Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology

Number 1, 2016

1-18
Personal and Job-Related Outcomes of Perceived Leadership Styles in Bank Employees

Authors: Shamshad Bashir, Sehrish Nawaz, M. Naveed Riaz and M. Akram Riaz.

Abstract

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Number of views: 434

The study examined the affect of leadership styles on the prediction of personal and job related outcomes among bank employees. Data was collected with Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Bass & Avolio, 2000), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (Parkinson, 2006), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), Job Satisfaction Scale (Guimaraes & Igbaria, 1992) and Turnover Intention Scale (Seashore, Lawler, Mirvis, & Cammann, 1982). Sample comprised of 300 bank employees. Findings supported hypotheses as transformational leadership positively predicted well-being and job satisfaction whereas negatively predicted stress and turnover intention among employees. Laissez-faire leadership positively predicted stress and turnover intention whereas negatively predicted well-being and job satisfaction. The study is effective in understanding the importance of leadership styles in promoting mental health and appropriate work related attitudes among employees.

17-33
Gender Difference in Executive Functioning Among Secondary School Students.

Authors: Samina Hussain and Uzma Ali

Abstract

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Number of views: 1254

The aim of this study was to investigate the gender difference in executive functions of secondary school students in Karachi. It was hypothesized that “Male students will score higher on the variable of Executive Functions as compared to female students”. Following a comparative research design a sample of 100 (50 male and 50 female) students with grade level of 7 and 8 were randomly selected from various private English medium schools of Karachi-Pakistan. The age range of participants was from 12 to 14 years (mean age: 12.50; SD = .92). After establishing the rapport and written informed consent, the demographic form was filled in and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function -BRIEF was administered. Statistical analysis showed that there is a significant difference on the variable of executive functions (p<.05) where boys scored higher on global, as well as sub domains of executive functions as compared to girls of secondary school students. Limitations and recommendations are also suggested.

34-57
Gender Inequity At Workplace in Pakistani Higher Education Institutions.

Authors: Sadia Shaukat and Anthony Willium Pell.

Abstract

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Number of views: 412

Gender inequality amongst a sample of higher education faculty in Pakistan shows that just over one half work in institutions where females enjoy full gender equality. A three element model of female inequality has been tested by a questionnaire survey of 180 faculty staff to provide reliable and valid measures of the five aspects of the working environment of decision making, professional development, and utilization of resources, academic affairs and job satisfaction. Data was collected from ten public and private universities of Lahore through random sampling technique. Results indicated that only in decision making, do males dominate. This supports the hypothesis of real movement in Pakistani higher education in the direction intended by the adoption of national equality policies. Cluster analysis distinguishes between the majority of Equality Positivists, who see no discrimination, and four types of Gender Concerned, who react to discrimination differently in terms of the socio-cultural norms of a conservative, patriarchal society. The cluster types have been validated by interviewing a representative sequential sample of faculty. By locating responses within the three elements of the inequality model, validation is also provided for the model itself.

58-77
Domain Specific Self-Esteem of Adolescent Students: Does The Socioeconomic Position Matter?

Authors: Riaz Ahmed,Hina Imran, Rubina Feroz, Sarwat Jahan Khanam and Zaeema Riaz.

Abstract

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Number of views: 825

Self-esteem is the widely studied construct in the field of psychological health, however still new perspective and the significance of the construct holds attention of the researchers toward it. There is a dire need to understand that how various factors such as socio-economic conditions of the family influence individual’s overall evaluation of self or specific aspects of the self. 512 randomly selected school/ college going adolescents (lower SES=153, middle SES=230 & upper SES=129 ) between ages of 13 to 18 years were interviewed and assessed through Urdu version of Adolescent form of Culture Free Self Esteem Inventories-3 (CFSEI-3; Imran & Ahmad, 2011), originally developed by Battle in 2002. Analysis of Variance was computed and findings divulge significant differences on all domains of self-esteem i.e. personal [F (2,509) = 47.127, p < .001], social [F (2,509) = 44.598, p < .001], academic [ F(2,509) = 4.88, p < .01], parent / home [ F(2,509) = 9.521, p < .001], general [ F(2,509) = 17.379, p < .001], and overall self-esteem scores [ F(2,509) = 35.451, p < .001].Further Post Hoc analysis indicated disadvantage associated with those belonging to lower SES in all domains as compared to upper and middle socioeconomic class except on the domain of academic self-esteem.

77-86
Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Case Study of Depression

Authors: Mahnoor Shaikh and Zainab F. Zadeh

Abstract

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Number of views: 1363

This case study, carried out at the Institute of Professional Psycholoy, aimed to explore the efficacy of cognitive behavioural approach on a female suffering from depression. This case study aimed to see how cognitive behavioural approach can be a useful way to alleviate symptoms associated with depression and also improve client’s functioning. The client in this case study was a 40 year old female. Interview and assessment tools were used as aids for the process. Techniques from the Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Manual for Depression were used for the client’s negative thoughts and thinking biases which aimed at altering negative thoughts and in turn modify the client’s behavior Cognitive Behaviour Therapy helped the client gain insight and have control over her negative thinking process. This helped improve the client’s overall functioning and reduce depression symptoms remarkably. On the basis of the result, it can be ascertained that Cognitive Behavior Therapy is an effective approach to treat depression.

88-102
Perceived Parenting Style and Autonomy in Psychiatric Patients

Authors: Muhammad Azam Tahir and Sara Azam

Abstract

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Number of views: 604

The present research was designed to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting styles and autonomy in psychiatric patients. Diagnosed patients having Psychiatric disorders (N=70) were selected using purposive sampling technique with an age range of 18-55 years, from two hospitals in Bahawalpur, Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur (BVH) and Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Bahawalpur Cantt. Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), developed by Buri (1991) to assess the control dimension of parenting styles was used, along with the Health Care Climate Questionnaire (HCCQ) by Williams, Grow, Freedman, Ryan, and Deci (1996), to measure autonomy in psychiatric patients, were used in the research. Data was analyzed statistically by using Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficient to measure the relationship between the variables. Linear Regression Analysis was used to find out the perceived parenting styles as predictors of autonomy. The findings revealed that perceived parenting style has great effect on autonomy. Results also showed that perceived parenting styles has significant correlation with psychiatric patients. However, authoritative parenting style has no significant relationship with perceived autonomy. Conclusively, it is predicted that permissive parenting style has good correlation with autonomy. The findings of the present research provide a deep insight to parents, psychologists and researchers in understanding and promoting adolescents’ psychosocial development and well-being.