Jornal of Management, Economics and Industrial Organization

1-30.

Authors: Tasin Alif

For a country like Bangladesh, ensuring financial access to all level of business, entrepreneurship and individual should be a critical priority. In the development of any country, a well trusted financial system is a prerequisite. Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) were established for meeting the special and growing financial needs of the country. Only a few of NBFIs are running their operation effectively. One of the listed NBFIs, People’s Leasing , are currently on liquidation due to the collapse of its financial condition in the last several years. The NBFIs sector is new and small as compared to Banks, the event of liquidation is the first event of liquidation in this sector which made this sector vulnerable. Many more NBFIs are already at stake, which could be subject to liquidation or similar types of actions in the near future. This paper examined all the listed NBFIs and found that more NBFIs may face the same types of regulatory risk as like as the PLFSL in the near future. Finding alternative sources of funds should be a priority of this industry as the higher cost of funds continues to rise over the years. In 2018, the cost of weighted average fund of NBFIs was 70% upper than Banks. The Non-performing Loan (NPL) of NBFIs is continuously increasing. At the end of 2018, their NPL raised at 7.77% of their overall Leases, loans and advances. This paper shows that the retained earnings of listed NBFIs industry, is in decreasing trend over the last five years, their retained earnings goes down to negative in 2017 at 1.68 billion and at the end of 2018 it was negative 2.90 billion. After the liquidation of PLFSL, a systemic risk was evolved in the industry. Investors and depositors are confused about whether to keep their investment or not. Annual growth of deposit falls to 5.86 % in 2018. This sector also experienced a negative trend of NIM from the last five years. Also, some NBFIs are experiencing negative Interest rate spread (IRS). NBFIs are engaged in direct competition with the banks now, specially, after banks entry in the leasing activity. NBFIs firstly come into seen with the leasing products but currently the overall leasing activities of NBFI industry is at the level of 13.6 %. The annual growth of total asset was not satisfactory due to the fall of the growth rate of their asset in 2018. Total asset as compared to GDP was also reduced to 2.75% (2018) from 3% of 2017. This sector may be able to act significantly in our financial sector if we can handle the current situation. If this sector is given appropriate support for overcoming their condition, this sector can also be a sustainable sector.

39-64.

Authors: Cemil Kuzey, Muhammet Sait Dinc, Farzan Ullah Khan, Victor Raj

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a key element of the global economy, which is an engine of employment, technological progress, productivity improvements, and, ultimately, economic growth, especially within emerging countries. As an emerging country, India has attracted the attention of multinational enterprises in recent years. This study aims to explore a variety of foreign direct investment decision-making motives of multinational enterprises which have entered the market in India. Qualitative research methodology was incorporated in this study to investigate different FDI decision-making motives by means of interviews with the representatives of eight companies who hold enterprises in India in which the study findings regarding the various entry modes, location choices, strategies, opportunities and challenges faced by multinational entities in the Indian market were explored.

86-99.

Authors: Puman Hou, Benny Lim

China celebrated the 70th anniversary of its founding in 2019, and this has triggered heightened imagination towards traditional Chinese arts and culture. In the same year, its Ministry of Culture and Tourism rolled out a comprehensive plan to conserve traditional artforms by promoting active revitalization. This exploratory research investigates the possible strategies, as well as areas of contention, in commercializing traditional performing arts, specifically, Chinese crosstalk. An in-depth case study of well-known Chinese crosstalk company, Deyunshe, is carried out. Case study involves in-depth investigations and the eventual understanding of real-world situations and phenomena. Deyunshe is one of the very few established Chinese crosstalk companies in China dedicated to revitalizing the art form. Research outcomes show that Deyunshe has been successful in revitalizing and commercializing Chinese crosstalk with its effective product, place, price, people, and physical evidence strategies. This in turn creates a viable model for traditional performing arts in China, crosstalk or otherwise, to be revitalized and made marketable. Nevertheless, the over-revitalization/commercialization of traditional performing arts may also result in the subordination of the artistic values of the artforms.