Journal of Higher Education and Science

85-96

Authors: Durmuş GÜNAY, Aslı GÜNAY, Eda ATATEKİN

In this study, primarily, quantitative developments in the departments of biology, physics, chemistry, mathematics and molecular biology and genetics in Turkey since 2007 were tried to be presented. In parallel with this purpose, occupancy rates,number of programs, number of students and academic staff for each program were calculated and the changes of these indicators were displayed. In this way, we reached the conclusion that these four indicators have shown the parallel changes with each other in all departments. According to this result, we tried to define and explain the reasons of these changes in the departments of biology, physics, chemistry, mathematics and molecular biology and genetics in recent years. Besides, it has been emphasized that Turkey should develop new policies to increase the employment for the graduates of these departments in addition to the quantitative measures.

108-116

Authors: Didem DOĞAN

Many new universities have recently been founded due to economic, social and cultural reasons in our country. These universities face various problems stemming from whether their locations or their organizational structures. Revealing problems experienced within these newly-founded universities and developing possible solutions for these problems are important in in order to increase the service quality provided by higher education which is one of the most important institutions that generate qualified human power. In this study, the problems of the universities founded after 2006 have been put forth with both administrative and academic staffs’ view points and solution offers have been developed towards these problems with a common point of view. In this study in which quantitative and qualitative research methods used, is used Scale of Academicians’ Problems was applied to 150 academics as the data gathering device. In order to profoundly examine the data acquired by the scale, two administrative personnel were interviewed and a focus-group interview was performed with eight academics. According to the study data, the most important problem of newly-founded universities is the lack of institutionalization. Physical inadequacy and lack of qualified personnel follow this problem. Efficient management and forming an efficient organization structure are among suggested solution offers.

128-132

Authors: Ayşegül YILDIRIM KAPTANOĞLU

Since 2003 new healthcare reforms have been implemented in Turkey. Although, the healthcare system has gone through modifications for the past several years; there is insufficient research to demonstrate the effects of these changes. This paper aims to address the issues in the supplementary payment systems, which are one of the recent changes of the healthcare system in the country. This study is mainly based on a review of the relevant professional literature, a research and interpretation of supplementary payment in the public hospitals. This is a research as well as an assessment work done in secondary and tertiary care hospitals. Performance based supplementary payment system in public hospitals aims to provide bonuses to health care employees like physicians, nurses, etc. The bonus is given to professionals, who produce the qualified health services based on records by the evaluation of the whole institution. Financing of supplementary payment system in Turkey is mainly based on social security premiums. Consequently, balance of income and expenditures at hospitals is needed to be followed sensitively. According to this study, physicians’ productivity has increased but number of patients per physician has decreased. Also, the amount of performance paid to the physician for their specialty has decreased. Physicians like cardiologists can benefit more from the pay for performance system as their work contributions are paid more compared to internist work. Also secondary care hospital staffs were better paid compared to tertiary care hospitals because more critical cases are sent to tertiary care and treatment of such cases are of high cost. The reforms resulted satisfactory and very successful improvement in healthcare performance. The main health indicators are now better than at the beginning of the transition period. The sustainability of the reform processes will cause further improvement in the near future. The number of treatments per patient is increased not the number of patient and this may cause an escalated demand. Some precaution such as to control referral of a patient to a tertiary care when the care is possible in the secondary care units is needed to be taken. Complicated or critical patients mean great cost to hospital’s revolving funds which means less money to the health staff via pay for performance system in secondary and especially tertiary care.

142-152

Authors: Melike ÖZER KESKİN, Nilay KESKİN SAMANCI, İsmet KURT

This research is planned for determining teacher candidates’ opinions about some bioethics issues which include ethical dilemmas. In this research in which quantitative research techniques was used, a study group consisted of 238 teacher candidates from eight different departments at Gazi University in 2011-2012 academic year. Bioethical Values Inventory including scenarios located in the center of ethical issues, such as genetic screening tests, reproductive technologies and euthanasia used as an assessment instrument. Preferences of teacher candidates on scenarios are examined by using research variables such as the gender and studied department. In addition ethical approaches when making their decisions on ethical problems were analyzed. It was observed that the teacher candidates changed the ethical approaches while making decision for each scenario were varied. The teachers’ overall judgments and ethical approach preferences for each scenario did not differentiate according to the department and gender. Only gender-related differences were identified in the genetic screening test scenario.

161-165

Authors: Duygu GÜLEÇ, Aynur SARUHAN

This research was carried out as a descriptive study in order to determine the anxiety levels of third and last year students of Ege University School of Nursing while preparing their thesis and the factors affecting this. The research was performed with 142 students from third and last year students studying at Ege University School of Nursing. Data was collected using a questionnaire prepared by the researchers and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. It was determined that, 52,1% of the students were above the age of 23 years, 53,5% were last year students, 44,4% stayed in dormitory, 61,3% indicated that they experienced anxiety problems while determining the subject of thesis, and 38,7% got sufficient assistance from their supervisor. State anxiety average was 49,11± 12,23 and Trait anxiety average was 45,14± 7,8. Age groups, year of their study, staying with parents or receiving help from the supervisor were determined not to be effective in anxiety levels. Guiding and supporting attitudes of the teaching staff were thought to be helpful in increasing self-confidence of young people by reducing anxiety.

173-178

Authors: Erdal ARLI

Students who are entitled to get into a university in our country usually live with their families. However, when a student gets into a university which is far away or when it is difficult to go and return, one of the problems which their family has to solve is housing. Housing place alternatives might be government owned hostel, private hostel or houses for rent. The young student who has lived with their family until that age may find themselves in a different environment. This life might make the young people gain socialization, sense of responsibility and sharing, being able to manage their lives in the community - and it might also make them gain qualifications like being able to make discrimination between good and bad. The basic objective of this research is to identify the effects of housing place on individual and social development. The research has been applied to the students of Kocaeli University, Karamürsel Vocational High School . For the research, five focus group discussions have been carried out, each of which is formed of 8 participants and one assistant. In the study which was carried out based on question and answer, 3 general to special questions were directed . Group members have been formed of students who stay in house and hostel also students who stay with their own family. Maximum diversity sampling has been executed. According to the results, it appears that most essential contributions of staying in a hostel are mainly information sharing, growing mature, learning about recognizing human beings, being able to make discrimination between good and bad, learning about trusting, learning about making more moderate spending, and being able to make decisions freely. Besides, participants stated that any type of environment was available for studying both in governmental hostel and in housing environment, and studying in groups increases their successes.