INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE SCIENCES

9-15

Authors: Sunil KCR | Swati K | Bhavya G | Nandhini M | Veedashree M | Prakash HS | Kini KR | Geetha N

Prime drive of the research work carried out was to explore heavy metal-tolerant bacteria from rhizospheric soil samples collected from contaminated agricultural lands of southern India. Soil samples of Mysore agricultural lands of Karnataka state, India, irrigated with industrial effluents from several decades, were brought to the laboratory in sterile polythene bags and were screened by plating serially diluted samples on to Minimal Glucose Yeast extract agar media amended with 0.3mM mercury. Morphologically differing cultures were tested for their tolerance to mercury by growing them in the liquid minimal media amended with 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6mM concentrations of mercuric chloride and 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5mM of lead nitrate at optimal physiological conditions. Further the isolates were identified using 16s r-DNA PCR amplification. Blast analysis of the sequence results revealed for the first time the tolerance potential of Streptomyces flavomacrosporus, Bacillus methylotrophicus, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Bacillus tequilensis, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus subtilis and their chances of participation in bioremediation of mercury. Among these isolates the actinomycetes S. flavomacrosporus, showed tolerance to multi metals.

21-26

Authors: Bagde Neelima | Jain Shampa

Present Ethnozoological study highlights the conservation of domestic animals reared by Pardhan community in Bicchua block of Chhindwara district of Madhya Pradesh. Field study was conducted with Pardhan people with the help of semi structured questionnaire survey. 20 Pardhan people provided information of different ethnomedicinal and other purposes of domestic animals. The results shows that there are 18 domestic animals used in 39 ailments (like weakness, diabetes, cough, cold, tuberculosis, paralysis, fit, asthma, constipation, eye disease, cancer, ulcer, sun stroke, hair growth, drug addiction etc.) and more other purposes. Domestic animals are very important in rural life. Pardhan have rich knowledge of their livestock and emotionally attached with them. In this area there are no any documented literature of their knowledge is available so, this study aims to proper documentation of traditional knowledge of Pardhan community and their livestock.

36-38

Authors: Deshmukh CG

Sphecid wasps are a familiar and diverse group of solitary wasp. They are beneficial and harmless insect to human being. The present study was to know the diversity of sphecid wasp around Koradi region, Dist. Nagpur. The study recorded 8 species of sphecid wasp in 5 genera from 2 sub family. The subfamily Ampulicinae recorded 2 species from 2 genera while from subfamily Sphecinae 6 species under 3 genera. The most number of species recorded from the subfamily Sphecinae.

43-48

Authors: Vasanthkumar B | Kapsikar Gangadhar B | Deshpande SP

Zooplanktons are the microscopic animals present in the water bodies. They play a major role in food chain of any ecosystem. The study was carried in Kali River for the period of Oct 2012 to Dec 2013. Kali River was further divided into six sub stations (rivers). In the present study an effort being made to study the diversity of Zooplankton diversity in different selected sites and their relation with hydro biological parameters.

55-62

Authors: Bhajbhuje MN

Metabolites are known products of enzyme-catalyzed reactions that occur naturally within cell. The potential of metabolites of two Alternaria species, A. alternata, and A. solani from culture filtrate in Czapek’s nutrient broth, was investigated against Triticum aestivum L both in laboratory bioassays and in pots. In laboratory bioassays, the potential of culture filtrates of both Alternaria species was studied on seed germination and seedling emergence in blotter paper slots. The metabolites from 5-days culture filtrate of both Alternaria species enhanced seed germination rate by 9.6 - 10.2% while length of shoot, shoot fresh biomass, length of root and root fresh biomass of wheat seedlings was increased over control by 10-12%; 9-13%; 12-14% and 9-14% respectively. Rate of transformation of germinated seeds to normal seedlings was enhanced over control when treated with 5-days old culture filtrate. The toxicity of culture filtrate increases with longer duration of treatment. The toxicity appeared in 10-25 days old culture filtrates, significantly inhibited seed germination, shoot length, shoot fresh biomass, root length and root fresh biomass over control. In pot trials, foliar application of culture filtrates was made on 1-week and 2-week old wheat seedlings. The seedlings receiving 5-days old metabolites treatment of both Alternaria species markedly enhanced the shoot biomass while seedlings emerged from 10-25 days old metabolites treated seeds reduced the shoot biomass. The seedlings of 2-week age old were reported more susceptible to foliar spray than the 1-week old. The reduction in shoot biomass was more significant to 2-week old wheat seedlings when treated with 10-25 days old metabolites. It is revealed that metabolites from 5-days old culture filtrate of both Alternaria species resulted enhance effect, may be able to be used as alternative growth promoter while other treatments had inhibitory effects, and may be beneficial for destroying the weeds which reduce the productivity of economical important crops.

67-75

Authors: Bhise MR | Patil CR | Salunkhe CB

The present paper deals with three new species of genus Asterina (Asterinaceae) belonging to black mildew fungi, collected on rarely occurring host plants from Mahabaleshwar, Maharashtra, India. These are, Asterina beilschmiediae sp. nov. on Beilschmiedia dalzellii, A. hosagoudarii sp. nov. on Litsea josephii and A. oxyceri sp. nov. on Oxyceros rugulosus. The detail morphological description, colour photographs, line drawings and discussions of these newly described species are provided in this paper.

81-84

Authors: Nalawde Amit A | Bhalerao Satish A

Biofertilizers are commonly called microbial inoculants which are capable of stoping important nutritional elements in the soil from non-usable to usable form by the crop plants through their biological processes. For the last one-decade, biofertilizers are used in large quantity as an eco-friendly approach to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, improve soil fertility status and for improvement of crop production by their biological activity in the rhizosphere. The seeds of Vigna mungo were treated with bio-fertilizers for 45 days as compared to untreated. It was observed that the plants treated with experimental bio-fertilizer Rhizobium showed excellent result in the morphological and bio-chemical parameters.

91-95

Authors: Bhaisare Manmohan S | Kunjalwar SG

E. chaetaria, (Roem. &Schult.)is less known plant species of Eleocharis, in India, even in Maharashtra? These plants are economically and biologically insignificant. But traditionallymore important, because some traditional people used such a plant in medicinal purposes. The present study investigate, the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the major bioactive constituent in E. chaetaria, (Roem. &Schult.).The plant where found to contain, Alkaloid, Tannin, Flavonoids, Saponin, Steroid, Terpene. The importance of the distribution of these chemical constituent discuss with respect to biologically most active form.

99-104

Authors: Mankar SS

Rose is an ornamental aromatic plant belong to the family Rosaceae. In all 22 varieties from 2 different rose species viz Hybrid Tea and Floribundas (F) were used in this study. Out of these 19 rose petals varieties were moderately to strongly antibacterial against all the screened bacteria and the remaining 3 varieties demonstrated weak antibacterial activity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be strongly sensitive to all the 22 rose varieties with maximum zone of inhibition (32mm). Bacillus coagulans, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Shigella flexeneri and Salmonella typhi were moderately sensitive while Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium were weakly sensitive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to most of the standard antibiotics. Enterococcus faecalis was resistant to 2 varieties namely Koppies and Zorina. Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to 2 varieties namely Vimala and Zorina. Proteus vulgaris was resistant to 3 varieties namely Charleston, Viamala and Zorina where as Klebisella pneumoniae was resistant to 2 varieties namely Viamala and Zorina and Bacillus coagulans was resistant to 1 variety namely Zorina. These rose varieties may act as good alternatives to reduce the excess use of antibiotics to some extent, without side effect. Further studies are required for the screening of volatile and non-volatile active antimicrobial chemical constituents of rose petals to utilize them in pharmaceutical industries.

108-110

Authors: Manoorkar VB | Gachande BD

Phytochemical analysis of plant latex was carried out from ten plant species from Nanded region for presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannin, saponin, terpenoids, steroids and glycosides. Alkaloids were found in all plant latex except F. benghalensis & C. papaya, while flavonoids and phenols revealed the presence in all latex samples except Nerium oleander & Carica papaya. Calotropis procera, Jatropa curcas, J. gossypifolia, N. oleander, C. papaya showed presence of Saponin but absence of tannins. Terpenoids are absent in Euphorbia tirucalli, Ficus benghalensis, F. religiosa. Steroids are present in E. tirucalli, C. procera, F. benghalensis, while glycosides were absent in E. tirucalli, N .oleander and F. religiosa.

115-117

Authors: Rao Padmavathi S

Physalis philadelphica commonly called as Mexican husk tomato is widely grown as a minor crop and extensively used in western countries as it responds positively to any type of soil and climate. The fruits are used for the preparation of curries, jams, sauces and jellies and the taste is similar to tomato. A steroid Physalin extracted from leaves and roots has prophylactic and therapeutic properties for treating infections caused by protozoans. Also it is used in autoimmune diseases and it acts as anti-leukemic agent. The Mexican people use decoction of calyces for diabetes. This species attracts considerable attention because of its economic as well as medicinal properties. Information relating to the biochemical work on species of Physalis is meagre. Therefore with a view to study the biochemical variability, three accessions of Physalis philadelphica from different sources were collected and to employ these three accession in biochemical investigations to study qualitative and quantitative analysis of free and protein amino acids and their effect on the morphology of the three accessions.