C302, Waxy, K3546/6, K3653/2, and Zaqatala were cultivated in two plots of the Astara region: one was with normal soil and the other – with salty one. Salinization reduced the plant height, ear length, ear diameter, number of plant leaves, stem diameter, number of rows in an ear, number of grains in a row, and dry plant mass in all cultivars. Maximal ear length was observed in Zaqatala, B73, and S.C704, and the least one was detected in K3653/2. Salinization decreased crop yield of all the cultivars. Certain correlations between studied parameters were found.

20-24

Authors: V. N. Veremeev

Comparative data on structure and biomass of soil mesofauna depending on a biodiversity of vegetation of inundated meadows under conditions of anthropogenic influence are presented. By augmentation of vegetation diversity on meadows there is a tendency of increse of a biomass of soil invertebrates.

30-36

Authors: M. M. Golikova, I. О. Zaitseva

The most important tendencies of adaptation mechanisms were examined under the hydrothermal stress for the representatives of Acer L. Water and protein metabolisms were examined. Some species adapt themselves mainly due to activity of the protein system, othersconformat the expense of morphological structure of leaves along with theprotein synthetic system Certain dependence between studied parameters was found. The most resistant species to the droughty environment were found. The species can be recommended for an arrangement of green spaces.

41-45

Authors: L. G. Dolgova, M. V. Samoylova

It was proved that glutathione is an important indicator of the vegetation condition and persistence. According to the amount of glutathione the studied mespilus species are adapted to the environmental conditions. Increase of the glutathione amount is caused by some abiotic factors, e.g. temperature. Some differences of the glutathione content may be explained by the plants species patterns.

50-54

Authors: O. V. Korolev, L. I. Shendrik, О. О. Bojko, V. V. Brygadyrenko

Viable parasitic Mermithidae nematodes were revealed in the abdominal cavity of ground beetles imago Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798). Some unicellular parasites of suborder Eugregarinina were found in the intestinal tract of the P. melanarius. The percentage of nematodes and sporozoa invasion in P. melanarius was assessed for the conditions of Dnipropetrovs’k region. The carabus ability to be a host in the life cycles of nematodes and gregarines was analyzed.

63-68

Authors: A. F. Kulik, О. M. Vasilyuk

Research of catalase activity changes in connection with the free-radical oxidation is soil of natural and artificial ecosystems is conducted. The catalase is a plants’ enzyme of antioxidative protection. The catalase activity is a marker of variety and improvement of soils. It is important for the problems solutions in applied soil science. The aberrations of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities characterise not only the metabolizing of plants, microorganisms and soils, but the level of the environmental pollution. The general activity of enzymatic systems allows ascertaining their role in the forming of biota components’ resistance to the exogenous influence. The seasonal dynamics of the soils’ catalase activity subject to the type of a biogeocenosis is disclosed.

77-83

Authors: Е. V. Lyapustina, Т. N. Satarova

The development dynamics and the structure of maize hybrid DK633/266´DK411 embryo in natural conditions were studied. The sequence of formation of basic embryo elements of the model hybrid according to its age could be used in biotechnological research for embryo isolation at a corresponding developmental stage. In the 14th day after pollination all the structural elements of embryo had been formed.

87-94

Authors: A. S. Saphonova, S. V. Reva

Natural overgrowing of dumps of the Kryvbas ore-dressing and processing enterprises with higher plants depending on the dumps’ age, ecological conditions and substrate is described. Better overgrowths are found on the dumps composed by the series: loess-like loams, quartzites, mixture of these substrates and limestone. We suppose that the character of successions depends on the effect of allelopathic factors.

102-109

Authors: N. A. Sitnik

Quantitative regularities of the filtration feeding of the Black Sea oyster depending on some ecological factors were studied. Influence of food concentration on filtration activity of shellfish is described. Dependences of filtration speed are certain on the body mass of oysters under different temperature conditions were found. The seasonal changes of its intensity in the Kerch Strait and the Donuzlav Estuary are illustrated. Influence of water salinity on filtration activity of the oyster is established.

116-121

Authors: І. O. Filonik, L. F. Zamorueva

The influence of heavy metals – nickel and chromium – on the indices of lipid metabolism in seeds of the maize hybrid Blith 160 MV at the germination was studied. The reduction of the total lipid content and phospholipids, but increase of lipases activity, sterols and free fatty acids in the germinating grains under the toxicant action were revealed. Changes in the lipids content and lipases activity in the germinating maize seeds may be used as markers of the heavy metals influence on plants.