Journal of biology and today’s world

4

Authors: Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh1, Behzad Karami-Matin2, Farzad Jalilian2, Fatemeh Rakhshani3, Mohammad Mahboubi4, Shohreh Emdadi3*

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the world and the most common cancer in developing countries. Pap smear is the single effective method in reducing deaths because of cervical cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate Pap smear test promotion intervention efficiency among women in Iran and theory of planned behavior was applied as theoretical framework. This interventional - study was accomplished by choosing 120 women in two health Centre randomly divided into experimental and con-trol groups. Three months after educational intervention results were evaluated. Participants responded to the standard self-report ques-tionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16. It was found significant improvements in average response for Attitude (P=0.004), subjective norms (P<0.001), perceived behavior control (P=0.010) and behavioral intention (P=0.000) toward undergoing Pap smear among inter-vention group. Additionally after intervention, the rate of doing Pap smear test was increased among intervention group (P=0.013). This study indicated the educational program based on theory of planned behavior could encourage the women to do Pap smear test.

6

Authors: Abolhasan Afkar1, Fardin Mehrabian2, Said Omidi-Khalky3*, Mohammad Mahboubi4

Today, the issue of addiction to narcotics or drug abuse has evolved into a global and universal problem. This study was performed with the goal of determining of the drug abuse pattern and high risk behaviors among the clients to DIC of Private sector of Rasht. This is a cross-sectional study in 2013.The questionnaire contained 10 general questions about demographic characteristics and 30 specific questions about drug abuse and high-risk behaviors. This questionnaire was completed via interviewing the addicts. The reliability of the questionnaire was checked using Cronbach's alpha (α=0.86). SPSS software was used to analyze the results and, descriptive statistics such as frequency tables and inferential statistics including the chi-square test were used. The average age of patients was 38.8. Opium and crack were the most widely used narcotic among subjects, respectively before referring to DIC centers. In addition, 9.8% of them had a history of using injectable drugs, among which 20.6% had used shared needle for injection. 80.9% had experienced sexual inter-course, among which 48.4% were unmarried. There was a significant statistical relationship between men and women (p=0.001). There was a significant statistical relationship between running away from home and the consumption of narcotics (p=0.002). Results also indi-cated that committing suicide had a positive significant relationship with the variations of age (p=0.001), the age of smoking onset (p=0.002) and method of use (p=0.003).This study knows the following items as the main high-risk behaviors of addicts: taking narcotics by injection, using common syringe and needle, blood playing background, imprisonment background, making homosexual intercourses, suicide, and using no condom during sexual intercourse.

6

Authors: Masoud Negahdary1, Sahar Majdi2, Parisa Biabani3, Abbas Hajihosseinlo3

The assay of applicant genes, based on physiological results, is a notable tool to detect genes to be effected in marker-assisted choice methods. The current assay was planned to determine relation TNF-α gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and with fat-tail Measurements (fat-tail dimensions) and wool weights in makooei sheep. DNA was extracted from whole blood samples collected from 100 sheep. PCR products were subjected to SSCP denaturation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In the measured makooei sheep populace, definitive calculational outcomes were determined in Fat thickness as well as wool weight in one year characteristics. Estimate of associations genotypes with fat-tail calculations also wool weights were appeared with 100 samples Individuals with the T1 and T3 genotype of TNF-α gene Individuals with the T1and T3 genotype of TNF-α gene had dominance Fat thickness (The thick rump) and wool1 when contrasted to those of individuals with difference genotypes respectively (P <0.05). These consequences displayed that TNF-α gene could be a genetic position, or bound to a major gene that definitively influences growth as well as the fore-mentioned eco-nomic characteristics in sheep.