Biotechnologia Acta

5-25

Authors: O. M. Klyuchko

The purpose of the work was to analyze existing information systems (IS) of biological objects and to propose the methods for development of such IS for insects on the example of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera). A detailed analysis of technical information concerning the distributed networked systems, access to computer systems to the common data in electronic IS and the organization of biomedical databases in the Internet was done. The peculiarities of IS’ prototypes development for environmental monitoring of the fauna have been discussed, in particular changes in the number of butterflies’ populations throughout France (including western and southern departments), the Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) in the steppe zone of Ukraine (Striltzivskyi Steppe), and the development of such IS for all territory of Ukraine. The results could be used to develop electronic IS for other biological organisms.

35-41

Authors: N.V. Borzova, O. V., Gudzenko, L. D. Varbanets

The aim of the work was to investigate the possibility of practical use substrate specificity of α-Lrhamnosidase Cryptococcus albidus. p-Nitrophenyl derivatives of monosaccharides were used to determine the activity and specificity of the enzyme. The ability to hydrolyze of natural substrates was evaluated by Davis and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. It was shown that the enzyme exhibits narrow specificity towards the glycon of synthetic substrates and hydrolyzes only p-nitrophenyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Km 4.5 mM) and p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (Km 10.0 mM). C. albidus α-L-rhamnosidase the most active degrades naringin (Km 0.77 mM), releasing prunin and naringenin. Km for neohesperidin was 3.3 mM. The efficacy of the naringin hydrolysis in grapefruit and pomelo juice was 98 and 94% in 60 min (40 оC, 2 U/ml). As the result of treatment by α -L-rhamnosidase of green tea and orange juice, there was a decrease in the content of rutin, narirutin and hesperidin, indicating that the α -1,2- and α -1,6-linked rhamnose can be cleaved from natural flavonoids. Thus, the study shows the efficiency of treating citrus juices and green tea with C. albidus α -L-rhamnosidase for the purpose of improving their taste qualities and obtaining bioavailable flavonoids glucosides.

49-53

Authors: O. V. Kravchenko, O. S. Panchenko

The aim of the research was the isolation from drinking water the pure cultures of iron- and manganese-oxidizing microorganisms with further assessment of their efficacy to remove these contaminants on rapid filters. To assess the effectiveness selected strains were grown on the solid nutrient medium; the suspension was prepared and was treated to zeolite loading. Ten pure cultures of iron- and manganese-oxidizing bacteria were isolated and identified as 6 genuses: Siderocapsa, Leptothrix, Sphaerotillus, Galionella, Metallogenium, Hyphomicrobium. Comparison the efficiency of genuses Leptothrix, Sphaerotillus, Metallogenium has shown that under conditions of these experiments Leptothrix more effectively removed iron and manganese at low concentrations in model solution.

65-74

Authors: L. Oriabinska, O. Dziuba, O. Dugan

The aim of the work was to find strains of lactic acid bacteria capable to synthesize extracellular tannase enzyme − the key enzymehe hydrolyzing tannins which are plant food constituent. One of the main product of tannins hydrolyzis is gallic acid- the compound with proven antioxidant and onco-protective properties. As a result of lactobacteria screening, two biocompatible strains of lactic acid, namely L. rhamnosus LB3 and L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii with a high level of enzyme productivity, were selected. The maximum accumulation of tannase, corresponding to 0.031 ± 0.002 U/ml for L. rhamnosus LB3 and 0.03 ± 0.002 U/ml for L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, was observed after 48 h of cultivation. Both strains showed rapid growth and performance of tannase in MRS medium in the presence of glucose or lactose as a carbon source. It was shown that gallic acid, which was a necessary component of the medium as a target enzyme inducer, did not affect the accumulation of lactobacilli biomass. The selected strains are of interest as producers of a bicomponent probiotic with antioxidant properties and require further investigation.