Tecnura

10

Authors: Sergio Alejandro Rojas Barbosa

Context: In the last decade, databases have evol-ved so much that we no longer speak only of spatial databases, but also of spatial and temporal databa-ses. This means that the event or record has a spatial or localization variable and a temporality variable, which allows updating the previously stored record Method: This paper presents a bibliographic review about concepts, spatio-temporal data models, speci-fically the models of data in movement. Results: Taxonomic considerations of the queries are presented in the models of data in movement, ac-cording to the persistence of the query (time, loca-tion, movement, object and patterns), as well as the different proposals of indexes and structures. Conclusions: The implementation of model pro-posals, such as indexes and structures, can lead to standardization problems. This is why it should be standardized under the standards and standards of the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium).

14

Authors: Fernando García De Quevedo Najar, Mario Guadalupe Gonzalez Pérez, Yefer Asprilla Lara

Context: The recent increase in accidents, mishaps or road accidents in urban systems with metropoli-tan characteristics has caused concern in the autho-rities responsible for planning the issue of mobility and transport subsystems. Indeed, there is conver-gence that the occurrence of this type of events is away from purely stochastic factors, but are the re-sult of anomalies associated with the intrasystemic interaction of the vehicle, the user and the road. In this sense, the objective of this work is to determine through systemic analysis the components that are causing entropy in the second most important me-tropolis in Mexico. Method: In this analysis the precepts of systems theory are used; in such a way that through the tringulation of data obtained in situ and solved documentarily the causal components of intrasystemic entropy are determined. To do this, a modified derivation of the Pressure-State-Response model that identifies ho-meostasis in the urban system is elaborated Results: The high exposure rates force the user to oc-cupy the road subsystem for long periods of time, which triggers voluntary and involuntary human errors complemented by the lax requirements for obtaining driving licenses. From here, the compo-nents that produce accidents include in the road part the pavements in poor condition, absence of signa-ling, poor design of intersections, among others; in the vehicle part, mechanical failures due to the use-ful life of the internal components, flexible regula-tory frameworks, and other; in the part of the user for breach of the regulations, physiological factors among others Conclusions: From the systemic analysis, mobility is a subject of valuable study to detect the imbalances in the trinomial Vehicle-User-Road (V-C-U), which lead us to generate preventive and corrective mea-sures that suppress metropolitan accidents, morbidi-ty and mortality in the metropolis; or in our terms to reduce entropy levels in the system