Social Pedagogy | Social Education

12

Authors: Denisa Denglerov

This study concerns possibilities for fair testing of intellectual abilities in the context of different sociocultural environments. It traces the history of testing and misuse of test results to discriminate against various groups. Using examples of specific items from currently used WISC tests, the study shows how the environment influences test results. It then describes four models of the relationship between intelligence and tools to measure it in various sociocultural environments. In the last part of the study we propose a possible development of psychological testing that might make it truly fair and thus widely usable. We mention different paths to culturally appropriate tests with an emphasis on principles of dynamic testing.

19

Authors: Anna Petr Šafránková, Karla Hrbáčková

The teachers’ self-efficacy (TS) is one of the important determinants, which affects teachers’ behavior and also affects the effectivity of educational process. The presented study is based on the concept of Gibson and Dembi, who characterized the teachers’ self-efficacy by two dimensions – Personal Teaching Efficacy (PTE) and General Teaching Efficacy (GTE). Our goal is to present results of the research which was focused on determination of the relation between teachers’ self-efficacy and the factors related with the education of socially disadvantaged pupils. Among the mentioned research tool it was used the semantic differential method. We found out that the teachers from the chosen primary schools are more convinced about their abilities to influence pupils’ learning and behavior (PTE) and less convinced about the overcoming unfavorable effects of environment through the education (GTE). We also discovered that the teachers’ self-efficacy rate from chosen primary schools is not correlated with their experience (with the education of socially disadvantaged pupils) and there is no significant difference between TS and the territory of teachers’ work. The self-efficacy rate is strongly correlated with the evaluation of the concepts related with the education of socially disadvantaged pupils.