Tekhné

10

Authors: Jorge Pirolo, José Zacarías

The Industrial Engineering School of the Universidad Católica Andrés Bello of Guayana seeks to penetrate the consulting market by helping the SME’s to improve or reformulate their processes. In the present work it is proposed to create a tool for the first step in consulting, process diagnosis. For the design of the process diagnosis methodology of the SMEs, several existing tools were studied from which those processes and subprocesses were obtained that are of vital importance to increase the competitiveness of each company, either of goods and services, presenting a series of questionnaires for each process to be evaluated, resulting in a percentage compliance diagnosis of each process. The methodology was applied to a local company in order to exemplify its applicability, use and results.

15

Authors: Roque Garcia Ruiz, Eduardo Garcia Romero

Climatic change that is being felt actually, is related to similar processes that occurred in Peru and on the island of Easter, before its evolution from XIIIth century, after the effects of torrential rains and landslides that modified the topographic relief in the places where both cultures developed. The Incas from their first king Manco Capac in the XIIIth century, conformed cultivation terraces on the high grade slopes, using terraces or stone walls, built mostly in topographic forms of amphitheatres product of instability in the past. Moais on the island of Pascuas were partially hidden by mudslides in the past, whose inhabitants from Polynesia populated for the second time the islands at the beginning of the year 1200 being organized by areas of cultivation, with local deforestation of the island, standing out after the Inca visit in the XVth century the construction of the ahu where were recovered and placed the moais. The Incas conformed cultivation terraces on the high grade slopes, using terraces or stone walls, built mostly in topographic forms of amphitheatres product of instability in the past, whereas the Pascuenses were organized by areas of culture, with local deforestation of the island, standing out after the Inca visit in the XVth century the construction of the ahu where the moais were placed. On Easter Island, a large part of the moais are covered by land, with thicknesses of up to 7 meters, relating this huge thickness of sediments to stability problems in the prominent volcanic relief, caused by rains of greater duration and intensity. Similar rainfall climatic conditions predominated in the Andean area, causing stability problems on mountain slopes, with the development of amphitheater topographic forms, and large sediment inputs to river valleys, with conformation of colluvial cones. This is due to rainfall saturation between the 11th and 12th centuries, following a global increase in temperature, related by several researchers with the current global warming. At present, the exponential increase of hydrological events from 1980 to 2017, related to torrential rains and landslides, predicts a greater number of events by 2030, possibly with a progressive decrease in temperature. From this date to 2030, the competent bodies of each nation will have to assess the risks of the populated areas at the foot of mount, in order to construct works to lessen the effects of landslides and the relocation if necessary.

20

Authors: Guillermo Centeno Bordones

This research aims to analyze the technological capacity as a complex adaptive system in the chemical laboratories of university research centers. As for the research methodology the level of research that has been adopted in this study, is the research of descriptive type, with a transectional field design, the population under study were 11 research centers with chemical laboratories in the region carabobeña, with 69 subjects chemical investigators, the sample was non-probabilistic of census type. The instrument of data collection was a Lickert type survey with 32 items having a reliability coefficient of Crombach's alpha of 0, 78. The technique of data analysis was the descriptive statistics for the determination of frequencies and relative frequencies, for the representation of trend graphs. As a relevant result of the research it can be said that when the technological capacity is observed as a complex adaptive system it is possible to visualize to this process from a more complete and human perspective, where the feedback capacities of the factors that conform it are manifested, developing a technological memory that allows the effective construction of knowledge and accumulated experiences in the management of research, development and chemical innovation in a laboratory.