Nanotechnologies in Construction: A Scientific Internet-Journal

20-37

Authors: Evdokimova N.G., Luneva N.N., Egorova N.A., Makhmutova A.R., Bayguzina Yu.A., Imangulova E.A.

To expand the range of modern and promising binders, the aim of the research was to design a promising technology for the production of polymer-containing bituminous materials obtained by different technologies: modification by polymers of roadside bitumen, compounding of deeply oxidized bitumen with modified polymers, tar. The objects of the studies were the road bitumen, deepoxygenized bitumen, light and heavy tar. Butadiene-styrene thermoplastic elastomer DST-30-01 was used as polymer modifier that allows achieving the desired particle size of the dispersed phase and creates an additional nanophase of the polymer and thus provides the required performance.The analysis of the properties of polymer-bitumen binders showed the advantage of the technology based on the compounding of deep-oxidized bitumen with modified polymer tar. There is an increase in the values of the maximum tensile force, cohesive and strength properties, adhesion index with a certain decrease in extensibility.

80-103

Authors: Kudryavtsev P.G.

Porous materials are formed from dispersed particles of various shapes. The porous structure of such materials is determined by the shape and nature of the packing of their structural units. As a model for the analysis of the structure of porous materials, model-packing units were selected in the form of spherical particles and fibers. Separately, the pore structure in foam-like regular porous materials was considered. It is shown that the pore volume in such packages grows with the reduction of the coordination number of the packed spherical particles. To study this regularity, the structural types of crystal lattices of various chemical substances were analyzed. Examples of such packages are most metallic elements and all inert gases, except for helium. These substances crystallize in simple structural types. All of them can be considered as packing of balls of identical radii.

125-143

Authors: Nazarov A.M., Latypova F.M., Araslanova L.Kh., Salmanova E.R., Tuktarova I.O.

The paper describes the research of efficiency of natural and modified sorbents used for purification of industrial sewage from ions of heavy metals (Fe, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr). Sorbents of various structures are produced on the basis of waste of the mining and processing works (MPW), nonmetallic materials (montmorillonite, dolomite) and modified by humic compounds with thickness of applied layer from 50 nanometers to 100 microns. The choice of structure of the modified sorbents has been determined by the aim to use positive properties of all components as much as possible: their high sorption and regeneration properties. Besides, application of the humic compounds disengaged from peat and waste of brown coal on surface of sorbentscaused significantly increased adsorptive activity due to existence of broad set of groups and fragments in structure of humates. These groups and fragments (acid, amino-acid, spirit, carbohydrate, phenolic, amino-keto-alcohol, etc.) form complexes practically with all heavy metals. Use of three main specified components as a part of sorbents resulted in synergetic effect and also allows receiving the highly effective and at the same time inexpensive, rather universal materials with high sorption properties.