Homosporticus

4 (23-26)

Authors: Danijela Kuna1, Sanjin Džajić2, Matej Babić; 1,3 Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 2 Secondary school „Konjic“

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the formation of an expert model of the most important operators for methodical learning of skiing with different rhythm and pace. In this particular research was conducted on 20 ski experts from different countries. The experts first defined a model of operators for methodical learning and then, on a scale from 1 to 5, selected the five most important exercises. Execution of ranking was defined by the sum of the frequencies of expert’s values. In accordance with the research objective tests which are used were nonparametric chi - square test (c2) and statistical test of differences between expert ranks of most important operators and values of the most important ones. Differences were obtained in frequencies of expert selection of most important operators for methodical learning of skiing with different rhythm and pace (= 20; p =0,02), and differences between values ofmost important ones (=575,70; p <0,001). The results of this research allow precise and science justified methodical innovationsof expert model of skiing with different rhythm and pace. This research presents foundation for further hierarchical classification of expert model and defining of characteristic mistakes and correction exercises.

5 (32-36)

Authors: Šejla Omerhodžić and Arnel Kalušić

The purpose of this review article is to present a systematic overview of different approaches to strength and power of the lower limbs measured and monitored exclusively by isokinetic dynamometer test. The selected papers analyzed in this review cover testing protocol involving a concentric performance of both movements at the speed of 60°/sec and 180°/sec. The problems were related to lowered total leg power to unilateral and bilateral imbalances while knee joints are flexed or extended. The analysis of selected research reveals that individual programmed workouts created based on the data measured on an isokinetic dynamometer can significantly help to fix lack of strength muscle groups stabilizing the knee joint. We can say that appropriately planned workout process including correct control testing protocols causes significant transformations in the knee joint extensors and flexors. The selection of the relevant papers for this study was conducted in data bases Google Scholar, Medline, KoBSON, PubMed, ResearchGate and EBSCOdata with the following keywords: rehabilitation, knee joint, injuries, extension and fle

6 (17-22)

Authors: Anida Kapo, Safet Kapo, Indira Mahmutović and Amir Sofić

This article summarizes systematic reviews of the literature related to foot deformities. The aim of this review is to analyze the feet of preschool children and to identify the factors that lead to the accommodation of this deformity. All data sources have been selected from relevant sources from websites, journals and original scientific articles. In this paper, seventeen papers addressing the problem have been analyzed. Systematic review of the papers presented here is consistent with the PRISMA consensus. What has so far revealed is a strong correlation between body weight gained by gender with the onset of flat foot deformity. All the studies conducted allowed for a positive association between body weight and the frequency of flat foot occurrence. The results of the study examining the association were found with the occurrence of deformation and concluded that the flat foot in the highest frequency occurred in children aged 3 to 5 years, and after that age the frequency often suddenly decreased. A gender difference was also observed. Specifically, in observing the girls and boys of the same age, there is a higher incidence of flat feet in boys. The childhood period is a period of rapid growth, and accordingly, it takes time for the skeleton, musculature and ligaments to adapt to increasing daily challenges. What still remains underexplored and needs more attention is to assess the period during which the foot structures connections are finally established in order to decide which period of flat foot emergence represents the ultimate pathological condition to be treated seriously.

8 (37-44)

Authors: Duško Lepir, Vesna Macanović and Siniša Lakić

Previous research suggests that yoga benefits for various health problems such as physical and metabolic disorders, respiratory problems, mental disorders, while special attention in recent years has been paid to studying the positive effects of yoga on the improvement of the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The goal of our study was to examine whether practicing yoga for at least a year is related to the respiration mechanism (fewer respiratory cycles per minute and heart rate) and heart rate variability (HRV) in the population of middle-aged women. The sample consisted of two groups of women older than 40 years. Members of the first group (n = 24) practiced yoga for at least one year, while members of the comparison group (n = 25) did not practice any form of organized physical activity. Obtained results are in accordance with most of the published scientific literature on the topic. This means that practicing yoga on a sample was a correlate of more desirable heart rate variability and more efficient respiratory function, but that the observed effects were statistically small to moderate. Due to the weak statistical power, no statistically significant differences were observed when it comes to comparing groups, but statistically significant correlations were observed between the length of yoga practice and more desirable physiological parameters. In this paper, we discuss the advantages and limitations of our study, as well as the general importance of conducting correlational studies to assess the actual effects of various preventive activities.

4 (4-7)

Authors: Zvonimir Tomac, Nadja Nekić and Biljana Trajkovski

The aim of this paper is to determine the impact of practicing judo elements in PE classes on the improvement of kinanthropological characteristics (morphological characteristics, motor and functional abilities) of students between the ages of 8 and 9, who were enrolled in the program. Material and methods.:The research included 22 (10 male and 12 female) students from grade 2a, who formed the experimental group, and 23 (11 male and 12 female) students from grade 2b, who made up the control group of the Pehlin Elementary School in Rijeka in the academic year 2018/2019. During the research, the initial measurement was made at the beginning of the program and the final measurement after three and a half months. Results: The results obtained through comparison between the experimental and control group in the final measurement indicate statistically significant differences between the two groups in the following tests: standing long jump (p = 0.01); sit-ups (p = 0.03); 3-minute run (p = 0.04).Conclusion: Although the students of the experimental group statistically progressed in three motor abilities (explosive leg strength, flexibility, and the speed of alternative movements) and functional abilitiesKeywords:

4 (62-64)

Authors: Ljubomir Pavlović, Nenad Stojiljković, Stevan Stamenković, Goran Danković, Rasim Lakota and Zoran Milanović

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of one-week skiing camp on wellness, fatigue and body composition in recreational skiers. A total of nine participants were included in this study (Mean±SD; Age: 22.33±0.51 yrs; Body height: 175.56±5.82 cm; Body mass: 74.32±7.04 kg). The experimental programme was performed during skiing camp as part of regular course activities for the student. The following parameters were measured at baseline and after 6 days of skiing at the same time of the day and under similar conditions, including: wellness, fatigue and body composition. Body mass (P=0.002), basal metabolic rate (P=0.001) and muscle mass (P=0.001) were significantly lower after one-week skiing camp. In addition, fatigue, sleep quality and stress level were significantly increased after one-week skiing camp. Major triggers for overtraining syndrome were elevated after one-week skiing camp, therefore overtraining syndrome is expected for longer skiing periods (2-4 weeks) if there is no adequate balance between daily load and recovery.

5 (30-34)

Authors: Eldin Jelešković, Haris Alić, Emir Mustafović, Amer Suljić, Munir Talović, Erduan Kafedžić and Nedim Čović

FIFA 11+ represents a complete warm-up programme, which had appeared as a result of an F-MARC research and has been characterised as a prevention warm-up programme. The aim of this paper is to analyze what effects the application of FIFA 11+ training programme will yield on isokinetic parameters of knee joint stabilizers. Two independent researchers have analyzed the previous research studies found via a search of different online databases (PubMed, ResearchGate, and Medline). Only those research studies which are directly linked to the subject matter of this paper and which satisfy the inclusive criteria were analyzed. Concerning the analysis of effects of the training programme on the isokinetic parameters, six research studies satisfied the inclusive criteria and were analyzed accordingly. The general conclusion of this paper is that the FIFA 11+ prevention programme might prove to be an extremely useful and applicable programme for the decrease of imbalance between the quadriceps femoris and biceps femoris muscles, as well as that it might help enhance knee joint stabilizers.

5 (40-44)

Authors: Nemanja Zlojutro, Borko Petrović, Aleksandar Kukrić and Radenko Dobraš

The study aims to present in detail the analysis of high-intensity movement during official football matches of the highest rank in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The data (such as maximum speed, the number of accelerations, the number of sprints, (V4) the distance of high-intensity running ≥19,8 km/h, and (V5) the distance of sprint ≥25,2 km/h) have been collected using 20 Hz GPS (Global Positioning System) in 13 football matches (11 matches of the domestic league, BHT PL BIH, and two matches of BIH CUP in the first part of the 2019-2020 season). In total, there were n=74 individual match observations, of which central defenders (CD, n=18); fullbacks (FB, n=13); central midfielders (CM, n=23); wide midfielders (WM, n=15); and forwards (FW, n=5) were analyzed. The kinematic parameters were obtained by 20 Hz GPS Pro2 (GPEXE, Exelio Srl, Udine, Italy). The statistical analysis results have shown that the average maximum speed equaled 29,7±1,6 km/h, the number of accelerations 19,9±7,4, the number of sprints 3,4±2,7, the distance (V4) 481±163, and the distance (V5) 127±85. Considering the positions of the players on the field, the full-backs obtained the highest maximum speed of (FB) 30,7±1,1 km/h, while the wide-midfielders, on average, performed, the most accelerations 27,6±6,4, sprints 6,2±3,3, and ran the longest distance in V4 (677±156) and V5 (213±104) zones. This study analyzed the differences between players’ positions and quantified the physical demands of elite football players competing in the highest rank in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Based on the kinematic parameters data, the results show several statistical discrepancies related to the positions of the players in a match. The data offered in this study may be used in future analyses and comparisons. They represent the scientific ground for further construction and creation of specific training exercises concerning players’ positions.

6 (56-61)

Authors: Tasevski Zikica, Markovski Nebojsa, Gontarev Serjoza, Andrijana Misovski and Vlatko Nedelkovski

A survey was conducted on a sample of 50 football players aged from 17 to 30 aiming to establish quantitative transformation changes in tests of assessing basic motoric abilities and agility when influenced by specially designed functional training with top football players in different game positions in the team. In order to meet the research aims, six tests for assessing basic motoric abilities were applied as follows: 30-meter running, Lifting the tors in 30 seconds, Push-ups to full body-workout, Squat jump (SJ), Counter Movement jump (CMJ), and Counter-movement jump with arm swing (CMJA). The experimental program was applied within six work weeks with four trainings each week. The trainings were applied by a circular method of work, and the respondents were arranged into sets of groups of two players. The research results indicate that the six-week experimental training program of a functional training has a positive influence on improving the average results in all of the six tests. On the base of the numeric values of the arithmetic means and the percentage differences, there can be concluded that, within the six-week period, the whole sample of respondents has gained improvement with the tests: Lifting the tors, Push-ups to full body-workout, Squat Jump, Counter Movement Jump, Counter Movement Jump with Arm Swing.

11 (45-55)

Authors: Remzija Šetić

Previous base in theoretical analysis and the present findings of the research on psychological factors that contribute to the successful sport implementation, specificially the Hypothetical model of success in team sports (Mlacic and associates 2010) we have design this research project in order to integrate the knowledge of the Five-Factor Personality Model (McCrae and Costa, 1992), self-efficacy (Bandura, 1986) and the locus of control (Rotter, 1971) and group cohesion (Corron and associates, 1985) in prediction of a team sport success in football. The aim of this paper is to present the results of a study in which we tested the contribution of individual characteristics (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, self-efficacy, locus of control and length of football training- as one determinant of experience) and group psychological characteristics (perceived group cohesion) in explanation of team success (placement on the table) of various football selections (junior and senior) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 417 football players from 12 football clubs in Bosnia and Herzegovina participated in the research. For the assessment of predictor variables were used: Questionnaire on general data of football players, NEO-PI R (Coste and McCrae, 1992) to examine five personality factors, Scale of self-efficacy of football players (Šamija and Bosnar, 2010) to assess self-efficacy in football, Scale of externality , 1990) to examine the locus of control, UGO – R (Carron et al., 1985) to assess group cohesion. The group performance indicator was used as a criterion, which is the position of the team on the table at the end of the autumn part of the competition for the 2016/2017 season. of the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We conducted the Hierarchical Linear Regression procedure and concluded that the dimension of neuroticism of the five-factor personality model and group cohesion proved to be significant in predicting team success for seniors. That is, better placed teams on the table have more individuals with greater emotional stability, and have more individuals who are better connected and integrated with each other. The research confirmed that greater group cohesion, external locus of control and longer football training are important for the forecast of the position on the table for junior teams. The set model of individual and group characteristics did not have an equal contribution to success in football among juniors and seniors.