European Journal of Social and Human Sciences

Number Vol.11 № 3, 2016

100-111
Students´ Attitudes to Culture and Religion Diversity and Changing Conditions on Labour Market and in Education System

Authors: Hanne-Lore Bobáková, Krystyna Heinz

Abstract

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Number of views: 470

The presented paper deals with the repeated (after a year) questionnaire survey conducted by means of the Semantic Differential method in the group of students studying at School of Business Administration in Karviná, Silesian University in Opava. The research focuses on students´ attitudes towards some controversial aspects of the globalized society characterized by migration and plurality trends. The evaluation of the respondents´ opinions is especially related to the areas of religion and culture diversity as well as the education system and its ability to adequately react to the current changes. The survey has shown a shift in respondents´ opinions, which is closely interconnected with recent events taking place in Europe.

112-115
Dispositions and Conditionals in Simple Agents and Collective Agencies

Authors: Anna Marchenko

Abstract

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Number of views: 506

The analysis of conditionals and dispositions as the concepts inherent to the actions, when it is applied to both simple agents and collective agencies, allows investigating in detail the role of intentions, volition, and consciousness in actions. The main objective of this article is to investigate the differences in proposed conceptions of the conditional analysis of actions and approaches based on dispositions, especially those dealing with the approaches to simple agents and complex agencies. The differences between dispositional nature of simple and collective agencies entail additional empirical challenges related to the volition and intentions in collective agencies, as well as the necessity to provide a precise distinction between simple and collective kinds of agency.

116-122
Application of the Illegal Methods of Investigation by the State Security of the USSR in 1936–1938

Authors: V.O. Olitskyy

Abstract

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Number of views: 512

On the basis of archival documents, Ukrainian historiography one of the urgent problems of modern historical science – the repression of the clergy in the 1920-1930th in the USSR – is studied in the article. In particular, the question of the application of illegal methods of investigation, namely the psychological and physical pressure on the accused is studied. The classification of the illegal methods of investigation is given, depending on the intensions of the employees of the state security; the forms of such methods are identified. The main forms of the most used tortures are described in detail: beating, sleep deprivation, psychological pressure and so on. Moreover, the circle of people involved in torture of prisoners, falsification of criminal cases is defined. The evolution of the practice of using the illegal methods of investigation by the state security of the USSR in the 1930th, their establishing and end of the practice of using them are analyzed. The study is based on the criminal cases of repressed clergy in Sumy region. Thus, as the territory of this region was the part of Chernihiv, Kharkiv and Poltava regions in the studied period, the results of the study represent a situation in whole north-eastern region of the USSR. Moreover, such practice is inherent not only for Ukraine but for the USSR as a whole.

123-136
An Exploration of the Relationships Between Self-Efficacy and Personality, Coherence, Occupational Stress, Burnout, Community Seetings Among Probation Officers

Authors: Bartłomiej Skowroński, Jakub Bartoszewski

Abstract

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Number of views: 649

The aim of the study was to examine relation between self-efficacy and personality, sense of coherence, stress, burnout, and community settings in probation officer/bailiff teams as well as work experience, age, number of reviews and number of cases. The results of the own study revealed that all the Big Five personality traits are related to self-efficacy. Self-efficacy indeed highly correlates with agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The levels of perceived self-efficacy is determined by factors such as age, work experience, the quantity of reviews carried out, and current responsibilities. With the growing number of cases, the level of self-efficacy decreases. One’s level of self-efficacy increases with age and work experience. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be clearly seen that, apart from personal factors, there are more factors that condition levels of perceived self-efficacy. Community settings in probation/bailiff teams played an important role; correlation coefficients, although low, turned out to be significant.