Biotechnologia Acta

21-37

Authors: Kanyuk M. I.

The use of multifunctional nanosystems in medicine and research is of contemporary interest. Aim. The purpose of the work was to summarize publications on the prospects of creating and using nanocontainers based on curcumin (Cur). Cur fluorescence in nanoparticles (NP) makes it possible to investigate the distribution of fluorescent and non-fluorescent components, significantly accelerating the study and implementation of drugs in practice. Particular attention is paid to the use of hydrophobic substances in NP, to penetrate into a living cell. Understanding the interaction of NP with living cells is extremely important when these particles are used to transport and deliver water-insoluble drugs to cells. Cur is one of the drugs with various and very promising pharmaceutical effects, it is poorly soluble in aqueous media, and the use of nanocarriers is an effective way to significantly increase its bioavailability. Cur has its own fluorescence, which enables to use it in multifunctional fluorescent nanosystems, for example, with Pluronic® micelles. The use of the fluorescence method makes it possible to trace the stages of interaction of Cur-loaded NP with cultured cells and their localization in cell organelles. With this approach, nanoscale dynamics of drug distribution and stability is observed over time. Conclusions. The main conclusion is that for unstable in the aquatic environment drugs such as Cur, it is necessary to use the most hydrophobic nanostructures without traces of water, which include the nuclei of Pluronic® micelles. This method makes it possible to use other poorly water-soluble drugs. A promising area of nanomedicine is the creation of complex bio-compatible nanomaterials based on several active drugs that reduce the toxicity of preparations to normal cells.

49-55

Authors: Tigunova O. O., Umansikiy M. O., Bratishko V. V., Balabak A. V., Shulga S. M.

Aim. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ultrasonic disintegration on the lignocellulosic raw materials (biomass of the non-cereal part of rape) with its subsequent use as a substrate for the production of biobutanol. Methods. Butanol-producing strains and the biomass of the non-cereal part of rape Brassica napus were used in the present study. Ultrasonic disintegration of lignocellulosic raw materials was performed on the specially designed equipment. Results. The effect of ultrasonic disintegration on lignocellulosic raw materials was investigated for further application in biofuel production based on microbiological conversion. The possibility of using the obtained components after the pre-treatment of lignocellulose by ultrasonic disintegration as a substrate for the microbiological synthesis of butanol was shown. The highest accumulation of butanol (2.4 g/l) was obtained with the use of 5% dry matter content in the medium, 5 min treatment and the specific power of ultrasonic disintegration of 0.72 W/ml. Conclusions. The possibility of producer strains of the genus Clostridium to use cellulose in the fermentation process has been shown. When using ultrasonic disintegration for pretreatment of the noncereal part of the biomass of rape, the accumulation of butanol increased by 3 folds.

63-73

Authors: Korniienko I. M., Yastremska L. S, Polonchuk L. Y., Baranovsky M. M.

Lactic acid bacteria play a key role in human microecology and biotechnology — form organoleptic characteristics of products, increase the nutritional, including biological value of functional foods. Natural resistance to antibiotics is one of the important factors that determine the probiotic properties of lacto- and bifidobacteria. Aim. Study of the antibiotic resistance of functionally active probiotic cultures of «VIVO probioyogurt» leaven to determine the possibility of using a fermented milk product, which is prepared on its basis, during antibiotic therapy to maintain and restore normal intestinal microflora. Methods. Pure cultures of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were selected for the study: (Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp., L. acidophilus, L.casei, L. rhamnosus, L.paracasei, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis (2 strains), B. infantis), which are part of leaven „VIVO probioyogurt“ the quality of which is confirmed by certificates of the International Organization for Standardization ISO 9001: 2008, as well as ISO 22000: 2005. The method of the experiment consisted of the following stages: preparation of nutrient media („Lactobacagar“, „Bifidoagar“, glucose-peptone medium), working solutions of antibiotics; working suspension of LAB; suspensions of cultures (lacto- and bifidobacteria), cultivation LAB on elective nutrient media with the addition of antibiotics and evaluation of research results. Determination of antibiotic resistance of LAB was performed by the method of double dilutions. Results. The use of this technique enabled to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics of different groups relative to the LAB. The results of the research were processed using a licensed computer program Microsoft Excel. Conclusions. Evaluation of the results of studies to determine the MIC of antibiotics — benzylpenicillin, azithromycin, lincomycin, gentamicin sulfate, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin, amoxil, streptomycin, tetracycline, erythromycin in relation to IBD; fermented milk product, which was prepared on the basis of this starter culture, it was advisable to use during antibiotic therapy to restore and maintain normal intestinal microflora.