IMPACT : International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature

11-14

Authors: Soumya

Print, as global phenomena was a trend that clearly emerged out of the various facets of Modernity. Thus Print and its development was a major turning point in the history of dissemination of a wide plethora of discourses and epistemological systems across the globe. Within the Indian context, like in any other part of the world, the evolution of print culture had, since the advent of technological and scientific advancement, been a major intervention in the modern age which made it possible to archive a large reservoir of oral knowledge. This paradigm shift from the purely oral to the print forms was rather a significant marker in Indian history which in a sense changed the face of not just literature but also the production, acceptance, and reception of all other Indian knowledge systems. Keeping in view and being fully aware of the importance and widespread reach that Print holds in India, this paper attempts to look closely at a trend during the 1970s which in a sense countered the print culture that had become a dominant form of exchange of knowledge. Here, it becomes rather important to delve a bit deeper into the period which is in common parlance called the 1970’s. Contrary to the general understanding, in the Indian context 1970s refers not just particularly to the decade i.e. from 1970 to 1979, rather to a trend that emerged much before 1970 in the Indian context. Thus, the specific reference here is to the ‘historical moment’ in Indian history called the Emergency, which for the first time since the emergence of the Print Culture faced censorship being imposed on the Press, an event which posed a major challenge and in a sense undermined its purpose itself at a time when it was in its boom and had acquired wide acceptance. This study focuses on those tendencies within the period which sought to find alternatives to print forms of resistance and seeks to delve deep into those alternative counter-narratives, mostly in the oral form that went on to challenge the established supremacy of Print. Thus, the focal point of the study is on a counter-print discourse, a trend which came as an offshoot of the excesses of the Government during the Emergency.

29-36

Authors: K. Nachimuthu

Internet use is very common all around the world, especially for academic work, and recreational purposes. The Internet has in recent years become ubiquitous in the lives of young persons and children, due to rapid information technology (IT) development, high speed wire connection, easy accessibility and increasing affordability. Its growth has also been fueled by a huge demand created by social and print media, advertisements and peer influences. Severe competition in educational institutions, stress from studies, parent-ward problems and peer conflicts are all highly stressful situations which could generate negative emotions, such as low self-esteem, feelings of inferiority and repressed anger, in teens. Many youths are using mainstream social networking sites. Most of the youths using internet in following utilities viz., Downloading, uploading, e-mail, chat, e-poll, health, news, current affairs, Job search, Education, science & technology, dictionary check, e-ticketing, banking, investments, insurance, sports update, fashion, beauty, GPS/ DPRS locations, literature, entertainment, license, cookery, astrology, traffic information, e-governance, e-bills, recharge activities, blogs creation and online shopping. Due to all the above works, they loss their realities and follow on modern cultures. This paper describes the pleasures and pressures of values on Youths.

47-56

Authors: Pradeep Tandon

Power is defined as “the capacity or ability to direct or influence the behavior of others or the course of events to get desired outcomes”. It can be done by threatening or by using wealth, if the person or the country is rich enough, or else if the person or the country has good reputation among counterparts can attract others towards it and get the work done. There are several ways in which others behavior can be affected. In the political world, it can simply be defined as the possession of capabilities or resources that can influence outcomes. In International political scenario, a country is considered to be powerful which has, relatively large population, territory, natural resources, economic strength, military force, and social stability. It requires skillful and strong leadership & well structured strategy to utilize the resources in desired manner for getting desired output. But often, Leaders are underestimated and strategies fall short of, like in the case of Hitler & Saddam Hussain.

67-74

Authors: Rhea Keisam

The Look East Policy introduced in the 1990s during P.M. Narasimha Rao was revived in 2014, under P.M. Narendra Modi and renamed as the “Act East Policy” stressing on the need to be more “active” in extending relations and integrating with India’s extended neighboring countries of the Asia Pacific region. The Act East Policy is analyzed and understood through the functionalist perspective, on how Act East Policy uses non-political factors such as economy, social and culture as its objectives in its attempt to promote cooperation with the countries of the Asia Pacific region, and also to integrate regionally through regional organizations like the ASEAN. The recent development like the implementation of Free Trade Agreement on Investment and Services between India and ASEAN in the economic aspect proves the importance of nonpolitical sector which are mutually beneficial to all participating states in seeking integration. Regional integration is of great importance to India and its neighboring countries to counter the rise of China in this region. KEYWORDS: Regional Integration, Functionalism, Soft Power, Act East Policy, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Northeast India.

81-86

Authors: Munejah Khan

F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby (1925) is often referred to as one of the best exemplification of the Jazz Age or the Roaring Twenties. The wealthy Gatsby is the American dream incarnate and his parties exhibit the enthusiasm of the 1920’s. The Roaring Twenties also propagated the feminine ideal of the “new woman” who could defy the norms of patriarchy. However, even with the emergence of the “new woman” the inequities did not cease to exist. This paper analyses how The Great Gatsby is essentially written from a man’s perspective and how it presents women as objects of ornamental importance to men and as inferior beings. Fitzgerald blatant sexism is voiced through the narrator Nick Carraway when he says “Dishonesty in a woman is something you never blame deeply. . . ” In the novel patriarchal order categorizes women either as “Madonna” or as “whore” based on their submission to or rebellion against, the rules of patriarchy. This paper focuses on how the representation of women in literature aims at providing “the role models which indicatewhat constitutes acceptable versions of the feminine and legitimate female goals and aspirations”(Barry 117). The paper through Fitzgerald’s novel illustrates how women like Daisy internalize the norms and values of patriarchy that emphasize the superiority of men. Daisy on the birth of her daughter says as if to reaffirm the inferior status of women “All right, I’m glad it’s a girl. And I hope she’ll be a fool—that the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool”. The paper analyses how women have been constructed in The Great Gatsby and reaffirmsSimone DeBeaviour’s statement “one is not born but becomes a woman”.

95-110

Authors: Meghna Chhabra & Aparna Prashant Goyal

Education is commonly perceived to be important for the success of entrepreneurial activity. But the profile of many successful entrepreneurs suggests lack of education which did not affect their entrepreneurial experience in the least. Thus, it becomes significant to challenge that both education and entrepreneurship are endogenous. The study is a pioneering one in the field of understanding the impact of level of education of the entrepreneurial experience of women entrepreneurs. The earlier related researches have primarily focused on the effect of entrepreneurial education and training on the entrepreneurial intentions and further the business performance of entrepreneurs/women entrepreneurs. Using data from 174 women entrepreneurs from India this paper estimates the effect of level of education of the female entrepreneurial experience - FEE. The FEE framework generated by this study can be used to contrast and compare the experiences of the women entrepreneurs in various other regions. The results suggest that the level of education affected only one factor i.e., the ease of financing from banks and financial institutions) for these women entrepreneurs.

129-136

Authors: A. John Joseph & J. John Love Joy

This article attempts to explicatethe trajectory of the term Eclecticism,its origin and objectives, principles and characteristics, merits and demerits, conceptions and misconceptions in the contextof second language teachings and learning. This is an approach, which came into second language teaching and learning to argue against the adherence teachers, material designers and programme developers to a single method in the language teaching and learning scenario. It is not a method in itself but an approach deriving its sources from various other existing methods to build its principles and characteristics to suit the learners’ needs. Hence, it can be called a pluralistic approach or a mixed approach in a second language teaching and learning.This paper suggests five simple tips to the teachers to be more eclectic and better understand their understanding of teaching-learning functions and thereby alter their teaching methods in the complex situations.

145-158

Authors: Mujeeb Liyakat1 & Ruheela Hassan2

Climate Change is one of the 17 Global Goals or Sustainable Development Goals officially known as Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development set by the United Nations. One of the objectives of the United Nations system is for protect people. UN said that people are experiencing the significant impacts of Climate Change and it is now affecting all the nations throughout the world. The greenhouse gas emissions from human activities are driving Climate Change and continue to rise. They further added that it is the single biggest threat to development. In a country like India, mass communication plays an important role in creating peoples awareness about national policies and issues. Contemporary society is driven by Hard media determinism. More than three years have gone when this vision was launched by the UN. The researchers made use of Content Analysis of mainstream English dailies of India to see whether this art gave this important issue coverage or not. If yes, what type of coverage it gets. Whether it is Reality or Myth. Because newspapers are considered as the schoolmasters of the common man. This art can prove a very important contributor to Climate Change communication and awareness. The researchers after objectively analyzed sample came to know that insufficient space is given to Climate Change and Climate Change as a Reality gets more space than Climate Change as a Myth. Researchers suggest here a theory Savior theory of Fourth Estate. There is no denying the fact that a number of theories proved that media has the power to do miracles. Now the researchers propound this theory to request media to take charge of saving the planet earth.

169-180

Authors: Yasmin Khatun & Shovan Ghosh

Health, a crucial human development indicator, is at a critical juncture at present. Access to public health services in many developing countries is hardly adequate. Inequalities in health care infrastructure loom large, resulting in poor health outcomes. Again these backdrops, the present paper opts to scrutinize the health care infrastructure and its spatial disparities with special references to South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal. Based on secondary data, the paper seeks to develop Health Infrastructure Index with the help of several indicators, pertaining to availability of health care service, performances of the public health care center, and accessibility to health care infrastructure. The study revealed that availability of health care service in terms of doctor population ratio, primary health care center per 10,000 populations are far from satisfactory; the preference for home deliveries is high, poor connectivity and accessibility still poses a setback for good health care service.

191-196

Authors: L. Bishwanth Sharma

Abortion is one of the most controversial issues discussed in the contemporary engagement in applied or medical ethics though legally it is not permitted. This issue is also closely linked with human rights issue because human beings have a right to life. It is also connected with the debate over the identification of fetus with human beings. One thing very clear is that it is morally or legally wrong to eliminate one’s life or to disturb the situation that will become a living organism. The right to exist whether living or non-living is also another fundamental moral issue. No one has the right to violate the right of others. The violation of one’s right whether legitimate or illegitimate within a social structure or a state system is legally as well as morally wrong. The present paper attempts to make an understanding of the issue of abortion from the perspectives of moral ground vis a vis the violation of human rights. The term abortion is usually connected with a human act that disturbed a biological natural process. It is called a premature termination of pregnancy. In the medical moral community, they used the word evacuation, instead of abortion, which is value neutral. Some philosophers define the word abortion as termination of unborn life. This view is subject to criticism from the standpoint of debate on the beginning of life. The termination of life or the disturbance of the biological process can be occurred in two ways. One is spontaneous and another induced. The former is seen when there is malfunctioning of the natural process take an example of miscarriage and the later has happened when some external agent disturbs the process with certain objectives. The moral issue involves in the act of any way of terminating the life considering the motives behind the act and also determining the motives of the actors become a moral dilemma.

209-218

Authors: P. Stanly Joseph Michael Raj & M.O. Tessy

Kudumbashree has become a synonym of a campaign for women development in the state of Kerala. It has been in the forefront of creating economic development, especially for rural women. Kudumbashree has ventured into many areas which were traditionally reserved for men. Started off with self-help groups and microfinance, the movement is now into maintaining railway stations and bus stands to restaurants to branded food and even in construction. MNREGS scheme launched by the central government added to the strengthening of Kudumbashree mate’s scheme implementation. Close to two lakh women were trained to work as ‘Mates’ in MGNREGS. What started as a cadre, developing knowledge on identification and estimation of works lead to the rejuvenation of the entire structure, and it benefited ADS and Kudumbashree, the most. This study by the researchers aims to understand the reasons for the success, and the factors that contributed to the successful implementation in the state.

227-234

Authors: Nancy Waral L

The modern college library is a place where students can, without any assistance, take advantage of its collection, not only books but also slides, transparencies, sound recordings, video films, computer programmes, multimedia programmes and access to the Internet. The new role of libraries are linked therefore to computerization and utilization of information technology in the widest sense and it follows that with the correct equipment and suitable preparation librarians can fulfill their function as gatherers of information. The main aims of the study are to help the law student of Mar Gregorios College, Kerala Law Academy and Government Law College of Trivandrum to know more about their own libraries, resources, potentials, and uses. The study will enable the managements to update their libraries, if needed, to meet their requirements of the students and teacher community.

243-248

Authors: D. Deepa & G. Priyanka

This study quickly clarified that the business visionary is conceived or learned with existing entrepreneurs. India is looked with joblessness issue which influences the adolescent to set out on independent work through the development of possess ventures. To escalate further into the factors underlying the business interest is viewed to be vital at this moment. The research paper has dissected on three particular gatherings: assembling, administrations and trade sub-divisions to find out what incited business visionaries in the nation to go into business. It was discovered that the requirement for support is greater to supplement the self made entrepreneurship abilities to fetch productive results. It was in this manner suggested that more help ought to be rendered to business people in the nation by imparting on them the feeling of intensity.

253-258

Authors: Dashrath

Arun Joshi’s The Strange Case of Billy Biswas is a satire on the modern materialistic world where man finds trapped in the clutches of phony glitter of the outward world. He seems to give a clarion call as what the Romantics exhorted in the late 18th century— ‘Return to Nature’. The portrayal of Billy Biswas’ life-journey answers the questions related to the meaninglessness and fulfillment, peace and prosperity, tradition and modernity, body and soul. The juxtapositioning of the primal, tribal and modern, materialistic world by the writer raises many issues to be addressed in a world where the people at the margins remain out of the focus in present times. By mapping the meandering of Billy’s internal conflict in search of fulfillment and meaningfulness in life this paper aims at analyzing his life as a spiritual odyssey.

269-276

Authors: Harmik Vaishnav

Gandhi, known as the one who clouded the sun that never set on British empire and western powers with his philosophy, preaching and practice but lesser known for bringing light to the rationality of civilization, the structure of law and governance, resilience of economy and commerce and universality of a harmonious societal role. His influence, direct and indirect, reached individuals, leaders, business leaders, politicians, philanthropists, institutions and many a nation.

281-300

Authors: Yigerem Terefe & Kirubel Tadese

Many studies have confirmed the organizational commitment is an important factor deciding the success or failure of the organization. However, how to commit employees with the organization is still a challenge for many organizations. This study was conducted to determine the factors that affect employees’ organizational commitment in Ethiopian public sector. The survey study was conducted on 272 sampled respondents from randomly selected 14 federal ministries. From the total of 272 questionnaires, 260 usable questionnaires were returned and out this, 84 were women and164 were men. For the purpose of analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed using AMOS software, version 21. The study results showed that employees in the public sector relatively had a higher level of affective commitment, followed by normative and continuance commitment respectively. Even though job satisfaction had a statistically significant positive effect on employees’ organizational commitment, the existing level of employees’ job satisfaction was found to be satisfactory. Based on the study finding, job satisfaction had a mediation effect on the relationship between independent variables, perceived organizational support and training, and the dependent variable, employees’ organizational commitment with statistically significant positive indirect effect. And job satisfaction had a mediation effect on the relationship between perceived supervisors support and organizational commitment with statistically significant negative indirect effect. Hence, the study recommends that to enhance employees’ organizational commitment; the public sector should work towards improving employees’ job satisfaction by strengthening their organizational support and training.

315-338

Authors: Geetu Singal, Aparna Prashant Goyal & B. Nagi

Cybercrime consists of activities undertaken by an individual or company that are done in a dishonest or illegal manner, and are designed to give an advantage to the perpetrating individual or company. Cyber-attacks are becoming more frequent in India. In 2017, approximately 53,000 cases of cybercrimes were reported and there were rise of about 10 per cent during 2018 as reported by two officials in the security establishment. It may be pointed out that almost 40 per cent of the attacks from January – May 2018 originated from China, and 25 percent from US; 13 per cent came from Pakistan and 9 per cent from Russia. For the present research paper, the data pertaining to fourteen factors which could help in preventing cybercrimes data were collected from 237 respondents. Out of the total respondents, 81 are the judges and 156 are the advocates. The average opinion of the respondents on the following three factors is little more than option 3 (Agree): Fake Websites, Hacking and Loose Security Measures. Taking proper or stringent security measures to protect the data and information would prevent cybercrimes. One has to be careful of fake websites and hacking activities in order to save the data and information from cybercrimes. The mean values of the perception of the respondents on following factors are nearing option 3 (Agree): Professional Networking, Social Media Sites, Unsecured Information, Privacy and Password Settings, Two Factor Authentication, Unsecured Public Wi-Fi, Recognized and Secured Payment Gateway, and Remote Access to Computer. These measures would help to maintain distance from the cybercrimes.

349-356

Authors: C. Vijayalakshmi & K. Kaliammal

The institutional Credit in conjunction with modern agricultural technologies has ushered agricultural development across Indian regions. About 70 per cent of the population has been directly or indirectly depending on agricultural and allied activities. The moderate credit supply by the lending institutions enabled quick infrastructural growth across Indian regions and thereby improved level credit absorption capacity. In institutional finance to agriculture, Commercial banks including RRBs now are emerging in top ranking. There is a moan of release for the rural poor from the dreaded control of money lenders. NABARD as an apex institution of indirect financing to agriculture the progress achieved in refinancing is praiseworthy. Recent data reveals that 66% of householdsin rural areas are still away from getting banking facilities. Financial inclusion is very essential andcredit has played a vital role in agricultural development yet regional and the farmcategory wise disparity has also taken place. Though financing of agriculture by commercial banks has proved its value in changing the economy of farmers by increasing their income and the system m is not free from some problems. This study is an attempt to find the problem faced by farmers and suggest some framework changes regarding problems and sound financing system for the near future.

367-374

Authors: Sanghamitra Jena & Shradha Padhi

The share and size of the elderly population are increasing in India and the number of impoverished senior citizens has been significantly noticed over time. From 5.6% in 1961 the population has increased to 8.6% in 2011. Looking into location, there are 71% of senior citizens have been residing in rural areas. In fact, 29% old people’s concentration found in urban setup. In the age group of 60-64 years, 76% were married while 22% were the widow and remain 2% were found either divorced or never married. It has been observed that the existence of few factors is mainly responsible to increase the numbers at a faster rate, these are like “diminishing moral values, Globalization, nuclear family and degradation social value system”.

379-392

Authors: Jyoti Garg & Aparna Prashant Goyal

This study is to identify the new lending platform for short term borrowers and lenders over the internet. It focuses on the scope and forecasts the success or failure of peer to peer lending companies in the market. The research consists of secondary data, which provides different perspectives towards the research question. Funding Circle is one of the largest peers to peer UK based exchange for borrowing and lending money. I-lend are the company operating in the same industry in India. A small overview of their business model and working provides an insight into its system and market.

401-412

Authors: Avisek Chaudhuri & Durga Shankar Rath

A library is the heart of an academic institution. In this paper, we tried to study the facilities available in the library and how much user use its resources day by day. The colleges are selected form two Midnapore (i.e. Paschim and Purba Midnapore) of West Bengal. We take six colleges to form these two districts. All these colleges are affiliated under Vidyasagar University and most of the colleges are established in the rural area of these two districts. One college i.e. Midnapore college had established before Independence (the year 1872), is one of the oldest colleges in India. Students come here from below income level family and study here in General Degree course in Arts, Science, and Commerce subject. The Infrastructure of the colleges is not up to the mark. The Service is also not remarkable. In this study, we found that Midnapore college has better infrastructure and service among all colleges and Despran College is the newest college among these colleges. Maximum colleges have insufficient stuff and fund also. Students are not always ready to use their resources for their study. Librarians take inicitatives to increase the interest of the user to use the library more than the past.

429-438

Authors: Navneet Kaur

Medical Tourism has turned out to be a fast growing multibillion-dollar industry around the world. It is an economic activity that entails trade in services and represents the mixing of two of the largest world industries: health care and tourism. In India, it has emerged as the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry despite the global economic downturn. India is offering very low-cost treatments not only to Indians but also to the foreigners. The current paper studied various clinical and service aspects driving medical tourism to Rajasthan. The Results of the current study indicated that visitors seem to be satisfied with Accreditation of Hospital, nursing care, pharmacy/ medicine availability and Counselling as clinical attributes and Accommodation, Security service and Country food availability as service attributes. Further, the hospitals should extend their facility and accreditation so that they can be part of the new mode of tourism called medical tourism. Thus the present study is very helpful for the overall development of the state.

447-452

Authors: Gurleen Ahluwalia

Literature is a tapestry of life, cultures, and imagination woven from the scores of colorful strands of characters, setting, mood, plot and embroidered with the carefully chosen silk threads of words and expressions. Hence, it has the potential to become a perfect resource for the teachers for engaging students in language learning classrooms. In the present research paper, the teacher-researcher explores the benefits of using short stories for teaching language arts to the elementary and pre-intermediate level undergraduate students of Punjab following an inductive approach of second language acquisition. The second part of the paper presents a complete lesson plan based on the mythological story of “The King Midas and the golden touch.”

463-468

Authors: Saroj Vats & Ami Pandya

The manufacturing sector is always considered as backbone of an economy. Out of this Pharma, sector is much more important as health plays a key role in a human being’s life. With the policy of past government, Indian Pharma sector has grown up very fast. It generates nearly 22.4 % of Indian GDP every year. There are nearly 8,174 small scales to large scale units which are working in Indian Pharma sector. It is the only sector which works on cost efficiency, growth and increasing investments through policy support One would surely wonder when American cancer research institute is using drugs made in India. It makes people jealous as well as wonder. Almost all the big brands of international Pharma having their manufacturing unit in India, particularly in Gujarat. Indian Pharma sector invests nearly 8.8% of its sales into R&D, so the growth is also rapid. This paper aims to understand the impact of the new government over Indian Pharma sector. Are the claims of new India and modinomics really helping in straightening on backbone? Are the SSI’s in an industrial state of Gujarat really generating profits after a new government and its newly imposed policies?

473-482

Authors: Ratiba Riyaz

Today workforce ageing, labor and skill shortages have become a major concern, emphasizing the need for retaining and sustaining competent older workers. To do so organizations need to focus on designing a supportive work climate for older employees. This will require making the workplace more attractive and appealing so that older workers will want to continue working in the organizations. In reality, the existence of an age-supportive climate in organizations is not that evident. Many organizations don’t consider developing age-supportive policies and practices that would contribute to positive work culture. Lack of opportunities and support provided to older workers might be rooted in the belief that with increasing age role of people in work and society is significantly reduced. These stereotypes might transform into daily practices and procedures of the organization, and lead to a workplace climate that is less responsive to the older workers contributions. Thus, leading to creation of a weak work climate which affects older workers contribution towards organizational growth and success. Designing Strategies to strengthen their work climate is therefore necessary in fostering older workers commitment and intention to remain in the organization.

491-496

Authors: Thirupathi. K, Mamatha. G, Narayana E & Venkaiah. Y

Termites, especially Odontotermes sp. were playing an important role in ecology, entomophagy and other contexts such as Zootherapy around the world including Indian ethnic people. By food, value termites have a rich source of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, enzymes, and minerals. The termites Odontotermes obesus had high levels of biochemical constituents such as proteins 66mg/ 100mg; carbohydrates 35mg/100mg; lipids 6.80mg/100mg and other enzymes. The results that Odontotermes obesus have more proteins followed by carbohydrates, lipids, and enzymes. In addition to their ecological importance, termites are a source of food and medicinal resources to ethnic people of Koya tribes from Pakhal Wildlife sanctuary, Telangana state. Therefore, there is an urgent need to focus on entomological research to the documentation of the utility of insects.