IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences

1-8

Authors: SATNAM KAUR JOHAL & SUPREETPAL SINGH

The present study aimed at exploring the relationship between Teacher Effectiveness and Spiritual Intelligence of Secondary School Teachers. The Government and Public School Teachers rated themselves as well as they were rated by their respective Heads for Teacher Effectiveness. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between Teacher Effectiveness and Spiritual Intelligence when Government School Teachers rated themselves or rated by their Heads. In case of Public School Teachers a significant positive relationship was found when they rated themselves but no relationship was found when rated by their Heads. The study also indicated that Spiritual Intelligence and Teacher Effectiveness are not influenced by gender. However, High Spiritual Intelligence Group shows more Teaching Effectiveness as compared to Low Spiritual Intelligence Group.

21-28

Authors: S. JOHN KAVIARASU & A. CHRISTU RAJ

This scientific study analyzed the use of savings credit program and also to find out to what extent, the various needs of urban poor families living in slums in Chennai city are satisfied. It was done to compare the pre and post loan status of women and their households before and after becoming the members of self-help groups, promoted by Tamil Nadu Women Development Corporation. For this purpose, a sample of 200 women loanees was taken from 10 slums, where savings credit program was operational. Primary data was collected through interviews and the secondary data was obtained from loan books and banks in Chennai city. It was found that 75% women were in the age group of 20-45 years, 70% were SCs, 98% were married, and 37% were illiterate. 80% had the practice of saving on a monthly basis. Only 69 % were regular in repayment of loan and also expressed that they had converted their houses from asbestos seat to permanent structures. 83% expressed that they have drastic change in social awareness and respected much in society. After availing the loan, 76% women shared in decision making. This shows that the status of women is respected, when they are able to contribute financially to the family’s needs. 48% of women rarely participated in outdoor activities in the pre-loan period, but in the post loan period it rose to 89%. Interaction with male members was only 8% in the pre-loan period but then it increased to 92% in the post loan period. The impact of saving credit programmes has a positive impact on the society. Still the women need to understand the various social laws enacted for their betterment.

37-48

Authors: Richa Pandey, Rajesh Tripathi & Pradeep K. Varshney

Fresh water is the basic commodity of human life. Using renewable Solar energy and Desalination certainly produce an inexhaustible source of drinking water. Development of such systems which can fulfill the world’s population of 6 billion to have access of clean drinking water using natural resources is a need of the hour. Solar still is such a simple and affordable device for converting brackish water into potable water. Many more features are attributed to this simple instrument apart from its simplicity, like eco-friendly, economical, low maintenance charges, ease of handling, sustainability, material availability and 99% purity. The present communication elaborates the advancement of solar still till date and also the scope for further research.

65-74

Authors: KAMIL K. FAHAD

Concentration of three heavy metals ( cadmium , copper and zinc ) in the gills, skin, scales, liver, bones and muscles of four fish species ( Himri, carp, tilapia and khishni ) collected from the Euphrates River in the area between the town of Batha and the city of Nasiriyah were investigated. Samples were collected in July 2015. The study revealed that the concentrations of heavy metals changewith different tissue and with species of fish. The lowest level of cadmium was shown by Hamri (38.88 mg / kg dry weight) , and the highest ( 107.4 mg / kg dry weight) was recorded in the liver followed by scales . Carp and tilapia did not differ significantly among themselves and showed significant differences (p <0.05) fromKhishni.The lowest level of copper was measured in the muscle tissue (21.93 mg / kg dry weight) and highest in the liver ( 2088.07 mg / kg dry weight) . Hamri showed more accumulation of copper. The highest rates of zinc was in the gills ( 279.79 mg / kg dry weight) and the lowest accumulation was in the muscles. The study indicate that all concentrations of heavy metals in the tissues of fish was high as classified by FAO. The effect of cadmium on the different fish species differ significantly (P <0.05). Transactions in the texture of the skin and bone tissue did not differ from each other, but significantly rose (p <0.05) compared with the treatments of scales and muscle tissue.

75-84

Authors: Asaad A. Sfook & Razzaq Gh. Neghamish

There are many plants extract and many chemical compounds were decreasing volatile ammonia from the soil after adding Nitrogen fertilizer. In this study test many plants extract to know the ability this extracts on decreasing ammonia volatilization with many concentration (1.5 , 3 , 4.5) ml/100 g soil and Hydroquinone used to same aim . The result explained all treatment of plant extracts and Hydroquinone compound with 1.5 ml/100 g soil and 2.5 mg/100 g soil respectively. Caused decreasing ammonia volatilization p<0.05 except plant extract of Vigna radiata , caused increasing a significantly different p<0.05 to ammonia volatilization compared with control treatment ( soil and fertilizer only) in the second experiment used concentration 3 ml/100 g soil and 5 mg/100g soil of Hydroquinone. The result explained that the rate of ammonia volatilization were ( 10.8 , 4.1 , 5 , 13.5 , 4.2 , 4 , 2.8 , 2.7 ) mg NH3/100 g soil to Hydroquinone , Phaseolus vulgaris, Pennisetum americanum, Cinnamomum zeilanicum Nees, Eucalyptus camaldulensrs Dehnl, Vigna radiata, Matricaria chmomilla and Tribulus terrestis L. respectively. All this plant extracts caused a significantly decreasing ammonia volatilization p<0.05 except Hydroquinone treatment and Cinnamomum zeilanicum Nees caused increasing ammonia volatilization compared with control treatment in this concentration 3 ml/100g soil in other experiment used plant extract to the same plants with 4.5 ml/100 g soil and 7.5 mg/100 g soil of Hydroquinone in the experiment to know effecting increasing concentration of this plant and Hydroquinone an ammonia volatilization the result explained that all plant extracts recorded a significantly different decreasing ammonia volatilization except Vigna vadiata the rate of volatile ammonia were ( 5.6 , 5.5 , 4.8 , 5 , 3.6 , 3.7 , 2.7 ) mg NH3/100 g soil to Hydroquinone , Phaseolus vulgaris, Pennisetum americanum, Cinnamomum zeilanicum Nees, Eucalyptus camaldulensrs Dehnl, Matricaria chmomilla and Tribulus terrestis L. respectively, compared with control treatment . The interaction between treatment and concentration explained that the highest a volatile ammonia got with Vigna radiata in the concentration 1.5 ml/100 g soil and was 17.8 mg NH3/100 g soil and the lowest volatile ammonia was 2.6 mg NH3/100 g soil to Hydroquinone . There are not any a significant difference at volatile ammonia among the concentration ( 1.5 , 3 , 4.5 ) ml/100 g soil and were 5.77 , 5.81 and 5.21 mg NH3/100 g soil.

93-104

Authors: ZAHRAA T.MASHLOOL & MOHAMED A. AOWDA

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of of cupping treatment on serum glucose , serum oxidation-antioxidants status. Using the lipid peroxidation marker, malondialdehyde (MDA) and preventative antioxidant Ceruloplasmin (Cp) and Albumin (Alb), in serum of volunteer Blood samples were obtained from (100) volunteer (before and after cupping treatment), as well as (35) healthy subjects as a control group. They divided into two groups as the following: Control Group: - Included Thirty fivehealthy subjects aged (20-70 years). Pre Cupping Group: - Included one hundred volunteer before cupping aged (20-70 years). Post Cupping Group: - Included one hundred volunteer after cupping aged (20-70 years). Results: The results showA significant decreased can be observed in post cupping group when comparison with pre cupping group (p≤0.05), while a non-significant different in the level of serum glucose can be observed in post cupping group in comparison with control group (p≤0.05). Serum MDA also shown A significant decrease can be observed in post cupping group in comparison with pre cupping group (p≤0.05), while a non-significant differs in the level of serum MDA can be observed in post cupping group in comparison with control group (p≤0.05). As well pre cupping group shown that significant increase (p≤0.05) in serum MDA when comparison with post cupping and control groups. While serum Cp levels shown that significant increase (p≤0.05) in serum CP can be observed in pre and post cupping groups when compared to with control group, as well as post cupping group show significant decrease (p≤0.05)in serum CP in comparison with pre cupping group. As well as serum Alb show that significant increase (p≤0.05) in serum Alb can be observed in pre and post cupping groups when comparison with control group, as well as post cupping group shows a significant decrease (p≤0.05)in serum Alb in comparison with pre cupping group.

107-114

Authors: CHUNG-JEN OU

Recently, it has become important to bind the most use of the green technology as the power saving strategy. Several applications of the solar energy with specifically designed storage and conducting component for providing the solar illuminating system is being proposed. Yet, just a few of the designs that considers the working with the microcontroller unit (MCU) for the conduction of the solar light into the environmental illuminating. To complete this task, construction an appropriate sunlight illuminating model with the relative movement of the sun respect to the earth for the MCU is recorded. With ray tracing and scattering model, variations in the energy flux of the moving Helios can be calculated, which shows the feasibility of present methodology