Jurnal Medical Brasovean

1

Authors: Liliana Rogozea

Ideea de a vorbi despre compromis nu e nici nouă nici inedită. Alexis Carel spunea că: „Civilizația este înainte de toate o disciplină; disciplina fiziologică, morală, socială și științifică.” Cu toate acestea medicina secolului actual, asemenea celei din perioadele anterioare este o îngemănare între respectarea strictă a regulilor etice ale profesiei, așa cum s-au format ele de-a lungul timpului, plecând de la celebrul non-nocere și compromisurile zilnice pe care, personalul medical le face în fiecare zi. Dezvoltarea unui sistem de calitate, accesibil oricărui individ este un obiectiv profund moral și etic. Cu toate acestea medicii sunt adesea nevoiți să accepte compromisul de a decide care program de sănătate este prioritar și care sunt fondurile alocate pentru aceasta; iar atunci când decizia nu le aparține, ci aparține altor persoane (economiști, juriști sau simplu: politicieni) acceptarea compromisului, deși pare mai ușoară este la fel de complicată. Compromisul intervine și atunci când trebuie luate decizii legate de acceptarea realizării trialurilor clinice, convinși fiind că progresul medical este legat în permanență de menținerea unei balanțe optime între dezvoltarea unei noi cercetări medicale și asumarea criteriilor morale care mențin cercetarea în limitele moralității. Și totuși, compromisul nu e decât o etapă tranzitorie, pentru că „Etica nu este o fantezie mistică - nici o convenţie socială - nici un lux de care ne putem lipsi, subiectiv... Etica este o necesitate obiectivă a supravieţuirii omului - nu prin providenţa supranaturală, nici a vecinilor dvs., nici a toanelor dvs. – ci prin "graţia" realităţii şi natura vieţii.” (Ayn Rand în Virtutea dăruirii de sine)

3

Authors: Filiz Adana, Hülya Arslantaş, Filiz Abacıgil, Müge Çabuk, Şerife Çetinkaya, Özgür Demir

The aim of this study was to evaluate students’ knowledge and attitudes about ageing and sexuality. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 396 nursing and midwifery students in Adnan Menderes University Aydin Health School between 23 May 2011- 3 June 2011. Ageing sexuality knowledge and attitudes scale in elderly (ASKAS) was used in order to evaluate students’ knowledge and attitudes. It was found that there wasn’t a significant correlation between the students’ acceptance of sexual intercourse and their knowledge about sexuality in elder people (t=1.63; p=0.11). On the other hand, students who thought that older people could have sexual intercourse, were found to be more tolerant attitudes towards elderly sexuality(t=3.90; p=0.000). It was observed that the more the students had knowledge about elder sexuality, the more they had tolerant attitudes; however there was a negative correlation between age and knowledge/attitudes (r=0.625, p=0.000; r= -0.365, p= 0.003; r=-0.262, p= 0.09). No significant relation was found between ASKAS and other variables.

3

Authors: Agnieszka Ryczek

Human nature, but to a large extent determined by the bio-human can be to some extent shaped and changed. People are different from animals that are able to understand and analyze their own lives, and therefore they may try to make them morally better, that is laudable in terms of ethics.

4

Authors: Iosif Șamotă, Radu Dan Necula, Florin Lucian Petrică Sabou

Heterotopic ossification is defined as the presence of mature lamellar bone in soft tissues such as muscles, tendons, skin or organs, where bone normally doesn't exist. It can appear more frequent as a complication following central nervous system disorders like acute brain injuries, brain tumors or spinal cord injuries, or following burns, hip and elbow surgery. For heterotopic bone formation some local and general specific conditions are necessary. The three main conditions are: presence of a morphogenetic induction agent, mesenchymal progenitor stem cells and a permissive local and general environment.

5

Authors: Laura Floroian, Mihaela Badea, Iosif Șamotă

Bioglass is a chemical compound that is part of a compositional family with the best bioactivity properties demonstrated by the connection with living tissue within few hours. This new class of biomaterials, based on a mixture of amorphous oxide (SiO2-Na2O-CaO-MgO K2O-P2O5), was patented in 1968 by Larry Hench by preparing well known Bioglass 45S5. Depending on the percentage of SiO2 mainly these biomaterials can be bioinert, bioactive and bioresorbable. Hench and Clark were the first researchers who have observed this material bioactivity in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated the potential osteointegrable. There have also been noted and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties and the ability to easily control the crystallinity by applying appropriate heat treatments present in the vitreous phase bioglass. All these are arguments plus for this class of biomaterials to be a prime objective of the research in the field.

5

Authors: Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, Bogdan Cârlan, Ștefania Diaconu, Radu Mircea, Alina Voina, Sorin Paripaș, Oana Falup-Pecurariu, Roxana Alexandru, Cătălin Jianu

Traumatic brain injuries have an important impact on patients’ quality of life, with various short- and long-term consequences. Sleep disorders are frequently encountered in these patients and are associated with significant functional daytime disturbances and impaired rehabilitation potential. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the prevalence of insomnia following traumatic brain injury and also to review the clinical features, tools of assessment and main outcomes of this sleep disorder.

5

Authors: Magdalena Diaconu, Cristian Georgescu, Cristina Pleşa, Monica Ţânţu

Polyradiculoneuritis is a fairly rare disease, but with significant neurological impairment, which may even lead to death if not treated in time. However, early and constant treatment has claimed favourable results. Plasmapheresis is an effective etiopathogenetic treatment option for polyradiculoneuritis. Our case is a 50-year-old woman, diagnosed with acute polyradiculoneuritis, Fisher form, who has been conducted five plasmapheresis sessions. Initially, the patient had diplopia, right eyelid ptosis, right facial asymmetry, upper limb paresthesia, distally stressed, limited movements of abduction, abolished tendon reflexes in the lower limbs, ataxia, muscle hypotonia. It was established the diagnosis of acute polyradiculoneuritis based on the clinical picture, in conjunction with the results of NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and laboratory tests (blood parameters, cerebrospinal fluid). It was decided to apply plasmapheresis treatment as therapeutic modality, performing the 5 sessions every two days. After the third session, the clinical condition of the patient improved, the motor deficit was in remission, normal coordination. At the end of the five sessions of plasmapheresis, the evolution was favourable, halting progression of neurological deficits, improving the general condition and reducing the limb motor deficit, but maintaining VI and VII cranial nerve paresis. Using plasmapheresis resulted in improved patient dependency and improved quality of life in a shorter period of time as compared to therapy without plasmapheresis results, thus supporting its effectiveness in polyradiculoneuritis. This is precisely why we chose to present this case, although our experience in this regard is relatively recent, for about a year.

6

Authors: Laura Floroian, Mihaela Badea, Iosif Șamotă

Although recently accepted by the scientific community, the research into nanotechnologies and biotechnologies are currently the priority directions for several prestigious international research laboratories of physics, chemistry, medicine, molecular and cellular biology, study of materials and cybernetics. Field became interdisciplinary and is booming, and the goal is to develop new technologies and high-performance materials. An important category of materials for nanotechnology and biotechnology is the biomaterials. They are used to direct material, restore the functions of living systems supplement and have a major impact on biomedical applications, particularly in the medical and pharmaceutical industry.