Tecnura

21-33

Authors: Irma Aracely Toscano Rentería, Esmeralda Brito Cervantes, Santos Magaña Moya, Mario Guadalupe Gonzaléz Pérez

Context: in Mexico, international trade is experiencing an increase joined by international companies in the manufacturing area, in the state of Jalisco. The research reviews the homeostasis of the assembly and exportation companies, with the idea of improving shipping logistics to automate and increase productivity, through the development and application of the continuous improvement tool called kaizen. Method: this research is based on a systemic approach. In this sense, to identify the company's homeostasis, data and information were obtained on the activities carried out by the logistics area, as well as on policies and strategies. Subsequently, through the Ishikawa diagram, the cause-effect relationship was analyzed and through a process mapping the problem of the areas of purchase, production and deposit was determined. Finally, several alternative solutions were proposed to improve management. In addition, for the development of the solutions, the problems and solutions were faced by relating them to the impact on the level of service and making a comparison between before and after implementing the kaizen. Results: The study focuses on the shipping logistics operation to automate the process and avoid bottlenecks. In this way, orders that are not sent on time become code A (urgent orders) and make the customer have a productivity rating of 60%. Therefore, when implementing Kaizen, it is possible to increase considerably up to 35% per year, with 95% satisfaction and qualification samples. It is worth mentioning that this kaizen was carried out in the Fru´s & Opt project. Conclusions: The current homeostasis of the tools mentioned in the study are basic and necessary. Also, continuous improvement tools continue to be updated and adapted; For example: Heijumka, Jidoka, Smed, Lean Manufacturing, Just in Time, Toyota Production System (TPS), 5s or Gemba, as it is a way to increase productivity, reduce costs and increase competitiveness to attract more markets International.

45-54

Authors: Sara Edith Bueno Pérez, Susana Marceleño Flores, Oyolsi Nájera González, Rebeca de Haro Mota

Context: Water is essential for life and conservation of water quality is vital. The amount of fresh water on earth is limited and its quality is subject to constant pressure. This problem makes it necessary to present tools that allow quantifying the possible impacts generated by human activities in this resource. Therefore, this research determines the water footprint in the coastal area of San Blas, Mexico. Method: This work estimates the water footprint in the coastal area of he municipality of San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico, according to the method of water scarcity that occurs when demand exceeds the supply of fresh water in a given area. This method considers the water stress index in its calculation. Results: The result shows that the water footprint to quantify the total volume of water used by the inhabitants is less than the national average. In this way, the study area does not present water stress, since the extraction of water has not exceeded its availability. Conclusions: The water footprint by the scarcity method can be considered as an indicator of the proportion of annual withdrawals and water availability; It allows comparisons of the pressure to which the water resource is subjected between zones, regions and countries. In addition, it can contribute to the planning of the distribution and management of water in agricultural and urban use, in regions such as this study, where the area of agricultural use exceeds 35%. The estimation of the water footprint presented in this work considers the relationship between the extraction of fresh water for human use and its total water availability in a given region (WSI), the volume distributed and the percentage of drinking water coverage of the area in study.