Slobozans`kij naukovo-sportivnij visnik

7-14

Authors: Volodymyr Bogush, Sergiy Getmantsev, Oleksandr Yatsunskiy, Konstantin Bogatyirev, Oleg Verteleckiy & Oksana Reznichenko

Purpose: to study the indicators of the physical quality of the speed and its constituent elements. Material & Methods: juvenile were examined in the age groups 11–12 years, 13–14 years, 15–16 years, 17–18 years, various sports qualifications, specializing in rowing on kayaks. According to the method of measurement of the effect of the training action developed by us, the tempo, time and speed of single movement, the frequency of movements were determined, and sensorimotor responses to sound and light stimuli were simulated in modeling the conditions of training and competitive activity. Results: the conducted researches characterize the individual psycho-physiological characteristics of the athlete's body. For the purposeful study and development of the physical quality of the speed in the training process, it is possible to use the proposed method for studying the effect of the training action. Formation and improvement of motor abilities in specific age ranges is carried out in connection with high rates of development of morphological and functional indicators in sensitive periods. The studied indicators of the physical quality of the rapidity and its constituent elements depend on the age, the level of general physical and functional readiness. Conclusion: for the improvement of motor qualities and the formation of rapidity of movements, the age periods under study are the most favorable prerequisites. As a result of the training process, the tempo, time, speed, frequency of movements, time of sensorimotor reactions to sound and light stimuli change.

19-23

Authors: Ivan Dubrovskiy, Оlena Mironenko, Larysa Tatarchenko, Liudmyla Nosenko & Maryna Prysiazhna

Development of a technique for preventing visual fatigue in students while working on a personal computer. Prevention of visual fatigue among students of higher educational institutions will contribute to their improvement, increase of labor productivity and, as a result, to the improvement of the success of mastering the educational material. Purpose: make a rational algorithm for preventing visual fatigue in students who spend most of their time at the computer. Material & Methods: analysis of scientific papers; polls, questioning, testing of students on the basis of the physics and technology faculty of Dniprovsky National University named after Oles Honchar. Results: the methodology for the prevention of visual fatigue involves the proper organization of the working space, the observance of a certain mode of work at the computer, as well as the performance of various sets of exercises for restoring vision. The implementation of the methodology contributed to improving the quality of sight in students. Conclusion: systematic implementation of this technique will allow both to improve the vision lost during work at the computer, and to maintain it at a consistently high level.

31-35

Authors: Svetlana Karaulova & Nikolai Malikov

Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of using the program of building the training process in the preparatory period of the annual macrocycle for improving the functional fitness of the athletes of the Ukrainian national track and field team in preparation for major international competitions. Material & Methods: in the study participated highly qualified athletes aged 19–23 years, specializing in running for short distances (n=10) and have a sporting title MSU and MSIG. Results: it is shown that the introduction in the preparatory period of this program, taking into account the dynamics of the components of the functional fitness of the athletes and the nature of their correlation with the model characteristics, contributed to a significant improvement in all indicators of the functional preparedness of the examined athletes. At the end of the preparatory period, the deviation of these indicators from the model values was only 2–6%. Conclusion: the obtained results testified to the positive impact of the program on the overall level of fitness of high-qualified athletes in the process of preparation for major international competitions.

42-46

Authors: Andriy Mandyuk

Purpose: to determine the forms of physical culture and sports activities in the general structure of spare time for pupils of general education schools aged 15–17 years. Material & Methods: analysis and generalization of scientific literature; methods of theoretical level of research (analysis and synthesis) sociological survey. The study was attended by students of 10–11 grades of general education schools. Lviv, Ternopil, Ivano-Frankivsk and the city of Khmelnitsky. The total number of interviewed students was 907 people. Results: most common types of activities are identified, to which students of general education schools aged 15–17 are involved in their spare time. Factors that determine the choice of activity by students in their spare time are established. Conclusion: most popular types of physical culture and sports activities in their spare time among students aged 15–17 years is active rest and physical training and sports. The main factors influencing the choice of activities in their spare time among students aged 15–17 years, have their own tastes and preferences, a healthy lifestyle and school.

53-60

Authors: Sergii Palevych, Alexander Poddubny & Alexander Tkachuk

Purpose: to substantiate the relevance of standardization of the process of conducting military (research) tests, to determine the quantitative characteristics of criteria for assessing the quality of standards for physical training of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Material & Methods: analysis of the relevance of the issues of standardization of the process of developing, organizing and conducting military (research) tests, determining the quantitative characteristics of the criteria for assessing the quality standards for the physical training of military personnel used in developed countries and in Ukraine. Results: discusses the importance of standardization of documents on the management and organization of physical training in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, reaching eligibility standards PP armed forces – NATO members. Suggested content standard. Conclusion: urgency of creating a standard in conducting military tests of physical training exercises for servicemen and units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine has proved the need to achieve criteria for compliance with the standards PP of the armed forces – NATO members countries. The lack of a regulatory framework makes it difficult to organize and carry out research and development work, operational tasks to develop new standards of physical training for the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

65-69

Authors: Andrii Pertsukhov

Purpose: to determine the quantitative indicators of effective shots on goal in the games of the team "Helios" Kharkiv. Material & Methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, registration of technical and tactical actions, methods of mathematical statistics. The research of the competitive activity of the first league team of the championship of Ukraine "Helios" Kharkiv in the season 2017–2018. Results: in the article the data characterizing the peculiarities of performance of effective shots on goal in the games of the team "Helios" Kharkiv. Conclusion: data of the conducted research testify to the differences in the quantitative indicators of the effective shots on goal made by the players of the teams of the first league of Ukraine in different intervals of playing time, from different zones of the football field.

74-79

Authors: Olga Pilipko

Purpose: determine the features of technical and tactical actions of female athletes of various qualifications specializing in complex swimming at a distance of 200 meters. Material & Methods: analysis of literary sources, video shooting, timing, methods of mathematical data processing. The contingent of the surveyed were female athletes who specialized in complex swimming at a distance of 200 meters and had the level of sports qualification of the CMS, I and II adult category. Results: author established that the technical and tactical actions of female athletes of various skills during the crossing of the 200 meters distance by complex swimming have their own peculiarities; the degree of influence of the speed, pace and "step" indicators of the cycle of strokes on the result of the swimming of a distance of 200 meters in female athletes with a qualification level of CMS, I and II adults. Conclusion: determination of the specifics of the technical and tactical actions of female athletes of various qualifications specializing in complex swimming at a distance of 200 meters can serve as a guide for the construction of the training process, which will allow it to be improved in order to achieve high results.

84-88

Authors: Andrii Sak & Raisa Antypova

Purpose: to study structural rearrangements of intervertebral discs and adjacent structures of the spine of rats and the possibility of their preservation under conditions of prolonged dynamic loads in the experiment. Material & Methods: study was performed in an experiment with 90 male rats of the Wistar line, using a training run in a linear treadmill for 20 and 90 days. On the histotopographic sections, after injection into the aortic arch of the animal mascara-gelatin mass, the number of capillary glomeruli in the subchondral parts of the vertebral bodies was counted. Using standard histology methods, structural changes in metaphyseal cartilages, apophyses of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine. Result: The running regimes are defined that cause damage to various structures of the spine and, on the contrary, increase their reliability. Conclusion: it is established that with age the number of blood vessels in the bodies of the vertebrae and capillary glomeruli in their subchondral regions gradually decreases, which is accompanied by a tightening of the intervertebral disk and contiguous structures. Different in intensity and duration of physical activity cause a corresponding change in the number of blood vessels in the vertebrae and, as a consequence, the level of their blood supply.

98-101

Authors: Andriy Timofeyev

Purpose: the establishment of differences in the physical and technical preparedness of basketball players of 12 and 13 years, taking into account motor asymmetry. The differences in the physical and technical preparedness of basketball players of 12 and 13 years, taking into account the motor asymmetry, are established. Material & Methods: physical preparedness was determined by standard test exercises, and technical preparedness – by test exercises in the transmission, throws and driving with the execution of movements with both hands. The basketball players of the 12th and 13th years of the basketball club "Cherkasy Monkeys". Results: a comparative analysis of physical preparedness indicators has shown a significant advantage of 13-year-old basketball players in the manifestation of speed, explosive strength and speed-strength qualities. A significant difference in the technical preparedness of basketball players of 12 and 13 years is revealed, in particular, the transmissions of dominant and subdominant hands and complex exercises. Conclusion: established a clear lateralization of motor functions of the hands with the prevalence of the accuracy of the movements of the dominant hand of basketball players of 12–13 years, and the motor asymmetry in the course of the ball in 12-year-olds to 13 years acquires the signs of symmetry.

108-111

Authors: Svitlana Hotienko

Purpose: to study and analyze the level of physical preparedness of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University students. Material & Methods: the level of physical readiness of students was determined with the help of tests and standards for the annual assessment of the physical preparedness of the population of Ukraine, the results of which determine the level of development of the basic physical qualities: strength, endurance, speed, flexibility, agility. Students performed 5 types of tests. Results: obtained results made it possible to compile the dynamics of the level of physical preparedness of students: high, decent, medium, low, and also an appropriate assessment of the physical state: excellent, good, satisfactory, unsatisfactory. Conclusion: these data suggest that the majority of students are middle and low level of physical preparednes. In connection with the results suggested a set of exercises to improve the physical preparedness of students.

116-120

Authors: Oleg Shevchenko, Volodymyr Paievskyi & Yurii Horchanyuk

Purpose: determine the impact level of indicators of speed-strength preparedness for the agility of young volleyball players 12–13 years. Material & Methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing of speed-strength qualities and agility, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The study involved 25 volleyball players aged 12–13 years, training in the basic training group of the second year of training of the sports club "Lokomotiv" in Kharkov. Young athletes were divided into an experimental – 13 people and a control –12 volleyball team. Results: after the introduction of the experimental methodology, a link was found between the level of speed-strength abilities and the agility of volleyball players. Conclusion: the positive influence of development of speed-strength qualities on indicators of agility of volleyball players that is necessary for selection of means and methods in training process of young athletes is proved.