Tecnura

12-37

Authors: Gustavo Andrés Romero, Cristian Andrés González Prieto, María Angélica Díaz Barriosnuevos, Nataly Alejandra Rueda Menjura

Context: A set of options is proposed to help determine the most appropriate method to correct in databases of appreciable size, initial conditions of missing data and that will be used in research processes. Methodology: This article addresses a proposal for the development and management of robust databases such as financial records, focusing from the Knowledge Discovery in Data bases (KDD) process. Results: A methodology is developed and tested using three imputation techniques in a database built from 1,253,280 financial records of 2,238 companies that represent seven years of their economic activity in the town of Chapinero in the city of Bogotá D.C. Conclusions: A comparison of the imputation methods is carried out as a determining factor for the choice of the imputation method and consolidation of the base for later use.

51-71

Authors: Fabio Martínez Carrillo, Lina Marcela Ruiz García, Luis Carlos Guayacan Chaparro

Context: Polyps are protruding masses that grow along the intestinal tract and are considered to be the main precursors of colorectal cancer. In early stages, polyp detection represents a survival probability of up to 93%, whereas, for other stages, this probability can decrease to 8%. Despite the fact that colonoscopy is the most effective method to detect polyps, several studies have shown a loss rate of up to 26% in detecting polyps. Computer tools have emerged as an alternative to support polyp detection and localization, but various problems remain open due to their high variability. Method: This work introduces a computational strategy that produces visual attention maps with the most probable location of polyps to generate alarms and support detection procedures. Each colonoscopy frame is decomposed into a set of deep features extracted from pre-trained architectures. Such features are encoded into a dense Hough representation in order to obtain a polyp template, which is then propagated in each frame to obtain a visual attention map. The maximum regions are back-projected to the colonoscopy in order to draw suspicious polyp regions. Results: The proposed strategy was evaluated in the ASU-Mayo Clinic and CVC-Video Clinic datasets, reporting a detection accuracy of 70% among the four most probable regions, while ten regions yielded 80%. Conclusions: The obtained attention maps highlight the most probable regions with suspicious polyps. The proposed approach may be useful to support colonoscopy analysis.

89-112

Authors: Edgar Sánchez, Noé Villegas Flores , Sara del Rocío Ochoa Averos , Yelinca Nalena Saldeño Madero

Objective: This research presents a novel multi-criteria methodology that allows evaluating two asphalt materials used in the paving sector, aiming to provide guidelines for selecting a material under a sustainable profile. This methodological tool allows evaluating characteristics and indicators associated with the behavior of an asphalt mixture in an integrated and consistent way as well as with environmental impact. Methodology: A sustainability parameter associated with the study of two materials from the paving sector was obtained. The main characteristics of a hot asphalt mixture and a cold mixture under the same contour conditions were evaluated. Regarding the multi-criteria model, the concept of decision theory was taken, supported by the MIVES methodology and the utility function, thus allowing to evaluate and compare the indicators proposed for this analysis case. Results: The sustainability index was obtained for the two materials studied. The cold asphalt mixture obtained a value of 0,76, representing an overall better performance in the three axes analyzed (environmental, economic, and operation). On the other hand, the hot mixture obtained an index of 0,57, a value inherent to a less positive response than the cold mixture. Conclusions: The developed methodology allowed for the incorporation of variables and indicators of different units of measurement and diverse nature. Obtaining a sustainability index in asphalt materials represents a significant advance in the application of multi-criteria methodologies.

140-174

Authors: John Jairo Castro Maldonado, Leidy Katherine Gómez Macho, Esperanza Camargo Casallas

Objective: To identify the current state of knowledge regarding the concepts related to research processes, applied research, technological development, experimental development and innovation and its relationship with training processes, in order to obtain and/or strengthen relevant skills. demanded by the current information and knowledge society, for this, it also deepens and analyzes the different definitions that are found regarding competence and its application in current educational processes in the environment of a globalized and interconnected society. Methodology: The research, according to the approach given by Jacqueline Hurtado de Barrera from the perspective of the holistic research methodology, is proposed from a descriptive work, with a design, according to the origin of the data, of a documentary type, according to the temporality of the study, it is framed as transactional, likewise, according to the criterion of breadth of focus, it is considered multivariable and according to the criterion of data manipulation, it would be non-experimental, likewise, the approach is qualitative, applying the documentary review technique and the instrument, analysis matrix and sources registry. For the development of this research, a systematic review was carried out based on the search in different databases and sources of information of a scientific and academic nature, where keywords and Boolean connectors were applied for their adequate segmentation and collection of information during the window. of observation from 2015 to 2022. In the same way, in this work two types of analysis were carried out, one oriented to the co-occurrence of words and the other to co-authorship of the countries of affiliation of the authors through the VOSViewer software. Results: It was identified that both the concepts related to applied research and experimental development and those related to competencies have different characteristics and approaches according to the perspective being analyzed, which can range from a business point of view through a academic perspective and ending with a more humanistic look, everything results in proposing structured definitions that strengthen the knowledge of the complex interactions of the subject with the object and how from these interactions, the subject can improve its context. Conclusions: It was possible to identify that the contribution of applied research activities and experimental development through educational processes oriented to formative research can strengthen the skills demanded by the current society, information and knowledge from different dimensions, that is, from the generic competencies made up of basic competencies and transversal competencies up to specific competencies framed mainly by technical competencies specifically related to their area of ​​training.

207-232

Authors: Daniela Fernanda Sanchez Polanco, María Alejandra Acevedo Cote, Javier Arturo Orjuela Castro

Objective: Establish the state of the art through a literature review of theoretical and empirical research conducted in the last decades in the field of logistics operators. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer Link, IEEE and Google academic databases, and of documents from entities that report on logistics aspects. Results: New evaluation and selection mechanisms are identified, as well as a comparative analysis of the national logistics operators sector with respect to the international environment and identification of possible future work. Conclusions: The work of Colombian logistics operators is a little explored field, in terms of operational opportunities, as well as the strategies and methodologies used for their management in both normal and extraordinary conditions.