Herald of Almaty State Institute of Advanced Medical Education

6-12

Authors: Markabayeva A.A., Alibayev G.N., Ospanova D.A., Hanna Hopia

Despite the measures taken to organize the treatment of cancer, the quality of the services provided in managing the cancer process may be discredited in the near future due to problems related to various factors. Factors such as population aging and an increase in the number of surviving patients after cancer, as well as a shortage of labor, will affect the entire oncological service. Based on international experience in improving the quality of services provided to the oncological population, it is necessary to take into account the positive results in expanding the workforce with the help of practicing nurses. The role of nursing staff has been and continues to be an integral part of oncological care. From the Middle Ages to the present day, oncological /palliative/ hospice care has developed and, finally, has acquired special significance for nurses specializing in oncological profile. The very essence of nursing is aimed at caring for a person and supporting the family in difficult situations. A nurse practitioner specializing in an oncology profile is a necessary and significant tool in the structure of creating a quality program for the oncology service as a whole. This article examines the various areas of oncological specialization of the nurse, as well as their functional responsibilities on the basis of inpatient, district clinics, palliative care, at home.

21-23

Authors: Baymuratova M.A., Bazarova G.S., Tyesova-Berdalina R.A., Zhumabekova B.T., Abdusalamova Z.S., Aneshova E.E.

Sharp intestinal infections continue to remain the most frequent diseases in children's population; however, in special literature results about allocation of pathogenic serovar are extremely small. The purpose of the real research was to give an assessment to prevalence of intestinal esherichioz with identification of the dominating serovariant of E. coli. Researches were conducted on the basis of children's city infectious diseases hospital of Almaty during 2014-2017. The standard methods and nutrient mediums were applied, according to standard and legal documents RK, definition serogroup escherichias was carried out with use of diagnostic esherichioz sharp intestinal serums (polyvalent, monovalent) by productions of a joint-stock Biomed of I.I. Mechnikov. Conclusions: pathogenic colibacilli of an escherichia were presented in the majority in comparison with the found unconditional pathogens; serogroup distribution by years is presented ambiguously, but in 2017 there was a change dominating serogroup from superiority of the isolates which are not relating to above mentioned, against the background of earlier revealed by E.coli 020, E.coli 0111; the serological structure of esherichioz is presented by seven various serogroup of colibacilli: enteropatogen, enterotoksigen, enterogemorragic, in particular E.coli 020, E.coli 055, E.coli 0111. The received data on circulation various serogroup colibacillus, dictate need of carrying out systematic monitoring for interaction with the hospital epidemiologist of medical institution.

30-33

Authors: Uap Zh.T., Bulegenov T. A., Kamkhen V.B.

Tumors of the brain, despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of neoplasms in general, are an actual problem due to low patient survival and high disability. The purpose of this study is to study the epidemiological aspects of malignant brain tumors in the East Kazakhstan region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The received results testify to territorial and gender differences in diseases of cerebral tumors in the EKO.

38-42

Authors: Demidchik L.A., Li V.V., BeynikovaI.V., Klyuev D.A.

Based on the epidemiological picture of ethanol, acetic acid and drug poisoning, the study of the mechanisms of their influence on the body is very relevant. Our knowledge of kidney damage and the development of nephropathy in these cases is limited. It is believed that one of the possible mechanisms for the development of complications in cases of poisoning is oxidative stress. However, markers of oxidative stress in blood cells in toxic nephropathies have been little studied and such an important aspect of oxidative stress as oxidative modification of proteins has not been studied. The aim of our study was to study the intensity of the oxidative modification of red blood cell proteins in patients with exogenous toxic nephropathy. Erythrocytes of the blood were studied in 18 patients with nephropathy caused by acute poisoning with acetic acid, 30 patients with nephropathy caused by acute alcohol poisoning, 20 patients with nephropathy induced by psychotropic drugs and 20 healthy donors. The inten¬sity of the oxidative modification of erythrocyte proteins was estimated by the content of carbonyl derivatives of proteins and membrane-bound hemoglobin (MSH). The data were obtained spectrophotometrically. In all the groups of patients with toxic nephropathies that we studied, regardless of the initiating nephrotoxin, we observed a general trend: a statistically significant increase in the content of carbonyl derivatives of erythrocyte proteins and in different degrees a decrease in MSH relative to the values of the control group. The single trend of changes in the content of carbonyl derivatives of erythrocyte proteins for all the types of exogenous nephropathy we studied is due, in our opinion, to the common points of application of these nephrotoxins in action. Namely, in their general ability to destabilize erythrocyte membranes, to provoke to some extent hemolysis and oxidative stress, due to the release of hemoglobin. Reduced MSH can serve as a compensatory mechanism, however, reflects the hypoen-ergy state of red blood cells, which, together with oxidative stress, hemolysis of some red blood cells, reduces their gas transport function and undoubtedly contributes to the development of tissue hypoxia and progression of kidney damage.

47-52

Authors: Sharipova K.K., Gatin R.F., Aydarbekova A.S., Suleymenov K.G.

This article presents the results of urodynamic research in women of the period of climate. Estrogen deficiency is an established and proven cause of urogenital disorders in menopausal women. The role of estrogen deficiency in the development of imperative urges is associated primarily with ultrastructural changes in the MP, ischemia and atrophic changes in urothelium and other factors [1, 2, 3]. Most patients associate the onset of illness with the onset of menopause. The purpose of the study is to clarify the main factors of urination disorders in women of the menopause period. Materials and methods: The material of the study was the data of an outpatient examination of women of 167 women aged from 46-76 years of menopause, with manifestations of urinary incontinence (NM) for 2016-2018. The study was divided into two groups of women of both groups of the period of menopause and post-menopause, with manifestations of urinary incontinence "sensory" disorders and the second group with pronounced manifestations of OAB. Results and discussion 1.Analysis of urodynamic indicators is one of the main indicators in the diagnosis of imperative disorders. 2.Urodynamic invasive diagnosis should be performed before and after treatment in the presence of imperative violations. 3.The peculiarity of the procedure for the selection of patients is of key importance, since only in this case it is possible to objectively establish not only the condition of the lower urinary tract, but also to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. 4.From the obtained data it is clear that there is a significant decrease in sphincter resistance and specific strength of the sphincter in women with urinary incontinence compared with a group of women with "sensory impairments" 5.The age indicator in the compared groups of women has a significant difference, it is necessary to recognize the importance of the above indicators as diagnostic criteria for assessing sphincter insufficiency in patients.

59-62

Authors: Sinyavsky Yu.A., Berdygaliyev A.B., Barmak S.T.

Objective: To study the contamination of Salmonella bacteria strains of food products sold in the markets of Almaty. Methods: laboratory studies of food products were carried out in accordance with MU 4.2.2723-10 "Laboratory diagnosis of salmonellosis, the detection of Salmonella in food products and environmental objects". As a result of the study, it was found that in samples of food raw materials sold in the markets of Almaty, the largest share of products unsatisfactory in terms of microbiological indicators is confectionery, in 2nd place is milk and dairy products, and in 3rd place are vegetables and fruits (12 , 2%). The highest proportion of food products contaminated with Salmonella bacteria was confectionery (31.6%), milk and dairy products (26.3%), vegetables and fruits (15.8%). Among the strains of the Salmonella bacterium studied, salmonella of rare groups prevailed.