Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology

11-34

Authors: Muhammad Imtiaz Chaudhry and Dr. Shazia Khalid

Present study was designed to develop a test of nonverbal intelligence for youth in group settings for large scale testing and screening of human resource induction. Items were developed to minimize the effect of education and language proficiency. Items of the proposed test were constructed from figurative material and drawings of geometric symbols, shapes, designs and patterns. The theoretical foundation of the test was derived from the Cattell’s (1963)concept of Fluid Intelligence. The test was divided into five subscales i.e. matrices, odd one out, similarity, series and analogies, and consisting ability areas (abstract reasoning, analogical reasoning, working memory, processing and perceptual speed, inductive & deductive reasoning). Research was conducted in three phases. In the first phase of the main study 200 items were developed and presented to subject matter experts (SMEs) for their opinion (qualitative analysis/ content validity). In the second phase, two studies were conducted. Firstly try out testing was conducted on a sample of N=100 students of Army Public College, Malir to assess the feasibility of test format, clarity and comprehension of items and test instructions. Item strength and distracter analysis were also carried out. Second study was conducted for item analysis on a randomly selected sample of N=300 intermediate level college students of Faisalabad. Item analysis was carried out to estimate the difficulty level, discrimination index and internal consistency (quantitative analysis). Items with difficulty level range between 0.30-0.70, discrimination index greater than 0.30 and item to total correlation values greater than 0.30 were retained. After data analysis 80 items were found fulfilling the set criterion for fair item selection. Items were arranged in relative order of difficulty and the final draft of the test was prepared. In the third phase of the main study, test taking time was estimated for each subtest and full test. The time limit for the test was decided to be 30 minutes. Current research provides a valid and reliable tool for the measurement of non-verbal intelligence in youth in a group setting.

51-62

Authors: Noorulain Bakhtawar Siddiqui, Prof. Dr. NaginaParveen and Dr. Muniza Malik

The study aimed to investigate the relationship of emotional intelligence with parental attachment among university students. The Participants of the study consisted of N=200 participants including both genders (Male n=100 & Female n=100). Data was collected through simple random sampling from University of Sindh, Jamshoro. Two questionnaires namely, Parental Attachment Questionnaire, and Emotional Intelligence scale were administered on the participants. Findings of the study revealed that parental attachment, parental social support, and parent as facilitator of independence are positively correlated with emotional intelligence of university students. Moreover, significant gender differences in parental attachment were apparent where females perceived their parents as more facilitating and supportive. Implications of the study are useful for the parenting, family therapy and student counselling.

77-102

Authors: Rubia Munir, Shahza Aqil, Sukaina Kasem, Muhammad Daniyal Mughal & Sidra Shoaib

The current research aimed to explore the relationship of Spirituality, Closeness to God and Identity Achievement among Adolescents in a quantitative correlational research survey design. Through purposive convenient sampling, adolescents N=350 (Male n=208 & Female n=142) were approached; age ranging from 15-21 years (M=17.99, SD=1.79), from different educational institutes of Karachi. Data was collected through Daily Spiritual Experience Scale and Ego Identity Process Questionnaire. It was hypothesized that there will be a positive relationship between Spirituality, Closeness to God and Identity Achievement (Exploration & Commitment) and that adolescents with different levels of spirituality will differ in the levels of identity achievement. The findings revealed a significant weak positive relationship of Commitment with spirituality and Closeness to God, while no significant relationship between Exploration and Spirituality was found and there is a significant weak negative relationship between Closeness to God and Exploration. It can be interpreted that there is a weak partial positive relationship between Spirituality and Identity Achievement. Findings also revealed significant differences in the levels of commitment of adolescents with different levels of spirituality (Ƞ2=.04) and levels of closeness to God (Ƞ2=.05). Current findings have implications in educational settings, curriculum development and counselling.