Journal of Environmental Nanotechnology

06-14

Authors: P. Vinisha Valsaraj, C. Janardanan

A novel four component inorganic cation exchange material tinzirconium molybdophosphate with two cations and two anions has been synthesized. Chemical composition of the compound was determined by ICP-AES method and structural studies were carried out using TGA, XRD, and FT-IR, SEM. Bifunctional behaviour of the material has been indicated by its pH titration curves. The material shows high ion exchange capacity of 1.96 meqg-1. The distribution coefficient studies of metal ions on the material were performed in different solvent systems and the material was found to be selective for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) ions. On the basis of distribution coefficient value, some analytically important binary separations of metal ion like Pb(II)-Co(II), Pb(II)-Ni(II), Pb(II)-Mg(II), Pb(II)-Hg(II), Cu(II)- Bi(III), Cu(II)-Zn(II), Cu(II)-Mg(II), Hg(II)-Zn(II), Hg(II)-Bi(III), Hg(II)-Mg(II) were achieved on tinzirconium molybdophosphate column. In order to demonstrate the practical utility of the material, quantitative separation of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) from textile effluent, paper industry and wood industry have been achieved. Keywords : Binary Separation, Ion Exchanger, Tetravalent Metal Acid Salts,".standard-a

22-29

Authors: Arun Bhatt1, Piyusha Singh1, Vineet Kumar1, Mamta Baunthiy2

This study aims to document information about ethanobotanical information of plant used by the people for the treatment of livestock in different parts of Garhwal region of Uttarakhand state. The documentation of biodiversity and its traditional use(s) by the local inhabitant of this region have assumed priority due to the rampant loss of biodiversity, the increasing patent wars on bio-resources. Traditional use of plant and plant resources has a long history in Uttarakhand and its use is rapidly increasing due to having no side effects, easily available at affordable prices and some time only available to the poor especially in remote regions of Garhwal region. The methods employed during the present study were designed with the sole purpose of eliciting the precious wealth of information on the ethno-veterinary uses of medicinal plants by the people of Garhwal region. Field surveys were conducted in the various thickly populated live-stocks rich places of Garhwal region between 2007-11.Key informants were identified after preliminary discussion with the people. Information on ethanobotanical uses of the plants was collected by interviewing key informants of the community using a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire. Usually, the elderly and experienced members of the society, locally known as 'Vaidyas', were interviewed.Often,they were accompanied to the field for the identification of plant species used and their preferred habitats. All the relevant information, in particular the mode of preparation, method of use and dosage of each medicinal plant species was recorded. Echno-veterinary practices used by the people are interesting, and have been practiced since long back. In general bleeding, foot and mouth disease, gastrointestinal helminthiasis, mange, myiasis, pain, pediculosis, pneumonia, tick infestation and uterine prolapsed were ten common conditions/ailments of animals for which traditional ethno-veterinary prescriptions are usually being used in the area. The data generated by this study will be helpful for making the maximum and sustainable use of plants as well as animal resources. The disappearance of these practices will not only affect poor villagers and their livestock but also be a permanent loss of our culture, heritage and biodiversity .It is finally hoped that ethno-veterinary practices will be useful to the Department of Animal Husbandry, extension workers, scientists, and policy makers in their efforts towards sustainable livestock farming system and might be able to offer a broader range of animal healthcare options in the different regions of Garhwal Himalaya. Keywords : Ethano-botanical, Livestock, Traditional knowledge, Ethno-veterinary, Biodiversity, Sustainable livestock farming system�

37-41

Authors: N. Veerabagu Suresh1, R. C. Sarasvathi2, Haresh M. Pandya3, K. B. Rajesh3*

Based on the vector diffraction theory, the effect of phase modulation on the intensity distribution of TEM11 mode azimuthally polarized Laguerre-Gaussian beam in the focal region of high NA lens is investigated theoretically. It is observed that a properly designed complex phase filter can generate multiple focal hole segment and it is useful for the manipulation of optical traps. Keywords : polarized double ring shaped beam, radial electric field component

46-52

Authors: Omkar Singh1*, C.K. Jain

In this study, water quality and eutrophication aspects of Mansar, Surinsar, Tsokar, Tsomoriri and Renuka lakes have been discussed. The water quality parameters were compared with BIS standards for drinking purposes. The values of physico-chemical water quality parameters for Mansar and Surinsar lakes (Jammu Division) were found within the desirable limits except low DO in hypolimnion. Whereas, the values of physico-chemical parameters for Tsomoriri and Tsokar lakes (Ladakh region) were found beyond limits having much higher concentration of pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, chloride, calcium, magnesium. The water quality of Renuka lake shown higher concentration of magnesium, iron, manganese, lead, total coliform, faecal coliform and low DO in hypolimnion. The eutrophication status assessed on the basis of phosphate concentration show eutrophic condition of Mansar, Surinsar, Tsomoriri and hyper-eutrophic condition of Tsokar and Renuka lake. The results indicate that efforts are required to lower the existing eutrophication levels by adopting conservation measures for the lakes. Kewords : Carlson's TSI, Eutrophication, Lake, Water Quality, Western Himalayas.

59-69

Authors: S.N. Maity

Energy and pollution are the present burning questions. So, there is an impending demand of an alternative green power. Solar, as believed, is the only major alternative in comparison to other sources of available renewable energies. For absorbing the sun solid silicon-crystalline photo-voltaic (SPV) method is the best. SPV panels are laid on structures at tilt angle. SPV is a land consuming system. Scarcity of land is the greatest crisis of the earth. Solar Power Tree is invented for installing PV-modules on a tall pole-like structure with branch- like panels and takes only 1% of land than conventional SPV layout. Keywords : Silicon-crystalline Photo-Voltaic (SPV), Solar Power Tree.������

74-82

Authors: Monika Mishra, Avanish Pratap Singh, S. K. Dhawan*

A matrix having conducting, magnetic and dielectric filler, due to their unique attenuation and electrical properties have shown their potential application in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. However, the difficulties of reflection of microwave are yet to be overcome. Recently, exfoliated graphite along with iron oxide and fly ash found to a better alternate to the conventional shielding materials. Conductivity of composites lies in the range 0.013"14.57 S/cm. The microwave absorption properties of the composites have been studied in the 8.2-12.4 GHz (X-Band) frequency range which shows a shielding effectiveness upto 59.83 dB, which strongly depends on dielectric loss and weight fraction of fly ash and γ-Fe2O3 in EG matrix. Keywords : Composite materials, Magnetically ordered materials, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

97-100

Authors: B. Parasuram1, S. Karthikeyan2, S. Sundram3*

The recycling of waste plastics by thermal and catalytic degradation processes can be an important source of producing alternative fuel oil from the view point of an economical aspect and contributing to the environmental protection from the view point of an environmental aspect. In this work pyrolysis of Polystyrene (PS) was carried out with bentonite as a catalyst at temperature between 380 to 420°C to explore its effect on pyrolysis product distribution. Three fractions of products were obtained: Pyrolysis oil (55 wt %), pyro gas (10 wt %) and char (34 wt %). The presences of catalyst produces light oil as well as increase in yields of liquid and gas fractions as the temperature increases were reported. Keywords : Catalyst; Oil; Plastic; and Pyrolysis